Japanese cruiser Nachi
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| Career |  |
|---|---|
| Ordered: | 1923 |
| Laid down: | November 26, 1924 |
| Launched: | June 15, 1927 |
| Commissioned: | November 28, 1928 |
| Fate: | Sunk November 5, 1944 |
| Struck: | January 20, 1945[1] |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 13,300 tons |
| Length: | 201.70 m (661 ft 9 in) |
| Beam: | 20.73 m (68 ft 0 in) |
| Draught: | 6.32 m (20 ft 9 in) |
| Propulsion: | 4-shaft geared turbines, 12 boilers, 130,000 shp |
| Speed: | 67 km/h (36 kts) |
| Range: | 8,000 nm at 14 kts |
| Complement: | 773 |
| Armour: | Main belt 100 mm (4 in), main deck 37 mm (1⅜ in), turrets 25 mm (1 in), barbettes 75 mm (3 in) |
| Armament: | 10 × 203 mm (8 in) guns (5×2), 6 × 120 mm (4.7 in) (-1934) or 8 × 127 mm (5 in) (1935-) guns; 2 × 13 mm machine guns 12 × 610 mm (24 in) torpedo tubes[2] |
| Aircraft: | 2 |
Nachi (那智?) was the second of the four-member Myōkō class of heavy cruiser of the Imperial Japanese Navy—the other ships of the class being Myōkō, Ashigara, and Haguro. She was named after a mountain in Wakayama Prefecture.
The ships of this class displaced 13,300 tons, were 201 m (661 ft) long, and were capable of 36 kt (67 km/h). They carried two aircraft and their main armament was ten 203 mm (8 in) guns in five twin turrets. At the time they were built, this was the heaviest armament of any cruiser class in the world.
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[edit] Service History
Nachi was laid down at the Kure Naval Arsenal on 26 November 1924, launched and named on 15 June 1927, and was commissioned into the Imperial Navy on 26 November 1928. Her service in the Second World War started in the Dutch East Indies, where she engaged the enemy off Makassar on 8 February 1942. She played a key role in the battle of the Java Sea on 27 February 1942,and was involved in the sinking of HMS Exeter and HMS Encounter in another action off south Borneo on 1 March 1942.
Nachi then moved to the Aleutian Islands where she was engaged in the diversionary attack on the islands on 3 June 1942; she was back in the Aleutians when she was damaged on 26 March 1943 in the battle of the Komandorski Islands, and was engaged in an action at Kiska in July 1943. By October 1944 she was in the Philippines where she was damaged in the Battle of Surigao Strait on 25 October 1944.
[edit] Fate
She was finally sunk by aircraft from USS Lexington and Ticonderoga in Manila Bay on 5 November 1944. Of the crew, 807 were lost, including the captain; 220 survived. Its flag commander, Vice Admiral Shima Kiyohide, was not among them; he was ashore when Task Force 38 struck.
The Nachi was attacked by three enemy aircraft waves and hit least nine times with torpedoes as well as rockets. The Nachi was broken by two big explosions into three parts and sank in middle of a large oil slick.
John Prados, in his book, Combined Fleet Decoded, writes that a major intelligence coup was the finding of a large set of code documents on tables and in drawers in the wreckage by U.S. Navy divers. They were surprised that the documents were not even in a safe. It was important because Nachi was flagship of the Second Striking Force at the time. Early Japanese radar equipment was also recovered.
The original wartime caption of a picture taken of the sinking Nachi by Lexington aircraft reads,
| “ | Note by target coordinator: We circled down to 20 feet to make sure there were absolutely no survivors. Fifteen or twenty oily figures were served with .50-caliber just to make sure.[3] | ” |
[edit] Commanding Officers
Chief Equipping Officer - Capt. Yoshiyuki Niiyama - 10 September 1928 - 26 November 1928
Capt. Yoshiyuki Niiyama - 26 November 1928 - 30 November 1929
Capt. Jiro Onishi - 30 November 1929 - 1 December 1930
Capt. Noboru Hirata - 1 December 1930 - 1 December 1931
Capt. Hiroyoshi Tabata - 1 December 1931 - 1 December 1932
Capt. Yoshinosuke Owada - 1 December 1932 - 15 November 1933
Capt. Fuchina Iwaihara - 15 November 1933 - 15 November 1934
Capt. Marquis Teruhisa Komatsu - 15 November 1934 - 2 December 1935
Capt. Michitaro Totsuka - 2 December 1935 - 16 November 1936
Capt. Ryozo Fukuda - 16 November 1936 - 1 December 1937
Capt. Kanki Iwagoe - 1 December 1937 - 10 October 1939
Capt. Tsutomu Sato - 10 October 1939 - 15 November 1939
Capt. Sukeyoshi Yatsushiro - 15 November 1939 - 15 November 1940
Capt. Tamotsu Takama - 15 November 1940 - 20 August 1941
Capt. / RADM Takahiko Kiyota - 20 August 1941 - 16 November 1942 (Promoted to Rear Admiral on 1 November 1942.)
Capt. Akira Soji - 16 November 1942 - 10 September 1943
Capt. Shiro Shibuya - 10 September 1943 - 20 August 1944
Capt. / RADM* Enpei Kanooka - 20 August 1944 - 5 November 1944 (KIA)
[edit] References
[edit] Books
- D'Albas, Andrieu (1965). Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II. Devin-Adair Pub. ISBN 0-8159-5302-X.
- Dull, Paul S. (1978). A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1941-1945. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-097-1.
- Lacroix, Eric; Linton Wells (1997). Japanese Cruisers of the Pacific War. Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-311-3.
[edit] External links
- Parshall, Jon; Bob Hackett, Sander Kingsepp, & Allyn Nevitt. Imperial Japanese Navy Page (Combinedfleet.com). Retrieved on 2006-06-14.
- Nachi tabular record of movement during WWII
[edit] Notes
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