Janet Reno
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| Janet Reno | |
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| In office March 11, 1993 – January 20, 2001 |
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| Preceded by | William Barr |
| Succeeded by | John Ashcroft |
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| Born | July 21, 1938 Miami, Florida |
| Political party | Democratic |
Janet Reno (born July 21, 1938) was the first and to date only female Attorney General of the United States (1993–2001).[1] She was nominated by President Bill Clinton on February 11, 1993, and confirmed on March 11. She was the second longest serving Attorney General after William Wirt.
She is the sister of columnist Robert Reno, and aunt to model Hunter Reno. She was one of two Danish Americans in the cabinet, the other being Lloyd Bentsen.
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[edit] Biography
Reno's father, Henry Reno (original surname Rasmussen), immigrated to the United States from Denmark and for forty-three years was a police reporter for the Miami Herald.[2] Jane Wood, Reno's mother, raised her children and then became an investigative reporter for the Miami News.[2] Janet Reno has three younger siblings.
Reno attended public school in Miami-Dade County, Florida, where she was a debating champion and was valedictorian at Coral Gables High School. In 1956 Reno enrolled at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, where she majored in chemistry,[3] lived in Balch Hall, became president of the Women's Self-Government Association, and earned her room and board.
Reno enrolled at Harvard Law School in 1960, one of only sixteen women in a class of more than 500 students. She received her LL.B. from Harvard three years later.[4]
Reno was named staff director of the Judiciary Committee of the Florida House of Representatives in 1971. She helped revise the Florida court system. In 1973 she accepted a position with the Dade County State's Attorney's Office. During this time, questions about Reno's sexual orientation became a major part of Republican opponent Jack Thompson's campaign against her, who demanded to know her sexual orientation.[5] She left the state's attorney's office in 1976 to become a partner in a private law firm.[6]
In 1978, Reno was appointed State Attorney for Dade County (now called Miami-Dade County). She was elected to the Office of State Attorney in November 1978 and was returned to office by the voters four more times. She helped reform the juvenile justice system and pursued delinquent fathers for child support payments and established the Miami Drug Court.[7]
During her time in Dade County, she was the lead prosecutor in a police brutality case. She was unable to convict any of the four officers charged with beating Arthur McDuffie in 1979.
Reno has been criticized for her prosecutions of alleged sexual abusers during this time, which have been described as a "crusade"[8] involving the "manipulative questioning" of child witnesses.[9] She was involved in the prosecution of Bobby Fijnje, a 14-year old accused of Satanic ritual abuse who was eventually acquitted.[10]
In 1995, Reno was diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease.[11]
[edit] Attorney General Nomination
In 1993, Reno was nominated and confirmed as the first female Attorney General under Bill Clinton, after both of his previous nominees, Zoe Baird and Kimba Wood, had confirmation problems when it was revealed both had previously employed illegal immigrants as nannies. Reno remained Attorney General for the rest of Clinton's presidency, making her the longest-serving Attorney General since William Wirt in 1829.
While Clinton could steer a middle ground between his Democratic supporters and the Republican Congress on monetary issues, Reno's job was at the center of a variety of intractable cultural conflicts. This made her a lightning rod for criticism of the Clinton Administration from the right, who often perceived the federal government as a threat to their fundamental freedoms.
[edit] At the Justice Department
Reno supervised the following Department of Justice actions:
- The month-long standoff and ensuing deaths of more than 80 men, women, and children--the Branch Davidians--in Waco, Texas.
- Bringing suit against the software company Microsoft for violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act.
- Prosecution resulting in the conviction of 21 of the Montana Freemen after an 81 day armed standoff.
- Capture and conviction of Theodore Kaczynski, the Unabomber.
- Capture and conviction of Timothy McVeigh and Terry Nichols for the Oklahoma City bombing.
- Capture and conviction of those who conducted the World Trade Center bombing (resulting in life-sentences of Sheik Omar Abdel-Rahman and 4 conspirators)
- Leak to the news media regarding Richard Jewell that led to the widespread and incorrect presumption of his guilt in the Centennial Olympic Park bombing. She later apologized, saying "I'm very sorry it happened. I think we owe him an apology. I regret the leak." [12]
- Identification of the correct suspect (Eric Rudolph) in the Centennial Olympic Park bombing and other bombings, who remained a fugitive throughout her tenure.
