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Interleukin 35 (IL-35) is an IL-12 family cytokine that is produced by regulatory, but not effector, T cells and plays a role in immune suppression. It is a dimeric protein composed of IL-12α and IL-27β chains, which are encoded by two separate genes called IL12A and EBI3, respectively. Secreted by regulatory T cells (Tregs), IL-35 suppresses inflammatory responses of immune cells. Studies in mice show the absence of either IL-35 chain from regulatory Tregs reduces the cells' ability to suppress inflammation; this has been observed during cell culture experiments and using an experimental model for inflammatory bowel disease.[1] To produce its suppressive effects, IL-35 has selective activities on different T cell subsets; it induces proliferation of Treg cell populations but reduces activity of Th17 cell populations.[2]
[edit] References
- ^ Collison LW, Workman CJ, Kuo TT, et al (November 2007). "The inhibitory cytokine IL-35 contributes to regulatory T-cell function". Nature 450 (7169): 566–9. doi:10.1038/nature06306. PMID 18033300.
- ^ Niedbala W, Wei XQ, Cai B, et al (November 2007). "IL-35 is a novel cytokine with therapeutic effects against collagen-induced arthritis through the expansion of regulatory T cells and suppression of Th17 cells". Eur. J. Immunol. 37 (11): 3021–9. doi:10.1002/eji.200737810. PMID 17874423.
