Jakarta Tower
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The Jakarta Tower (Menara Jakarta) is a tower that is currently being constructed in Jakarta, Indonesia. Once completed, it will stand up 558 m (1,831 ft.) tall up to the antenna. The tower is expected to be completed in 2010 or 2011. It is located in Kemayoran, Central Jakarta.
The Suharto regime intended Jakarta Tower to be the tallest structure in the world. International architecture design firms were invited to propose designs for the structure. The design itself should represent Trilogi Pembangunan (government's national development philosophy), Pancasila (the national philosophy, which consist of five factors), and August 17 (Indonesia's independence day). The winning design was created by Murphi/Iohn from the United States. However, since the design was too costly to develop, the government opted the runner-up design by East China Architecture Design & Research Institute (ECADI), who created Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower in China.
When Asian economic crisis occurred in 1997, Indonesian property industry was disturbed severely that many construction projects were halted, including Jakarta Tower. As soon as the Indonesian property industry recovered, Jakarta Tower construction was resumed in 2003 under Bethany Church management. The 'new' tower reflect its new management, it is expected to be a 'Christian Center' and a commerce, multimedia, and broadcasting center. It will also host a mall, hotel, education offices and an observatory deck. The height of the building is 558 m, some 5 m taller than the CN Tower. The Jakarta TV Tower will be the fourth tallest freestanding structure in the world if it is built in 2011. The tallest freestanding stucture will be the Burj Dubai which will be finished in 2009 and will be at least 818 meters. The second tallest freestanding structure by 2011 will be The Guangzhou TV & Sightseeing Tower at 610 meters when it is completed in 2009. The third tallest freestanding structure in 2011 will be the Chicago Spire which will be 609.6 meters tall by 2011. If the Jakarta tower is built by 2011 it will be the fourth tallest freestanding structure in the world in 2011. If the Jarkarta tower is built in 2010 it will be the third tallest freestanding structure in the world in 2010. ==History and the current development==
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[edit] Design contest (1996-1997)
The development of the tower was initially developed by the group of three rich businessmen, namely Sudwikatmono, Prajogo Pangestu and Henry Pribadi, operated by the company, PT Indocitra Graha Bawana. Its cost was estimated around 400 million US dollar (at that time still around Rp 900 billion).
Originally, the Jakarta Tower will be built in the Kuningan area, but Soerjadi Soedirdja, the Governor of Special Capital District of Jakarta at that time, did not agree, and proposed to build it in the Kemayoran area that was still under-developed.
Design companies of international calibre architecture were invited to participate in the design contest of architecture for this building. The provisions of this contest were that this building must contain the symbol of the Trilogy of the Development, Pancasila (the 5 basic Principles of Republic of Indonesia) and on August 17 (the Republic of Indonesia independence day declaration). The design and the scale model of the tower were shown to the Secretary of State, Moerdiono (at that time) as Chairman of Organizer Agency and the Development of the Bandar Kemayoran Baru in the Secretariat of the Country.
In 1996, this contest was won by Murphi/Jahn from the United States. Only, because this design was too expensive to be developed, then the government chose the design from the second winner namely East China Architecture Design & Research Institute (ECADI), that also constructive Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower in China. This ECADI design was chosen because the juries considered this design was simple and still had nuances of Asia.
The appointment of the development was carried out in 1997 by Jakarta Governor, Soerjadi Soedirdja and Secretary of State, Moerdiono after being agreed to by President Soeharto at the President’s Executive Office in Jakarta. President Soeharto proposed that the name of the Jakarta Tower was replaced to the Trilogy Tower.
The development of the Trilogy Tower began to be carried out in 1997. Because the budget grew, the developer began to look for the injection of the fund from the foreign investor. The total fund that was needed to around 560 million US dollar (at that time around Rp 1.2 trillion). The foreign group was aimed at had some shares and the rest were held by the domestic developer.
[edit] Economic crisis (1997)
When the economic crisis in Asia during 1997, happening the Indonesian property industry then fell so as plenty of construction projects that were postponed and cancelled, including the Trilogy Tower. By being stopped the development of this tower, concretes that have been buried were allowed faded and this area became a wide puddle.
[edit] Continuation of the Jakarta Tower project (2003 till now)
After the Indonesian economy began to rise again, the government of Jakarta continued the development of this tower and returning the name back to the Jakarta Tower. The Jakarta Tower then was continued in 2003 went through a new consortium, namely PT Persada Japa Pamudja (PJP) that consisted of national rich businessmen.
The appointment of the development of the tower that was projected to the highest tower in the world was carried out by the Minister of the State Secretariat (the Secretary of State) Bambang Kesowo and Special Capital District of Jakarta Governor Sutiyoso on April 15 2004.
According to the president commissioner of PT Prasada Japa Pamudja (the current developer of the Jakarta Tower), named Abraham Alex Tanuseputra, this tower will become the mega project and be the existence to show the capacity and Indonesian nation civilisation for well-off in line with the other nations in the world, as well as is built for the people of the Indonesian nation.
