Jame' Mosque of Borujerd
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The Jāmé Mosque of Borujerd' (مسجد جامع بروجرد masjed jāme or masjed jom'a in formal Persian and maččed jomma namely Friday Mosque in Borujerdi Dialect) is the oldest mosque in Zagros area and western Iran. This beautiful mosque is located in the old district of Borujerd city previously called Do Dangeh. Jame Mosque of Borujerd was built on an ancient fire-temple of the pre-Islamic Sassanid dynasty.
The construction of this mosque is attributed to a certain Hamuyeh, or Hamuleh, said to have been appointed by the Abi-Dolaf rulers as the governor of Borujerd in the 3rd century A.H. [9th c. A. D]. Judging by the evidences, continuous works of construction, reconstruction and restoration within the perimeter of the Ja’me mosque of Borujerd are confirmed ever since the 3rd century up to the present; the culmination of this activity occurring in the Seljuk period. The architectural works done here in the 4th and 5th centuries have been compared – owing to the execution of the main pillars, the round based pseudo-columns, the brick decorations – to the mausoleum of Amir Esma’il the Samanid in Bukhara. The plan of the mosque’s dome chamber and that of its secondary aisles at the corners of the perimeter have been likened to those of Heidaryyah Qazvin and the Ja’me Mosque of Golpayegan. Assuming seven periods of restoration and essential repair, it is said that the most ancient part of the ensemble is its principle dome construction, now surrounded by adjunctions of later periods.
The portico and minarets of the Ja’me mosque are said to have been built in 1209 A.H [1794/5 A.D], as an adjunction to its lofty arch built under Ma’mun and Mo’tassem. The religious and poetic inscriptions visible upon the entrance arch and on the wooden minbar and door of the mosque speak of these architectural alterations in the course of history.
This mosque has two entrances, on its eastern and western sides. The interior façade of the dome-covered space, beside the architectural adjunction made in various periods, incorporates refined decorations, including an exquisite epigraph on the southern wall, above the mihrab. Beside the majesty and importance of this building and the delicacy of its architectural fabric, note must be made of the mosque’s nine-stepped minbar, of particular importance. It was crafted by carpenter Dervish Yar-Muhammad upon an order from the Safavid king, Shah Abbas II, and bears a poetic epigraph the last diptych of which gives, in Abjad figures, the construction date of the minbar [1069 A.H. = 1658/9 A.D]. On the western entrance door, two other diptychs are carved, which beside the construction date of the mosque [1092 A.H.], gives the name of its builder.
Jame mosque has been used as a religious, trading and social affair centre. The complex includes the Jame Mosque used for Friday Prayer and public gatherings, Gharib Khaneh (an asylum for the poor and invalids), a Hammam (public bathhouse), a field and an Ab-Anbar (underground water storehouse). Most of these facilities have already been destroyed or replaced with modern streets and shops.
The Ja’me Mosque of Borujerd is recorded under No. 228 in the Inventory of National Artefacts of Iran. It was bombed by Iraqi planes in 1980s and has been damaged by rain and earthquakes. Borujerd earthquake, March 2006 ruined its minarets and damaged it vastly. However, it is still one of the must-see places in Lorestan Province and western Iran.
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[edit] Further reading
- Farzin, Alireza. Lorestan on the Stage of History. 1993.
