Ivan Vladislav
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| Ivan Vladislav | |
| Tsar of Bulgaria | |
| Reign | August 1015 - February 1018 |
|---|---|
| Died | 1018 |
| Place of death | Durazzo |
| Predecessor | Gavril Radomir of Bulgaria |
| Successor | Presian II of Bulgaria |
| Consort | Maria |
| Issue | Presian II Aron Alusian Troian Catherine |
| Royal House | Comitopuli |
| Father | Aron |
Ivan Vladislav (Bulgarian: Иван Владислав) ruled as emperor (tsar) of Bulgaria from August or September 1015 to February 1018. The year of his birth is unknown, but he was born at least about a decade before 987.
He was the ancestor of the Aaronios family.[1]
Contents |
[edit] Life
Ivan Vladislav was the son of Aron, the brother of Emperor Samuel (Samuil) of Bulgaria. In 987 Samuel ordered his brother Aron executed for treason together with his entire family. The massacre was survived only by Aron's son Ivan Vladislav, who was saved through the intercession of his cousin, Samuel's son Gabriel Radomir.
What happened with Ivan Vladislav during the subsequent decades is unknown, but in 1015 he was induced by Byzantine agents to murder his cousin Gabriel Radomir, while the latter was hunting near Ostrovo (Arnissa), and seize the Bulgarian throne. Ivan Vladislav took steps to ensure his positions against potential rivals, and in 1016 lured and murdered Prince Vladimir of Zeta, who was married to Gabriel Radomir's sister Theodora (Kosara).
Although Ivan Vladislav had entered into negotiations with the Byzantine Emperor Basil II, he quickly began to follow the determined policy of his predecessors to resist the ongoing Byzantine conquest. Ivan Vladislav restored the fortifications of Bitola in 1015 and survived an assassination plot undertaken by Byzantine agents. Although the Byzantines sacked Ohrid, they failed to take Pernik, they were defeated in the battle of Bitola and received troubling intelligence that Ivan Vladislav was attempting to induce the Pechenegs to come to his aid, following up the general practice of his predecessors.
While Byzantine armies had penetrated deep into Bulgaria in 1016, Ivan Vladislav was able to rally his forces. In 1017 the Bulgarians were defeated in the battle of Setina but it did not bring the war to the end and Ivan Vladislav was able to commenced a siege of Durazzo in the winter of 1018. During a battle in front of the city, Ivan Vladislav was killed. After his death much of the Bulgarian nobility and court, including his widow Maria, submitted to the advancing Basil II in exchange of guarantees for the preservation of their lives, status, and property. A faction of the nobles and the army rallied around Ivan Vladislav's eldest sons and continued to resist for several months until it was forced to submit.
[edit] Family
By his wife Marija, Ivan Vladislav had several children, including:
- Presian II, who briefly succeeded as emperor of Bulgaria 1018
- Aron, Byzantine general
- Alusian, who was briefly emperor of Bulgaria in 1041
- Troian (Trojan). Father of Maria of Bulgaria, who married Andronikos Doukas.
- Catherine (Ekaterina), who married the future Byzantine Emperor Isaac I Komnenos
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- John V.A. Fine Jr., The Early Medieval Balkans, Ann Arbor, 1983.
[edit] Notes
- ^ The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, p. 1
[edit] External links
| Preceded by Gabriel Radomir |
Emperor of Bulgaria 1015–1018 |
Succeeded by Presian II |
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