The development of the tower will be divided into two parts. The first part is the development of a 17 floors podium space that were planned to be finished during 2008/2009. The second part is the development of tower that predictable will be finished in the year 2010-2011.
[edit] The perspective of development
The Jakarta Tower Director, Roesdiman Soegiarso said, the development persepective of the Jakarta Tower was "the Center of Life Style".
According to this, "the Center of Life Style" is the dream and the concept of the Jakarta Tower that put forward as the place that gives the spirit of the life, the development and the center of technology, entertainment, tourism, education and the trading for facing the 21st Centuries.
[edit] Structure of the tower
The Jakarta Tower will be built in the area measuring 306.810 square meter. The building itself would measuring 40.550 square meter and 558 meter high.
Like the design initially in 1997, in this new development, the tower continue to have three legs that will soar up to the 500 meter height. Each leg will have the cylindrical shape, with 13.2 meter in diameter. Two of the legs will have three elevators, each with the speed of 7 meter per second. The third leg will containe eight elevators, decicated only for the visitors.
Moreover, in the underneath, the tower is tied again with diameter 40 meter and 15 meter high concrete ring. To stabilized it better, the tower embedded with diameter 80 meter foundation driven to the depth 58 meter into the ground.
According to the developer, the Jakarta Tower will use more than 20,000 workers for the development and more than 40,000 manpower after the building is in fully-operation.
[edit] Facilities
The Jakarta Tower plans to supply these facilities:
• 144.000 square meter parking lot • 17-floor high podium building • elevator can reach to the tower top • rotating restaurant • mega mall • café • amusement park • Indonesian historical museum • hotel • multipurpose/conference room that could accommodate 10,000 visitors • 8,000 square meter office space • exhibition center • education and training center • center of multimedia that accompanied the transmitter television and the radio broadcast • business trading center • sport center
A total of 4-6 million estimated visitors each year will come to the Jakarta Tower.
[edit] Other facts
When the tower is completed in 2010 or 2011, with 558 meter height, it will become the highest tower in the world, overcome the height of:
• the Canadian National Tower (553 metre), Toronto, Canada • the Ostankino Tower (540 metre), Moscow, Russia • the Oriental Pearl Tower (468 metre), Shanghai, China • the PETRONAS Twin Towers (452 metre), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
As the standard, the Monas (Jakarta National Monument) is only 137 meter high. Therefore, the Jakarta Tower will be 4 times higher than the Monas.
After passing all of his development period, the Jakarta Tower will become the highest building in the southern hemisphere. This record at this time was held by the residensial building Q1 with 344 meter in height that is located in Surfers Paradise, Gold Coast, Australia.
[edit] Expenses
The expense of developing this mega project is estimated to be around Rp 1.4 trillion initially and increased to almost Rp 2.7 trillion after the steel price increase in the world.
According to the director PT Prasada Japa Pamudja, Ferry Sangeroki, parties that involved in this project are "more than 100 companies and individuals ". He said that this project is financed through 3 routes: capital participation (Rp 400 billion), the loan of syndication (Rp 600-800 billion), and the pre-project sale (around Rp 1.3 trillion).
[edit] Controversies
[edit] Social and economy imbalance
In the year 1995-1997, the Trilogy Tower became the criticism material especially being the fund as well as the function of this tower in the middle of the social and economy imbalance that still spread out.
Theo Syafei, the former Territorial Military Commander, said, "Better the fund as big as that was used for the development of the "East Indonesian region." Therefore, this tower began to be known also with the term of "Imbalance Tower". The Jakarta Post newspaper calls it as "tower of indifference".
Several People's Representative Council members called it as the "lighthouse" project, a naming towards projects in the period of Brother Karno that it was considered (especially by the supporter of the New Sociopolitical System) as the project to show off to the outside world, without the obvious benefit for the people.
Sudwikatmono as the owner of this project in that period, denied this tower was acknowledged as the lighthouse project. The reason is, unlike Monas which was built by the government, the Trilogy Tower was purely built by private enterprise. Secretary of State Moerdiono respond to concerning the social gap that the irony with this project only explained the technical benefit for the world of architecture, the construction and the world of the broadcasting of radio and television. The plan is, the sprout of the tower will indeed be mounted radio and television antenna.
[edit] Bethany Church
During the period of the current development (2006-2011), one of the controversy that enough to come to the forefront about the Jakarta Tower is that this tower will become Christian Center that is supported by the Church of Bethany Indonesia. Regarding to Abraham Alex Tanuseputra, the President Commissioner of this project developer, PT Prasada Japa Pamudja that is also the General Chairman of Indonesia Bethany Church Congress. Moreover, Bethany's group often acknowledged this project as the Jakarta Pray Tower or Jakarta Revival Center.
[edit] External links
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