Portal:Japan/Anniversaries/March

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These are the selected anniversaries for March that appear on the Japan portal. The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.

Contents

March 1

March 1:

  • 1201 - Japan's top female poet, Shokushinai Shinnō, dies. (Traditional Japanese Date: Twenty-fifth Day of the First Month, 1201)
  • 1891 - The Tokyo Clearing House is established for the exchange of bank drafts.
  • 1911 - The Imperial Theater is completed, but is later lost to fire during the Great Kanto earthquake.
  • 1919 - The March First Movement is held -- a display of Korean protest against Japanese occupation.
  • 1932 - Japan announces the establishment of the Manchukuo puppet state in Manchuria.
  • 1938 - Taxis in Kyoto introduce the fare meter, which spreads to the rest of the country beginning in November of the same year.
  • 1941 - The National School Proclamation is issued. Beginning on April 1, 1941, all former elementary schools become national schools, and the period of compulsory education is extended to include 6 years of elementary school and 2 years of high school.
  • 1954 - Tuna fishing boat No. 5 Fukuryūmaru is exposed to heavy doses of radiation and "ashes of death" from the experimental detonation of a hydrogen bomb by Americans on the Bikini Atoll.
  • 1962 - Takashimaya department store in Nihonbashi, Tokyo opens the first vertical parking garage.
  • 1988 - Guilty verdicts are handed down against the president and other executives of Chisso Corporation in connection with the severe mercury poisoning (known as Minamata disease, after the region where most victims are from).

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March 2

March 2:

  • 1657 - The Great Fire of Meireki claims the lives of nearly 100,000 people in Edo. (Traditional Japanese Date: Eighteenth Day of the First Month, 1657)
  • 1886 - The Imperial University proclamation is issued establishing the Imperial University (the predecessor to Tokyo University.
  • 1943 - Due to wartime policy, all baseball terms that were previously borrowed from English are officially replaced with Japanese words.
  • 1976 - A time bomb goes off in the Hokkaidō civic center, killing two people.
  • 1981 - Official repatriation of war orphans left behind in China after World War II begins.

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March 3

March 3:

  • 1105 - Fujiwara no Kiyohira has the Chūsonji Temple built. (Traditional Japanese Date: Fifteenth Day of the Second Month, 1105)
  • 1873 - As a symbol fo the new age of cultural enlightenment, the empress abolishes the practice of blackening her teeth and drawing artificial eyebrows.
  • 1933 - A tsunami caused by the Sanrikuoki Earthquake strokes the Eastern coast of northern Honshū, killing 3,535 people.
  • 1958 - Fuji Heavy Industries intorduces the 4 seater light automobile, the Subaru 360. The car went on sale in May at a cost of 425,000 yen.

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March 4

March 4:

  • 1701 - Keichū, State Scholar and the chief Buddhist priest of the Mandalain in Ikutama, Ōsaka, dies at the age of 62. (Traditional Japanese Date: Twenty-fifth Day of the First Month, 1701)
  • 1845 - Japan's first match factory begins operation. (Traditional Japanese Date: Twenty-sixth Day of the First Month, 1845)
  • 1899 - As part of its effort to modernize, Japan passes its first copyright law.
  • 1951 - Japan participates in the First Asian Games, held in New Delhi.
  • 1952 - A strong earthquake from Southern Hokkaidō to Northeast Honshū (the Tokachi Earthquake) kills 307 people and destroys 3,353 homes.
  • 1966 - A Canadian Pacific Airlines DC-8 crashes at Haneda Airport, killing 64.
  • 1967 - Hawaiian sumō wrestler Takamiyama becomes the first non-Japanese wrestler to be elevated to the rank of sekitori.
  • 1974 - The ban on aluminum bats in high school baseball is lifted.
  • 1979 - Hasegawa Tsuneo conquers the northern face of Grandes Jorasses, on the border between France and Italy, during a winter solo climb.

