From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The International Phonetic Alphabet for Spanish is shown below in charts which shows concisely the most common way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is applied to represent the Spanish language using the standard Spanish language pronunciations.
See Spanish phonology for a more complete version.
| IPA |
Examples |
| Consonants |
| p |
pozo; topo |
| b |
bestia; vaca; imbaque |
| β[1] |
bebé; vivir |
| t |
tamiz; átomo |
| d |
dedo; cuando; aldaba |
| ð[1] |
arder; ciudad |
| ʝ |
poyo[1]; yapa; cónyuge |
| k |
caña; laca; quisimos |
| ɡ |
gato; lengua; guerra |
| ɣ[1] |
trigo; Argos |
| tʃ |
chubasco; acechar |
| f |
fase; café |
| θ[2] |
cereza; zorro; lacero; paz |
| s |
saco; casa; puertas |
| z |
rasgo, mismo |
| x |
jamón; general; suje, reloj |
| r |
raro; perro |
| ɾ |
pero; bravo; comer |
| l |
lino; calor; principal |
| ʎ [3] |
llave; pollo |
| m |
madre; comer; anfibio |
| n |
nido; anillo; sin |
| ɲ |
ñoquis; cabaña |
| ŋ |
cinco; venga |
|
| IPA |
Examples |
| Monophthongs |
| i |
cinco; y |
| e |
peso |
| a |
tanque |
| o |
bosque |
| u |
publicar |
| Diphthongs |
| ei |
rey; peine |
| ai |
hay; aire |
| oi |
hoy; boicot |
| eu |
neutro |
| au |
pausa |
| ou |
bou |
| je |
tierra |
| ja |
hacia |
| jo |
radio |
| ju |
viuda |
| wi |
fuimos |
| we |
fuego |
| wa |
cuadro |
| wo |
cuota |
|
- ^ a b c d /b/, /d/, /ʝ/ and /ɡ/ are approximants ([β̞], [ð̞], [ʝ˕] [ɣ˕]; represented here without the undertacks) in all places except after a pause, after an /n/ or /m/, or—in the case of /d/ and /ʝ/—after an /l/, in which contexts they are stops [b, d, ɟʝ, ɡ], not dissimilar from English b, d, j, g.(Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté 2003:257-8).
- ^ In Andalusia, Canary Islands, and Latin America /θ/ has merged into /s/; see ceceo and Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté (2003:258) for more information.
- ^ In metropolitan areas of the Iberian Peninsula and some South American countries, /ʎ/ has merged into /ʝ/; the actual realization depends on dialect; see yeísmo and Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté (2003:258) for more information.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Ana Ma. Fernández-Planas & Josefina Carrera-Sabaté (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (2): 255-259
