IX Corps (United States)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For the IX Corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War, see IX Corps (ACW).
| IX Corps | |
|---|---|
 IX Corps shoulder sleeve insignia |
|
| Active | June 1940 – March 1950 August 1950 – September 1995 |
| Country | United States |
| Allegiance | Federal |
| Branch | Regular Army Army Reserve |
| Type | Corps |
| Colors | Red and Blue |
| Engagements | World War II Korean War |
The IX Corps was a corps of the United States Army which served in World War II and throughout the Cold War. In time throughout its history it has been known as IX Army Corps, and is the foundation for both the U.S. 9th Theater Support Command at Camp Zama, Japan, and the U.S. 9th Regional Readiness Command at Fort Shafter, Hawaii, of the U.S. Army Reserve.
[edit] History
IX Corps was originally activated as the IX Army Corps at Fort Lewis, Washington, on 1 June 1940. Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, the corps was put in command of defensive operations along central and northern regions of the Pacific coast. On 1 September 1943, the formation was redesinated IX Corps. One year later on 25 September 1944, the corps closed headquarters at Fort McPherson, Georgia, in preparation for deployment to Hawaii. Once in Hawaii, the corps was placed under the command of U.S. Tenth Army and tasked with developing strategies for the invasion of the Japanese-held Chinese coast as well as preparation for the deployment of Tenth Army soldiers to Okinawa. When General of the Army Douglas MacArthur took overall command of Pacific Forces, IX Corps moved to Leyte in the Philippine Islands and was assigned to U.S. Sixth Army in July 1945. There it was tasked with the planning of the U.S. invasion of Japan in November and the subsequent occupation. Japan surrendered in August; consequently the IX Corps transferred its headquarters in October 1945 to Sapporo for occupation duties. In March of 1950, U.S. occupational duties were reduced and IX Corps was inactivated.
On 10 August 1950, IX Corps was reactivated at Fort Sheridan, Illinois, for combat in Korea. Throughout the conflict, the formation served with distinction under U.S. Eighth Army in operations to limit further Communist reinforcements entering the peninsula. On 1 January 1954, the corps was transferred from Eighth Army to Far East United States Army Forces. On 2 February 1956, the corps moved its headquarters from mainland Japan to Fort Buckner on Okinawa.
In 1961, IX Corps headquarters was reorganized as the U.S. 9th Regional Support Command in Hawaii. 15 May 1972 saw the corps' return to Japan where it merged its headquarters with U.S. Army Japan, though the Regional Support Command remained in Hawaii. IX Corps was inacivated in September 1995 at Camp Zama, Japan, and in its place was activated U.S. 9th Theater Army Area Command, predecessor of the current U.S. 9th Theater Support Command. The units in Hawaii were redesignated headquarters U.S. 9th Army Reserve Command, the foundation unit for the Army Reserve's current U.S. 9th Regional Readiness Command.
[edit] Commanders
The following were commanders of IX Corps. Starting with Welborn G. Dolvin, the IX Corps commander was also Commander, U.S. Army Japan.[1]
- 20 October 40 – 9 April 42 MG Kenyon A. Joyce
- 10 April 42 – 22 March 44 MG Charles H White
- 23 March 44 – 1 September 44 MC Emil F. Reinhardt
- 2 September 44 – 6 December 48 MG Charles W. Ryder
- 7 December 48 – 11 February 49 MG William C. Chase
- 12 February 49 – 4 March 49 MG John M. Devine
- 4 March 49 – 28 March 50 MG Leland S. Hobbs
- 28 March 50 Inactivated
- 10 August 50 Reactivated
- 10 August 50 – 10 September 50 MG Frank W. Milburn
- 11 September 50 – 30 January 51 MG John B. Coulter
- 31 January 51 – 24 February 51 MG Bryant E. Moore
- 24 February 51 – 5 March 51 MG Oliver P. Smith (USMC)
- 5 March 51 – 23 December 51 LTG William M. Hoge
- 24 December 51 – 30 July 52 LTG Willard G. Wyman
- 31 July 52 – 8 August 52 MG Joseph P. Cleland
- 9 August 52 – 9 August 53 LTG Ruben E. Jenkins
- 10 August 53 – 12 April 54 LTG Thomas F. Hickey
- 13 April 54 – 19 November 54 MG Samuel T. Williams
- 20 November 54 – 29 November 54 MG Armistead D. Mead
- 30 November 54 – 18 July 55 LTG Thomas F. Hickey
- 19 July 55 – 1 February 56 MG Edward J. McGaw
- 2 February 56 – 30 April 58 LTG James E. Moore
- 1 May 58 – 14 February 61 LTG Donald P. Booth
- 15 February 61 – 15 December 61 LTG Paul W. Caraway
- 16 December 61 – 22 December 61 Col Julian H. Martin
- 23 December 61 – 31 July 64 LTG Paul W. Caraway
- 1 August 64 – 31 October 66 LTG Albert Watson II
- 2 November 66 – 17 January 69 LTG Ferdinand T. Unger
- 28 January 69 – 14 May 72 LTG James B. Lampert
- 15 May 72 – 1 March 75 LTG Welborn G. Dolvin
- 1 March 75 – 6 May 77 LTG John R. Guthrie
- 16 May 77 – 23 May 80 LTG John Q. Henion
- 18 June 80 – 20 August 82 LTG Roscoe Robinson Jr.
- 2 September 82 – 1 August 85 LTG Alexander M. Weyand
- 1 August 85 – 15 July 88 LTG Charles W. Dyke
- 15 July 88 – 5 December 89 LTG Johnnie H. Corns
- 5 December 89 – 22 April 92 LTG Jack D. Woodall
- 22 April 92 – 5 August 94 LTG Jerome H. Granrud