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March 5

March 5:

  • 1869 - The regional Daimyō return their land holdings to the control of the emperor. (Traditional Japanese Date: Twenty-third Day of the First Month, 1869)
  • 1908 - Japan holds its first beauty contest when Jiji Shinpō Co., at the request of the Herald Tribune in the United States, solicits photographs from all over the country and chooses a winner, Suehiro Hiroko, from among the applicants. The publication of the photograph in the United States led to the first worldwide beauty contest held the next year.
  • 1926 - The Labor Agriculture Party is formed.
  • 1942 - The first air raid warnings are sounded in Tokyo.
  • 1953 - The Tokyo Stock Exchange falls sharply, led by munitions company stocks.
  • 1966 - A British Boeing 707 crashes near Mt. Fuji, killing 124 people.
  • 1967 - The First Ōme Marathon is held.

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March 6

March 6:

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March 7

March 7:

  • 1788 - Fires in Kyoto claim 183,000 households. (Traditional Japanese Date: Thirtieth Day of the First Month, 1788)
  • 1873 - The mythical date of the founding of Japan by Emperor Jimmu (February 11, 660 B.C.) is established as a holiday.
  • 1900 - Smoking by minors is prohibited.
  • 1908 - A ferry connecting Aomori and Hakodate, the Hiraomaru, begins operation once a day.
  • 1925 - The Peace Preservation Law, designed to protect the royal family from the left wing, is passed. It forbade conspiracy and revolt, and it criminalized socialism and communism.
  • 1948 - A law establishing a fire department is passed.
  • 1957 - Japan takes top honors in five events at the Twenty Fourth World Ping Pong Championship.
  • 1958 - A driving license testing center is opened in Fuchu, Tokyo.
  • 1971 - National Rail unifies the Tokyo Line and the Yamate Line and changes its name to the Yamanote Line.
  • 1991 - The International Orchid Show opens in Nagoya.

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March 8

March 8:

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March 9

March 9:

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March 10

March 10:

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March 11

March 11:

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March 12

March 12:

  • 1874 - Japan holds its first athletic meet at a naval school in Tsukiji.
  • 1876 - The "one-six system," a work day system everyone had the 1st, 6th, 11th, 16th, 21st, and 26th of every month off, is reformed to a 7 day work week with a half-day working day on Saturday, and Sundays off. The new system is implemented among government workers in April, and it quickly spreads through the rest of the country. The half-day working day on Saturday was colloquially referred to as the "han-don." Han means half in Japanese and "don" referred to the thunder of the imperial palace canon that was fired everyday at noon beginning in September 1871 and which came to symbolize quitting time on Saturdays.
  • 1912 - The precursor to JTB, the Japan Travel Bureau, is established.
  • 1969 - Thirty centimeters of snow fall in Tokyo, bringing traffic to a halt.

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March 13

March 13:

  • 1933 - Japan's first ambulance is installed in the Yokohama Fire Department.
  • 1983 - Japan's first in vitro fertilization is successfully implanted.
  • 1988 - The Aomori-Hakodate Tunnel, connecting Honshū and Hokkaidō, begins operation. At the same time, the 80 year history of the Aomori-Hakodate ferry comes to a close.

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March 14

March 14:

March 14 is also White Day.

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March 15

March 15:

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March 16

March 16:

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March 17

March 17:

  • 1607 - Izumo no Okuni performs Kabuki in Edo. (Traditional Japanese Date: Twentieth Day of the Second Month, 1607)
  • 1869 - The Meiji government encourages the construction of primary schools. (Traditional Japanese Date: Fifth Day of the Second Month, 1869)
  • 1945 - Near the end of World War II, Nearly 20,000 Japanese soldiers lose their lives at the battle of Iwo Jima.
  • 1951 - The law on public elections is passed. The law implements the various principles set forth in the constitution, including equality and confidentiality and the ability to campaign freely.
  • 1959 - The age of the young comic book arrives when Kōdansha and Shōgakukan simultaneously introduce the Weekly Shōnen Magazine and the Weekly Shōnen Sunday, respectively. These were followed over the next ten years by such publications as Shōnen Jump, Shōnen King and Shōnen Champion.
  • 1985 - The Tsukuba Science Expo '85 opens. The Expo records 20 million visitors and produces a profit of 8.4 billion yen.
  • 1988 - The Tokyo Dome is completed. In a fitting turn of events, the opening ceremony of the Tokyo Dome, Japan's first covered baseball stadium, took place on a day that was cold and rainy outside.
  • 1989 - The Asia Pacific Expo opens in Fukuoka. Thirty seven countries participated and the expo welcomed over 8.2 million visitors.
  • 1990 - Yokozuna (Grandmaster) Chiyonofuji marks his 1,000th win.

