Jan Kalivoda

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Jan Václav Kalivoda
Jan Václav Kalivoda

Jan Křtitel Václav Kalivoda (Johann Baptist Wenzel Kalliwoda in German) (February 21, 1801 – December 3, 1866), was a composer, conductor and violinist of Bohemian birth.

Contents

[edit] Life

Kalivoda was born in Prague in 1801 and as early as 1811 started studying violin and composition at the Prague Conservatory. He made his debut as a violinist at the age of 14. Upon completion of his studies he became a member of the Prague Opera Orchestra. His diploma from the Conservatory read "Excellent player solo or in an orchestra...shows great talent in composition." More prosperous tours as a violinist, for instance to Linz and Munich, followed.

Kalivoda lived what appears to have been a stable, hardworking musical life. For over forty years, from 1822 to 1865, he held the post of conductor on the court of Prince Karl Egon II of Fürstenberg and his successor in Donaueschingen (where the Danube begins in the Black Forest). His duties there included not only the writing of and care for the music of the court and church, of music for the church, but also the management and conducting of a choir, and annual musical journeys for education. These manifold responsibilities may have foreshortened his life. In any case, he went into retirement in 1865, and a year later he died, of a heart attack in Karlsruhe.

His son Wilhelm Kalliwoda (1827-1893) continued his father's career, and worked as Kapellmeister for the Baden court in Karlsruhe, also composing (an Impromptu for piano was published as his opus 3 in Leipzig in 1854 ). During the 1850s he is mentioned by Alan Walker as a conductor at the Lower Rhine Festival.

[edit] Music

Kalliwoda was a highly prolific composer, and was held in high regard during his lifetime by such eminent contemporaries as Robert Schumann. In all, his works number in the hundreds, of which there are about 250 works or sets of works with opus numbers.

His compositions included operas, symphonies, concert overtures -- one of them, commissioned for the occasion, was used to open the first concert, in 1842, of the New York Philharmonic ([1]) -- as well as music for piano, piano concertos, concertinos for violin and for oboe, music for the church, lieder, choral music and various other vocal and instrumental works.

