Jōwa (Heian period)

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Jōwa (承和, Jōwa^?) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,^?, lit. "year name") after Tenchō and before Kashō. This period spanned the years from 834 through 848. The reigning emperors were Junna-tennō (淳和天皇, Junna-tennō^?) and Ninmyō-tennō (仁明天皇, Ninmyō-tennō^?).^[1]

1 Change of era
2 Events of the Jōwa era
3 References
- 3.1 External links

[edit] Change of era

Jōwa gannen (承和元年, Jōwa gannen^?); 834: The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Tenchō 10, on the 3rd day of the 1st month of 834.^[2]

[edit] Events of the Jōwa era

Jōwa 7, 8th day of the 5th month (840): The former-Emperor Junna died at the age of 55.^[2]

By the Jōwa era, the formality of male promotions (Dansei joi) were announced by the seventh day of each new year, while those for women (ona joi) were announced on the eighth day.^[3]

[edit] References

^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales empereurs du Japon, pp. 106-112; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp.283-284; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 164-165.
^ ^a ^b Brown, p. 284.
^ Ko, Dorothy et al. (2003). Women and Confucian Cultures in Premodern China, Korea, and Japan, p.74.

Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). [ Jien, c. 1220], Gukanshō; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & Ichirō Ishida. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-03460-0
Ko, Dorothy, JaHyun Kim Haboush and Joan R. Piggott. ( ). Women and Confucian Cultures in Premodern China, Korea, and Japan. Berkely: University of California Press. ISBN 0-5202-3138-4
Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652]. Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)
Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359], Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-321-04940-4