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March 18

March 18:

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March 19

March 19:

  • 1891 - The Liberal Constitution Party changes its name to the Liberal Party, and Itagaki Taisuke is elected party leader.
  • 1914 - Tokyo Station is completed. It was designed by Tatsuno Kingo and was based on Amsterdam Central Station. Its red brick construction made it a symbolic example of western-style construction at the time. Much of the original building was destroyed during the fire bombing of Tokyo during World War II.
  • 1949 - The Tokyo Hato Buses begin regular sightseeing excursions from Ueno Station. A half day sightseeing course cost 250 yen.
  • 1955 - The Japan Housing Public Corporation is established to deal with growing need for housing in Tokyo that accompanied the accelerating economic boom.
  • 1956 - The Hatoyama Administration submits its proposal for a first past the post election system.
  • 1990 - Japan successfully achieves separation and a swing-by with its first lunar satellite, the Hagoromo.
  • 1998 - Japan passes the non-profit organizations law.

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March 20

March 20:

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March 21

March 21:

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March 22

March 22:

  • 1185 - The Battle of Yashima, near the island of Shikoku, takes place between Genji forces and Heike forces.
  • 1897 - The Japan Times publishes its first issue.
  • 1908 - The bucktooth turtle incident. A woman returning from a public bath is strangled by Ikeda Kametarō (kame means turtle in Japanese.) The crime was committed after Ikeda had been caught peeping in a woman's bathhouse. Ever since the incident, bath peepers have sometimes been referred to as "bucktooth turtles" which was Ikeda's nickname.
  • 1925 - NHK radio begins test broadcasting.
  • 1953 - Hatoyama Ichirō forms the Liberal Party in opposition to Prime Minister Yoshida Shigeru. The Liberal Party is joined with the Reform Party the next year to form the Japan Democratic Party, and Hatoyama goes on to become prime minister in 1956.
  • 1985 - The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare confirms Japan's first AIDS patient.
  • 1997 - The Akita shinkansen (bullet train) is completed, cutting the time it takes to travel from Tokyo to Akita by 48 minutes.

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March 23

March 23:

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March 24

March 24:

  • 1603 - Tokugawa Ieyasu is proclaimed shōgun. (Traditional Japanese Date: Twelfth Day of the Second Month, 1603)
  • 1855 - A treaty of amity and commerce is entered into between Japan and Russia. (Traditional Japanese Date: Seventh Day of the Second Month, 1855)
  • 1860 - Ii Naosuke, the Great Elder of the shogunate, was assassinated outside the Sakurada gate to Edo Castle (incident outside Sakurada gate (桜田門外の変 Sakuradamon-gai no hen?). (Traditional Japanese Date: Third Day of the Third Month, 1860)
  • 1928 - "Manequin girls" (live girls modeling clothing for sale) make their appearance at the Tokyo and Ueno Takashimaya department stores.
  • 1983 - The Chūgoku Freeway, between Osaka and Shimonoseki, at the westernmost tip of Honshū, is opened.
  • 1988 - Twenty seven students and teachers on their graduation trip are killed in a train accident in Shanghai, China.
  • 1995 - The unamanned submarine explorer Kaikō sets a depth record of 10,911 meters.

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March 25

March 25:

  • 1837 - Ōshio Heihachirō initiates an uprising.
  • 1878 - The first arc lamp is used in Japan.
  • 1906 - Shimazaki Tōson publishes The Broken Commandment (破戒 Hakai?) with his own money.
  • 1947 - Japan's holds its first cinema "road show" with the showing of Rhapsody in Blue. A "road show" is a form of pre-release publicity where a movie is shown is one theater per city before its general release. Rhapsody in Blue generated so much interest that it ended up running for ten weeks. Movie tickets at the time were 25 yen each.
  • 1948 - Kawashima Yoshiko, known as the Asian Mata Hari, is executed as a Japanese spy. Kawashima Yoshiko was born as the daughter of Shànqí, the 10th hereditary Prince Sù of the Manchu imperial family. However, she was raised by a Japanese family and convicted of spying for the Japanese after the war.
  • 1956 - The first home run by a pinch hitter with bases loaded in Japanese baseball history is hit by the Giants' Higasa Kazuo, allowing the Giants to come from behind for a win against the Chunichi Dragons.
  • 1973 - City-sponsored gambling is outlawed completely.
  • 1992 - The Huis ten Bosch Palace (a recreation of a Dutch city) is opened in Sasebo, Nagasaki.

