Intra Bank
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Intra Bank SAL | |
|---|---|
| Type | No longer trading |
| Founded | 1951 |
| Headquarters | Beirut, Lebanon |
| Key people | Yousef Beidas, Chairman and General Manager |
| Industry | Banking |
| Subsidiaries | Lebanon, Jordan, Qatar, United Kingdom, United States, France, West Germany, Italy, Sierra Leone, Switzerland, Morocco, Nigeria, Liberia, Brazil |
Intra Bank (also known as Banque Intra or بنك انترا) was a Lebanese bank, and the largest financial institution in the Middle East until its collapse in 1966.
Contents |
[edit] Foundation and Rise of the Bank
The bank was founded in 1951 by Yousef Beidas and three partners as a currency trading house named International Traders.
[edit] Collapse and Controversy
The bank stopped payments on October 14, 1966. The collapse of the bank brought the Lebanese economy to a halt and sent shockwaves throughout the Middle East. Intra Bank accounted for 15% of total bank deposits and 40-50% of deposits with Lebanese-owned banks.
Many observers questioned why the Lebanese Central Bank, which was established only two and a half years earlier in April 1964 did not provide liquidity to Intra Bank during the run on the bank. Many press commentators believed that this was due to influence from Lebanese politicians and rivals who were unhappy at the influence and power of Palestinian-born Beidas.
The collapse of Intra Bank brought a swathe of new banking regulations for the Lebanese banking sector, although these were not enough to restore faith in the Lebanese banking sector to its pre-Intra levels.
The circumstances which surrounded Intra's fall remain to this day controversial issues. The surprisingly weak support from the Lebanese government and the very public allegations over Charles Helou's role in the affair have been attributed to such issues as Beidas' Palestinian origin and envy over Beidas' almost complete control of the Lebanese economy.
[edit] Intra Investment Company
The collapse was followed by its restructuring, with the Central Bank and the Lebanese government taking major shareholdings. The successor company, officially Intra Investment Company but often still referred to as "Intra," remained a major shareholder in key institutions such as Middle East Airlines, Casino du Liban and Bank Al Mashrek, the remaining banking operations.
By 1985, the Central Bank held 28% of Intra, the Kuwaiti government held 19%, the Lebanese held 10%, the National Bank of Kuwait held 4% and the government of Qatar 3%. Today, the Lebanese government's stake is expected to be privatised in due courser([1]).
[edit] Roger Tamraz
[edit] References in English
- London Illustrated News, October 30, 1965
- Fortune Magazine, April 1963
- TIME Magazine, The New Mideast Money Man, Apr. 27, 1962
- TIME Magazine, The Flying Sheik, Sep. 4, 1964
- TIME Magazine, Beirut: The Suez of Money, Oct. 23, 1964
- TIME Magazine, The Money Watchers, Jan. 8, 1965
- TIME Magazine, The Day the Doors Closed, Oct. 28, 1966
- TIME Magazine, How They Broke the Bank, Nov. 25, 1966
- TIME Magazine, Back Toward Business, Dec. 23, 1966
- TIME Magazine, To Be or Not to Be?, Jan. 13, 1967
- TIME Magazine, Reopening at Intra, Jan. 5, 1968
- Warlords And Merchants: The Lebanese Business And Political Establishment, Kamal Dib, July 2006, ISBN-13: 978-0863723155
- In touch with His Roots, Naim Attallah, Jan 2006, ISBN-13: 978-0704371187
