James Abourezk
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| James George Abourezk | |
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| In office January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1979 |
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| Preceded by | Karl E. Mundt |
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| Succeeded by | Larry Pressler |
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| In office January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973 |
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| Preceded by | E. Y. Berry |
| Succeeded by | James Abdnor |
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Chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs
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| In office January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979 |
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| Preceded by | None Joseph C. O'Mahoney in 1947 (Senate Committee on Indian Affairs) |
| Succeeded by | John Melcher |
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| Born | February 24, 1931 Wood, South Dakota |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Alma mater | University of South Dakota, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology |
James George Abourezk (born February 24, 1931) was a Democratic United States Representative and United States Senator, and was the first Arab-American to serve in the United States Senate. He represented South Dakota in the U.S. Senate from 1973 until 1979.
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[edit] Early life
Born to Christian Lebanese parents, who had emigrated from the southern Lebanese village of EI-Kfeir , Abourezk was born in Wood, South Dakota and lived in South Dakota most of his life. Between 1948 and 1952, he served in the United States Navy during the Korean War. Back in the U.S., he received a degree in civil engineering from South Dakota School of Mines in Rapid City, South Dakota in 1961, and then earned an advanced degree from University of South Dakota School of Law in Vermillion in 1966. He passed the bar, and began a legal practice in Rapid City.
[edit] Political career
He was elected as a Democrat to the House of Representatives, and served from 1971 to 1973. He then was elected to the U.S. Senate, where he served until 1979.
As a senator, he criticized the Office of Public Safety (OPS), a U.S. agency linked to the USAID and the CIA that provided training to foreign police forces. He also was the chair of the Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs and of the American Indian Policy Review Commission. Abourezk was an early supporter of the National initiative and with fellow Senator Mark O. Hatfield (R-OR) introducted an amendment allowing more direct democracy. However, this initiative failed.
In 1978, Abourezk chose not chose not to run for reelection.
[edit] Advocacy
In 1980, Abourezk founded the American-Arab Anti Discrimination Committee, a grassroots civil rights organization. In 1989, he wrote Advise and Dissent: Memoirs of South Dakota and the U.S. Senate (ISBN 1-55652-066-2) and he is the co-author of "Through Different Eyes: Two Leading Americans — a Jew and an Arab — Debate U. S. Policy in the Middle East."
Abourezk now works as a lawyer and writer in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
[edit] Views on the Arab-Israeli conflict
[edit] Hamas and Hezbollah
In an interview with Counterpunch on April 16, 2006, Abourezk called the groups Hamas and Hezbollah "resistance fighters". [1] He repeated this statement in a 2007 interview on Hezbollah's Al Manar television network and stated that that he "marveled at the Hezbollah resistance to Israel. ... It was a marvel of organization, of courage and bravery [2]. He has consistently likened the actions of Hezbollah and Hamas leaders to the actions conducted by distinguished Israelis like Menachem Begin and Yitzhak Shamir, who led terrorist organisations (Begin was head of Irgun, Shamir was head of the Stern Gang) in the terrorist war for Israeli independence throughout the 1940s.[3]
[edit] U.S. support for Israel
In the Counterpunch interview, Abourezk also argued that America's support of Israel endures because "the Congress is pretty much reliant on money from radical Zionists".[1]
He reiterated this statement in an editorial for Electronic Intifada on July 30, 2006, where he wrote:
...the U.S. Congress is despicable in its silence. They are all bought off by the Israel lobby and are afraid to criticize. If this were happening in any other country by any other country, there would be speeches on the floor of Congress, legislation introduced to stop aid and other help to whomever would be committing this cruelty. But since their campaign money comes from the Israeli lobby, we hear only silence.[4]
In a letter dated December 2006, Abourezk wrote:
"I can tell you from personal experience that, at least in the Congress, the support Israel has in that body is based completely on political fear—fear of defeat by anyone who does not do what Israel wants done. I can also tell you that very few members of Congress—at least when I served there—have any affection for Israel or for its Lobby. What they have is contempt, but it is silenced by fear of being found out exactly how they feel. I’ve heard too many cloakroom conversations in which members of the Senate will voice their bitter feelings about how they’re pushed around by the Lobby to think otherwise. In private one hears the dislike of Israel and the tactics of the Lobby, but not one of them is willing to risk the Lobby’s animosity by making their feelings public...
I see no desire on the part of Members of Congress to further any U.S. imperial dreams by using Israel as their pit bull. The only exceptions to that rule is the feelings of Jewish members, who, I believe, are sincere in their efforts to keep U.S. money flowing to Israel.
I believe that divestment, and especially cutting off U.S. aid to Israel would immediately result in Israel’s giving up the West Bank and leaving the Gaza to the Palestinians. Such pressure would work, I think, because the Israeli public would be able to determine what is causing their misery and would demand that an immediate peace agreement be made with the Palestinians."[5]
In an August 30, 2007 interview on the Hezbullah TV network Al-Manar, as translated by MEMRI, Abourezk stated that "the Arabs who were involved in 9/11 cooperated with the Zionists. It was a cooperation. They gave them the perfect excuse to denounce all Arabs."[2] Abourezk also repeated his view that a pro-Israel lobby is "controlling the Congress" and also called Alan Dershowitz a "snake."[2]
| Preceded by E. Y. Berry |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Dakota's 2nd congressional district 1971–1973 |
Succeeded by James Abdnor |
| Preceded by Karl E. Mundt |
United States Senator (Class 2) from South Dakota 1973–1979 Served alongside: George McGovern |
Succeeded by Larry Pressler |
[edit] References
[edit] External links
- Congressional biography
- American-Arab Anti Discrimination Committee official website
- Interview with Counterpunch, April 16, 2006
- Editorial by Abourezk in the Electronic Intifada
- Letter by Abourezk entited "Yes, It's the Lobby: "Political Fear" Drives US Support for Israel"
- MEMRI TV video of Hezbollah TV interview
- MEMRI Transcript of Hezbollah TV interview
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| Persondata | |
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| NAME | Abourezk, James George |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | South Dakota politician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 24, 1931 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Wood, South Dakota |
| DATE OF DEATH | living |
| PLACE OF DEATH | none |