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March 26

March 26:

  • 1796 - Japan's first Dutch-Japanese dictionary is published. (Traditional Japanese Date: Eighteenth Day of the Second Month, 1796)
  • 1914 - Kachusha, a wartime song about a girl longing for her beloved, who is away on military service, is performed at the Imperial Garden Theater for the first time.
  • 1945 - The Battle of Okinawa, where 230,000 lose their lives, begins.
  • 1978 - Radical protestors break into the control tower at Narita Airport.

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March 27

March 27:

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March 28

March 28:

  • 1876 - The wearing of swords is outlawed.
  • 1903 - The first beer garden is opened in Azumabashi, Sumida Ward, Tokyo.
  • 1913 - A military plane crashes in Tokorozawa, Japan's first deadly plane crash.
  • 1920 - Hiratsuka Raichō and Ichikawa Fusae establish the New Women's Association.
  • 1968 - Students take over the Yasuda lecture hall in the Tokyo University riots. Graudation ceremonies are cancelled.

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March 29

March 29:

  • 1911 - Japan passes its first labor law.
  • 1933 - A law on foreign currency exchange is passed.
  • 1937 - Marui implements Japan's first installment payment plan for purchases.
  • 1957 - Japan's first South Pole expedition lands on Antarctica.

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March 30

March 30:

  • 1958 - The National Stadium in The Meiji Shrine Outer Garden, which seats 70,000, is completed.
  • 1959 - The Tokyo Lower Court rules the presence of U.S. forces in Japan to be unconstitutional in connection with an incident where seven protestors were arrested for illegally entering the U.S. base at Tachikawa (the Sunaga Incident.) The decision was later overturned by the [[Supreme Court|Supreme Court of Japan in December.
  • 1968 - The TV animation Land of the Giants airs for the first time. Land of the Giants started out as a regular installment in the Weekly Shonen Jump, beginning in May 1966, and caused sales of the comic to triple. The TV series was just as successful with ratings of up to 26%. The series ran until September 1971.
  • 1987 - Shirane Zen becomes the first person to cross the Sahara Desert on a 50cc bike.
  • 1987 - Japanese insurance magnate Gōtō Yasuo pays a then record 5.3 billion yen for Vincent van Gogh's painting, Still Life: Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers. In 1990 he paid 12.5 billion yen for van Gogh's Portrait of Dr. Gachet.

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March 31

March 31:

  • 1854 - The Convention of Kanagawa is signed between Japan and the United States, opening Japan after over 200 years of near seclusion. (Traditional Japanese Date: Third Day of the Third Month, 1854)
  • 1876 - Mitsui Bank is established.
  • 1906 - The Railway Nationalization Act is passed.
  • 1937 - The Alcohol Monopolization Act is passed for the manufacture of alcoholic beverages other than sake.
  • 1938 - Rickshaws are banned within Tokyo Station.
  • 1947 - The school system is reformed to include six years of grade school, three years of junior high school, three years of high school and four years of university (the 6-3-3-4 system).
  • 1947 - The Imperial Diet is abolished after 57 years and is replaced by the new National Diet of Japan under the new constitution.
  • 1949 - The Tokyo fire department establishes 119 as the telephone number for emergencies (similar to 911 in the United States.)
  • 1966 - The total population of Japan surpasses 100 million.
  • 1970 - A plane en route from Haneda Airport to Fukuoka is hijacked by the Japanese Red Army with 138 passengers and crew on board. The hijackers demand that the plane be flown to South Korea. After the plane lands at Gimpo International Airport, The deputy official of the Ministry of Transport trades himself in exchange for the release of all of the passengers. The plane then flies on to Pyongyang.
  • 1981 - Popular singing duo Pink Lady breaks up.
  • 1987 - Wakaōji, the son of the president of Mitsui Bussan's Philippine branch, is released unharmed after four and a half months in captivity. Mitsui & Co., Ltd. paid 150 million yen to secure his release.
  • 2000 - Hokkaido's Mount Usu erupts for the first time in 23 years.
  • 2001 - Universal Studios opens a theme park in Osaka.

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