James H. Bronson

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James H. Bronson
1838 – March 16, 1884
Image:Replace this image male.svg
James H. Bronson, Medal of Honor recipient
Place of birth Indiana County, Pennsylvania
Allegiance Union
Service/branch Union Army
Years of service 1863-1865
Rank First Sergeant
Unit 5th U.S. Colored Infantry Regiment
Battles/wars American Civil War
*Battle of Chaffin's Farm
Awards Medal of Honor

James H. Bronson (1838 – March 16, 1884) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War and a recipient of America's highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor.

Contents

[edit] Biography

Bronson was born into slavery in Indiana County, Pennsylvania; it is unknown when he gained his freedom. He enlisted in the Army from Trumbull County, Ohio, on August 3, 1863, at age 24 or 25.[1]. He joined as a private into Company D of the 5th U.S. Colored Infantry Regiment.[2]

By the Battle of Chaffin's Farm on 29 September 1864, he had risen to the rank of first sergeant.[3] Bronson's regiment was among a division of black troops assigned to attack the center of the Confederate defenses at New Market Heights. The defenses consisted of two lines of abatis, the first made up of felled trees and the second of chevaux de frise, followed by one line of palisades manned by Brigadier General John Gregg's Texas Brigade. The attack was met with intense Confederate fire and stalled after reaching a line of abatis. Many of the regiment's officers had been killed or wounded in the charge, including the regimental commander and all of Company D's officers. Bronson took command of Company D, rallied the men, and led a renewed attack against the Confederate lines. They successfully broke through the abatis and palisades and captured the Confederate positions after hand to hand combat with the defenders.[2] For his actions during the battle, Bronson was awarded the Medal of Honor seven months later, on 6 April 1865.[3]

After the end of the war, the 5th Regiment was stationed in North Carolina, where Bronson's service was marred by disciplinary problems. He was imprisoned at Fort Totten on June 20, 1865 for unknown reasons. He was again in custody, this time for desertion, a day before he and the rest of the 5th Regiment were mustered out on September 20, 1865 in Carolina City.[2]

Bronson died at age 45 or 46 and was buried in Chartiers Cemetery, Carnegie, Pennsylvania.[2]

[edit] Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: First Sergeant, Company D, 5th U.S. Colored Troops. Place and date: At Chapins Farm, Va., 29 September 1864. Entered service at: Delaware County, Ohio. Birth: Indiana County, Pa. Date of issue: 6 April 1865.[3]

Citation:

Took command of his company, all the officers having been killed or wounded, and gallantly led it.[3]

[edit] See also

United States Army Portal
American Civil War Portal

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Bronson's citation incorrectly gives his place of enlistment as Delaware County, Ohio.
  2. ^ a b c d Hanna, pp. 19-20
  3. ^ a b c d Civil War Medal of Honor Recipients (A-L)

[edit] References

  • Hanna, Charles W. (2002). African American recipients of the Medal of Honor: a biographical dictionary, Civil War through Vietnam War. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, pp. 19-20. ISBN 0-7864-1355-7. 

[edit] External links