- Capture and conviction of Mir Aimal Kasi for the 1993 CIA headquarters shootings.
- Armed seizure of six-year-old Elián González who had survived the dangerous trip by sea with his mother (who died) and his return to his surviving parent in Cuba, despite the desire of relatives in Florida to become his guardians.
- In 1998, the House Government Reform and Oversight Committee voted to cite Reno for contempt of Congress for not turning over documents during the impeachment of President Bill Clinton.[13] The full House of Representatives never voted on the resolution and the documents were turned over to the House.
- Her Assistant Attorney General of the Civil Division, David William Ogden, led a lawsuit against the tobacco companies
[edit] Post-political life
Reno ran for Governor of Florida in 2002, but lost in the Democratic primary to Bill McBride. Voting problems arose in the election, and she did not concede defeat until a week later.[14] She has since retired from public life but frequently makes guest appearances for Democratic and other political causes.
After her tenure as attorney general and her unsuccessful gubernatorial election bid, Reno tours the country giving speeches on topics relating to the criminal justice system. For example, on March 31, 2006, she spoke at a criminology conference held at the University of Pennsylvania. At this conference, she stated that she believes that the education system in the USA country needs to be improved, as there is a link between the quality of education and the crime rate. She also believes that too much money has been diverted away from the juvenile court system and believes that the government should find some way to make the juvenile courts work effectively so as to prevent problems in troubled children and adolescents before these problems are exacerbated by the time these adolescents reach adulthood.[15][16]
In 2001, Reno appeared alongside Will Ferrell on Saturday Night Live in the final installment of the recurring sketch "Janet Reno's Dance Party".[17] In another television appearance, on a 2007 Super Bowl XLI TV commercial, Janet Reno was among the guests at Chad Johnson's Super Bowl party.[18]
Reno is also curating a compilation of old-time American songs performed by contemporary artists called the "Song of America."[19]
Reno also serves on the Board of Directors for the Innocence Project, a nonprofit organization which assists prisoners who could be exonerated through DNA testing.
[edit] Sources
- This article incorporates text from the Department of Justice website, which is in the public domain.
- Miami New Times on Reno's controversial sexual abuse prosecution
[edit] References
- ^ Biographies of the Attorneys General
- ^ a b "Janet Reno: From Waco to Elian", BBC News, 2004-04-14.
- ^ "Janet Reno will speak at Florida Southern tonight", Scripps Howard News Service, 2001-09-27.
- ^ Attorneys General of the United States. US Department of Justice. Retrieved on 2008-01-05.
- ^ Vick, Karl. "Stigma of a middle-aged, single woman Series", St. Petersburg Times.
- ^ Von Drehle, Dave. "AFTER ROCKY START, RENO IS ROCK SOLID", Miami Herald, 1988-01-24.
- ^ Booth, William. "Miami `Drug Court' Demonstrates Reno's Unorthodox Approach", Washington Post, 1993-02-20.
- ^ The Child Terror
- ^ Planting Ominous Seeds In the Minds of Children, reviewed by Walter Goodman for the New York Times
- ^ An Examination of Assumed Properties of Child Sexual Abuse Based on Nonclinical Samples: Conclusion
- ^ Thomas, Pierre. "Attorney General Janet Reno Diagnosed With Parkinson's", Washington Post, 1995-11-17.
- ^ Reno to Jewell: 'I regret the leak' (July 31, 1997)
- ^ "CONTEMPT?", PBS, 1998-08-06.
- ^ Roig-Franzia, Manuel. "Reno Concedes Defeat in Fla. Primary", Washington Post, 2002-09-18.
- ^ Department of Criminology News. University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved on 2008-01-05.
- ^ Simon, Stephanie. "Reno: Focus on science of preventing crimes", Daily Pennsylvanian]], 2006-04-03.
- ^ SNL Archives | Impression
- ^ Chad Johnson's Super Bowl Party - NFL - Viral Videos - SPIKE
- ^ Pitchfork: Devendra, Andrew Bird, Danielson on Janet Reno Comp
[edit] External links
| Preceded by William Barr |
United States Attorney General 1993–2001 |
Succeeded by John Ashcroft |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Reno, Janet |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Former Attorney General of the United States |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 21, 1938 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Miami, Florida, United States |
| DATE OF DEATH | |
| PLACE OF DEATH | |