[edit] Selected works

  • Symphony No. 1 in F minor op. 7 (around 1825 ) [1]
  • Polonaise for violin with piano or orchestral accompaniment, no. 1, op. 8 (published in Bronsvic by Spehr about 1828). Exists also in version for string quartet.) [1] [2]
  • Polonaise for piano (two or four hands) (same work?) also op. 8 (published about 1830 by Bronsvic : Meyer) [1]
  • Violin concerto No. 1 in E op. 9 (published by Breitkopf und Härtel about 1828) [1] [3]
  • Variations brillantes für 2 Violinen und Orchester op. 14 (published 1829) [1]
  • Concertino for violin with piano or orchestral accompaniment, op. 15
  • Grand rondeau: pour le piano avec accompagnement de l'orchestre, op. 16 [1]
  • Symphony No. 2 in E♭ major, op. 17 (1829) [4]
  • Concertante(?) for two violins with orchestra or piano, op. 20 [3]
  • Variations brillantes for violin op. 22 [5]
  • Trois Grandes Marches pour le Piano à quatre mains op. 26 [6]
  • Divertissement in F major pour le Piano à quatre mains op. 28 [6]
  • Second concertino for violin (with piano or orchestra) in A op. 30 (around 1830) [1]
  • Symphony No. 3 in D minor op. 32 (published around 1831) [1] [2] (score reviewed April 4 1832 in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, pp. 221-224)[7]
  • Second Potpourri for violin and piano or orchestra in D op. 36 (published around 1833) [1] [2]
  • Grand rondeau: pour le violon avec accompagnement d'orchestre ou de pianoforte, op. 37 (published 1833) [1] [2]
  • Overture No. 1 in D minor op. 38 (published by 1832) [1] [2]
  • Grande fantaisie sur des motifs de l’opéra Fra Diavo(e)lo , op. 41 [5]
  • Overture No. 2 op. 44 (published by 1830) [1]
  • Second Polonaise for Violin with Orchestral accompaniment op. 45 [5]
  • Introduction and rondo for horn and orchestra op. 51 (published around 1834) [1]
  • Divertimento for flute with piano or orchestra accompaniment op. 52 (about 1833) [1]
  • Overture No. 3 in C op. 55 (published by 1835) [1] [5]
  • Festival Overture (Fourth Concert Overture) in E major op. 56 (published by 1835) [1] [3]
  • Variations and rondo for bassoon and orchestra. op. 57 (modern edition published 1976) [1]
  • Divertimento for oboe and orchestra op. 58 (published by 1835) [1]
  • Divertimento for two horns and orchestra op. 59 (republished by Edition Kunzelmann in 1981)
  • Symphony No. 4 in C op. 60 (1836) [4] [8]
  • String quartet no. 1 in E minor op. 61
  • String quartet no. 2 in A major op. 62 (published by Amadeus-Verlag in Winterthur, Switzerland in 1999)
  • Two duos for two violins op. 70 [1]
  • Introduction, variations et rondeau pour le piano-forte avec accompagnement d’orchestre op. 71 [5]
  • Third concertino for violin (with piano or orchestra) op. 72 (about 1840) [1]
  • Variations brillantes sur un thème original pour le violon avec accompagnement d'orchestre ou de pianoforte, op. 73 (about 1835) [1]
  • Fifth Overture for Orchestra in D op. 76 (published 1838) [2]
  • Six songs for alto or bass with piano accompaniment op. 79 [5]
  • Introduction et rondeau facile pour le piano-forte avec accompagnement de 2 violons, viola et violoncelle (or orchestra), op. 82 [6] [9]
  • Variations concertantes (or Concerto) (for two violins with orchestral or piano accompaniment) op. 83, published around 1840 [1] [5]
  • Sixth Overture for Orchestra in E♭ op. 85 (first published 1839?) ("composée et dédiée à monsieur L. Spohr") [2] [3]
  • Six new études or caprices for violin op. 87. [5]
  • Variations brillantes for violin and piano quintet op. 89. [5]
  • String quartet no. 3 in G major op. 90 (Moderato - Scherzo (Vivace in G minor) - Adagio (E♭ major) - Allegretto grazioso (G major)) (published by Peters in 1830) [2][10]
  • Six songs for various voice ranges with piano accompaniment op. 99 (published by Peters around 1865) [3]
  • Fourth concertino for violin (with piano or orchestra) in C op. 100 (1841) [2]
  • Seventh Overture for orchestra in C minor op. 101, dedicated "a la Société du Concert d'Euterpe a Leipzig" [1] [2] (by 1840)
  • Symphony No. 5 in B minor op. 106 (published by Peters in 1841) [2]
  • Introduction, romance et rondeau pour le violon op. 107 [5]
  • Eighth Overture, "Overture pastorale", in A major op. 108 [2]
  • Introduction and rondo for two violins accompanied by piano or orchestra, op. 109 (published about 1843) [11]
  • Concertino for Oboe and Orchestra op. 110 (modern edition published 1974) [1]
  • Heimathlied (Homesong) for soprano, clarinet and piano, op. 117 [11]
  • Introduction et variations brillantes sun un thème origianl pour le violon, op. 118 [5]
  • First grand trio concertante in F minor for piano forte, violin & violoncello, op. 121 (composed 1842; pub. Dresden: G.Paul, 1844) [2] [12]
  • Fantasie for Violin with Orchestra or Piano in E op. 125 [2] [3]
  • Ouverture Solennelle (ninth overture) op. 126 (published by 1845) [1]
  • Introduction and variations for clarinet and orchestra op. 128 [11]
  • Variations de concert for piano quartet op. 129 (published around 1844) [5]
  • Second grand trio in B♭, op. 130 (composed 1844; published Leipzig: C.F. Peters, 1845 - publication date not in score but obtained from New Grove) [6] [13]
  • Symphony No. 6 in F major op. 132 (published 1845) [1]
  • Fifth concertino for violin and orchestra or piano in A op. 133 (published 1844) [2] [3]
  • Third Divertissement for Violin and Orchestra op. 134 [5]
  • Grande Sonate in G minor pour le Piano à quatre mains op. 135 (recorded [6])
  • Mass in A major op. 137 (four solo voices, chorus, and orchestra) (published in 1846) [1]
  • Tenth concert overture in F minor op. 142 (by 1845) [1] [2] [3]
  • Eleventh concert overture op. 143 [3]
  • Twelfth concert overture in D major op. 145 (Leipzig: Peters, by 1849) [1] [3] [8]
  • Sixth concertino for violin and orchestra or piano op. 151 [3]
  • Three duos for two violins op. 152 [3]
  • Piano Sonata in E♭ major op. 176 [6]
  • Drei Duos für Zwei Violen op. 178 (Edition Peters Nr. 9082)
  • Three Duos for two violins op. 179 [9]
  • Three Songs for Alto or Baritone op. 182 [3]
  • Six Nocturnes for Viola and Piano op. 186 (Republished by Kalmus in 2003)
  • Third grand trio in E♭ major, op. 200 (composed 1855) [8][12]
  • Fantasy in F major for viola and piano op. 204 [2]
  • Concert-Overture No. 14 in C minor op. 206 (published 1855) [1]
  • Duets for violin and viola op. 208 [8]
  • Overture No. 15 op. 226 [5]
  • Morceaux de Salon for Oboe and Piano op. 228 (modern edition published 2001) [1]
  • Morceau de Salon for Clarinet and Piano op. 229 (modern edition published Winterthur: Amadeus-Verlag in 2002.) [1]
  • Morceau de Salon for Bassoon and Piano op. 230 [5]
  • Four "Deutsche Chöre" for Men's Voices op. 233 [3]
  • Overture no. 16 in A minor op. 238
  • Overture no. 17 op. 242 (around 1860) [1]
  • Two songs for harmonium and piano op. 250 [1]
  • Symphony no. 7 in G minor (woO) [14]
  • ”Die Audienz” (Allegorical (Festive) Drama)
  • ”Prinzessin Christine” (Opera in 3 Acts)
  • ”Billibambuffs Hochzeitsreise zum Orcus und Olymp” (Fastnachtsspiel, a manner of Burlesque popular in the 15th century)
  • ”Blanda, die silberne Birke” (Opera in 3 Acts) [5]
  • Concertino for flute, oboe and orchestra in F major [11] [5]
  • Mass in A minor (unaccompanied SATB chorus, not op. 137 which is in A major, and with orchestra) (published by Carus-Verlag in Stuttgart in 1999)
  • Mass in G major (WoO VI/5) "per coro SAM" (ed. László Strauß-Németh) published by Stuttgart: Carus-Verlag in 2003. [1]
  • Mass in F major (WoO VI/3) (coro SATB) (ed. László Strauß-Németh) [11] (published by Stuttgart: Carus-Verlag in 2006.)
  • Serenade for flute, oboe, horn, bassoon and guitar [5]

