Jacob ben Aaron Sasportas
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Jacob ben Aaron Sasportas was a Rabbi, cabalist, and anti-Shabbethaian; born at Oran 1610; died at Amsterdam April 15, 1698; father of Isaac ben Jacob Sasportas. He became rabbi successively of Tlemçen (at the age of twenty-four), Morocco, Fez, and Sali.
About 1646 he was imprisoned by the Moorish king, but succeeded in escaping with his family to Amsterdam (ca. 1653). He stayed there till the disorders in Africa ceased, when he was called back by the King of Morocco and sent on a special mission to the Spanish court (ca. 1659) to ask for aid against the rebels. On his return he was invited to the rabbinate of the Portuguese community of London (1664). According to David Franco Mendes (in "Ha-Meassef," 1788, p. 169), Jacob had accompanied Menasseh ben Israel to London in 1655. Owing to the outbreak of the plague in London in 1665, Jacob went to Hamburg, where he officiated as rabbi till 1673. In that year he was called to Amsterdam and appointed head of the yeshivah Keter Torah, founded by the brothers Pinto. Two years later he became dayyan and head of the yeshibah at Leghorn, and in 1680 he returned to Amsterdam, where he was appointed head of the yeshibah 'Eẓ Ḥayyim. After the death of Isaac Aboab (1693) he was appointed rabbi of the Portuguese community, which office he held till his death.
[edit] A virulent anti-Shabbethaian
Jacob was one of the most violent antagonists of the Shabbethaian movement; he wrote many letters to various communities in Europe, Asia, and Africa, exhorting them to unmask the impostors and to warn the people against them. He wrote: "Toledot Ya'aḳob" (Amsterdam, 1652), an index of Biblical passages found in the haggadah of the Jerusalem Talmud, similar to Aaron Pesaro's "Toledot Aharon," which relates to the Babylonian Talmud only; "Ohel Ya'aḳob" (ib.1737), responsa, edited and prefaced by his son Abraham Sasportas; "Ẓiẓat Nobel Ẓebi" (ib. 1737), polemical correspondence against Shabbethai Ẓebi and his followers, also edited by his son. The last-named work was afterward abridged by Jacob Emden under the title "Ḳiẓẓur Ẓiẓat Nobel Ẓebi" (Altona, n.d.). Jacob edited the "Hekal ha-Ḳodesh" of Moses b. Maimun Albas, to which he added an introduction and supplied notes (Amsterdam, 1653). Grätz ("Gesch." x., note 2) identifies Jacob Sasportas with Jaho Saportas, who competed with the Cansinos for the office of interpreter at the Spanish court (Jacob Cansino's preface to Moses Almosnino's "Extremos y Grandezas de Constantinople," Madrid, 1638).
[edit] Bibliography
- Samuel Joseph Fuenn, Keneset Yisrael, p. 577;
- Julius Fürst, Bibl. Jud. iii.251;
- Heinrich Graetz, Gesch. 3d ed., x.204, 215, 217, 225-226, note 2;
- Meyer Kayserling, Bibl. Esp.-Port.-Jud. pp. 4, 8, 98-99;
- S. Rubin, in Magyar Zsidá Szemle, vii.711;
- Abraham Sasportas, preface to Ohel Ya'aḳob;
- Moritz Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. col. 1254;
- S. Wiener, in Ha-Meliẓ, 1894, Nos. 203, 245;
- Cat. Anglo-Jew. Hist. Exh. p. 48;
- Johann Christoph Wolf, Bibliotheca Hebræa i.619.
[edit] References
- This article incorporates text from the 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia article "Sasportas" by Joseph Jacobs, M. Seligsohn, Isidore Singer and Meyer Kayserling, a publication now in the public domain.
