Ivan Aralica

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Ivan Aralica (Promina near Knin, 1930–) is a Croatian novelist and essayist.

Having finished pedagogical school and Philosophical Faculty at Zadar University, Aralica had worked in post-war period as a high school teacher in the backwater villages of the rural hinterland of northern and central Dalmatia. After a period of Communist infatuation (which resulted in a few weak novellas that can be labeled as socialist realism period pieces), Aralica was swept into the vortex of turbulent events known as the “Croatian spring” (1971). During this tumultuos era he allied with those who advocated greater Croatian autonomy and freedom for Croatian people in Communist Yugoslavia. The crackdown on the Croatian national movement and subsequent professional and social degradation resulted in Aralica’s return to his Christian and Catholic roots, abandonment of doctrinaire propagandist literature and formation of his own literary credo. Among world authors, he was influenced chiefly by realist fiction and early Modernism, the key authors being Ivo Andric, Thomas Mann and Knut Hamsun.

From 1979 to 1989 Aralica published eight novels, which can be best described as modernist rewritings of historical fiction. The best among them (Psi u trgovištu/Dogs in a bazaar, 1979; Duše robova/Slaves’ souls, 1984; Graditelj svratišta/Builder of an inn, 1986; Asmodejev šal/Asmodey’s shawl, 1988) show similar traits: these are essentially novels of complex narrative techniques recreating dramatic events in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina from 16th to 18th century and describing historical fatum of Croats caught in the “clash of civilizations”- a three centuries long warfare between Austria, the Ottoman Empire and Venice. Aralica successfully mastered many divergent elements in his fiction, so that his finest novels are both replete with contemplative wisdom sayings on human condition and rammed with action; also, his artistry is expressed in numerous naturalist passages integrated in the over-arching Christian vision of life where natural and the supernatural fuse into one reality.

After the democratic changes in Croatia and the collapse of Yugoslavia, Aralica was elected to the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts; also, he re-entered politics, this time on the list of Croatian Democratic Union (Hrvatska demokratska zajednica/HDZ), a party headed by the independent Croatia’s first president Franjo Tudjman. Aralica held a few influential positions, the most important among them being vice-president of Croatian Parliament. During this period he wrote two books of political essays (one about the genesis of Serbian imperialism, the other on historical complexities of the conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina), and two weaker novels that show many signs of repetition and lack of genuine inspiration on the author’s side. Sadly, the author's political affiliations have led him to espouse extreme Croatian nationalist views, including diplays of almost racist hatred towards Bosnian Muslims during the Bosnian Croatian-Muslim civil war of 1993-1994.

The year 2000 was another turning point for Aralica: his party, HDZ, lost the elections and power, and writer was embroiled in a bitter polemic with new authorities (which were to hold power in next four years). Aralica then started writing satirical novels of ideas (novels with keys, ie. thinly disguised quasi-faction). Most famous one is “Fukara”/Good for nothing, 2002, a satirical-political attack on multiculturalist ideology as promulgated by controversial American billionaire George Soros. The literary vaule of his works published during this period was often disputed, and they were seen by many literary critics (Perišić, Jergović, Tagirov, Alajbegović) as little more than tasteless political pamphlets. However, Aralica has also become one of the cultural and intellectual icons of the rigid conservatism in Croatia, advocating the return to the tradition symbolized by "ognjište" (hearth). Inellectuals on the Right defended his novels claiming that they were brilliant political satires.

Still vigorously writing in his eight decade, Aralica is considered as one of the better Croatian novelists of the 2nd half of the 20th century. However, this general consensus is based almost exclusively on his earlier work, namely his 1980s novels