[edit] Significance

Kalliwoda "represents a sort of symphonic 'missing link' between Beethoven and Schumann," writes the critic David Hurwitz, founder of Classics Today. "His melodic appeal and rhythmic energy undoubtedly have something to do with his Czech roots...but he also had a genuine understanding of symphonic development and real contrapuntal skill." Hurwitz observes that "as the predominance of minor keys suggests, his music has passion and an emotional depth that recalls Beethoven without ever descending into mere imitation. Part of the reason for his distinctiveness stems from his skill at orchestration."...The symphonic music of Kalliwoda is "thrilling, and it strikingly anticipates or echoes so much of 19th century music--from Berlioz to Dvorák to Wagner, and even Sibelius..."[2]

[edit] Selected discography

  • Kalliwoda: Overture No. 12; Introduction & Variations for clarinet & orchestra; Introduction & Rondo for horn & orchestra; Symphony No. 3. Performed by Dieter Klöcker (clarinet) & Radovan Vlatkovic (horn) with the Hamburg Symphony conducted by Johannes Moesus. MDG 329 1387-2
  • Kalliwoda: Symphonies Nos. 5 & 6. Performed by the Hofkapelle Stuttgart conducted by Frieder Bernius. Orfeo C 677 061
  • Kalliwoda: Symphonies Nos. 5 & 7; Overture No. 16. Performed by Das Neue Orchester conducted by Christoph Spering. CPO 777 139-2
  • String Quartets 1-3 opp. 61, 62 and 90. The Talich Quartet. 2006. Calliope 9357. [15] [16]

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Gateway Bayern Login OPAC. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Koninklijke Bibliotheek, National Library of the Netherlands. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Brno Library OPAC. Retrieved on 2007-08-19.
  4. ^ a b Kalivoda, Jan; Knecht, Johann Heinrich; Wilms, Johann Wilhelm; Höhnen, Heinz Werner; Klusen, Ernst; Fenske, David E. (David Edward), eds. (1984). Symphony, 1720-1840. Series C. v. 13. New York: Garland Publishing. ISBN 0-8240-3843-6. 
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Library of Congress OPAC. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Burgmüller Kalliwoda Page. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
  7. ^ Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, 1832 edition at Google Book Search
  8. ^ a b c d River Campus Libraries Rochester OPAC. Retrieved on 2007-08-24.
  9. ^ a b Union Catalogue of the Czech Republic (CASLIN). Retrieved on 2007-08-24.
  10. ^ (1830). "Downloadable Parts to Kalivoda Third String Quartet from University of Rochester Collection" (PDF). . C. F. Peters Retrieved on 2007-11-29.
  11. ^ a b c d e New York Public Library Research Libraries. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.
  12. ^ a b Trio Repertoire:K. Altenberg-Trio. Retrieved on 2007-11-29.
  13. ^ Hollis Harvard Library OPAC. Retrieved on 2007-08-20.
  14. ^ MusicWeb Review of cpo Recording of Symphonies 5 and 7. Retrieved on 2007-09-16.
  15. ^ Classics Today Review of Talich Quartet Kalivoda Recording. Retrieved on 2007-08-19.
  16. ^ Calliope Homepage Entry for Kalivoda Quartet Recording. Retrieved on 2007-08-19.

[edit] External links