James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury
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James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd Marquess of Salisbury (17 April 1791 – 12 April 1868) was an English Conservative politician. He was known by the courtesy title Viscount Cranborne before 1823.
He entered the House of Commons in 1813 as a Member of Parliament for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, and later sat for Hertford before succeeding to the marquessate in 1823. He served in two of Lord Derby's governments, first as Lord Privy Seal (1852) and later as Lord President of the Council (1858 – 1859). He was made a Knight of the Garter in 1842.
He was married twice. His first marriage was on 2 February 1821 to Frances Mary Gascoyne (c. 1806 - 15 October 1839), daughter of Bamber Gascoyne (Lord of the Manor of Childwell Hall) and his wife Sarah Price. She was also the paternal granddaughter of Bamber Gascoyne and wife Mary Green (whose parents Isaac Green and Mary Aspinwall were Americans). The couple had six children including:
- Blanche Mary Harriet ( - 1872) mother of Arthur Balfour
- Robert (1830 - 1903), who succeeded him as third marquess, and was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom three times between 1885 and 1902.
His second marriage on 29 April 1847 was to Mary Catherine Sackville-West (daughter of the 5th Earl de la Warr and Lady Elizabeth Sackville, Baroness Buckhurst), with whom he had five children.
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Sir John Murray Thomas Wallace John Broadhurst Henry Trail |
Member of Parliament for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis with John Murray Masterton Ure Christopher Idle 1813–1817 |
Succeeded by John Murray Masterton Ure Christopher Idle Adolphus Dalrymple |
| Preceded by Edward Cowper Nicolson Calvert |
Member of Parliament for Hertford with Nicolson Calvert 1817–1823 |
Succeeded by Nicolson Calvert Thomas Byron |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by The Earl of Minto |
Lord Privy Seal 1852 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Argyll |
| Preceded by The Earl Granville |
Lord President of the Council 1858–1859 |
Succeeded by The Earl Granville |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by The Duke of Portland |
Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex 1841–1868 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Wellington |
| Peerage of Great Britain | ||
| Preceded by James Cecil |
Marquess of Salisbury 1823–1868 |
Succeeded by Robert Cecil |
