Independent Republican and Liberal Pole
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The Independent Republican and Liberal Pole (Pôle républicain indépendant et libéral, PRIL) was a liberal-centrist party in France.
It was founded in 1998 by those members of Liberal Democracy, who refused to leave UDF, as proposed by Alain Madelin. They included François Léotard, Gilles de Robien, Gérard Longuet, Jean-Pierre Fourcade, Alain Lamassoure, Renaud Donnedieu de Vabres, François Sauvadet, Bernard Lehideux and Rudy Salles.
PRIL merged, alongside with Democratic Force (merge of the Democratic and Social Centre and of the Social Democratic Party in 1995) and the so-called "Direct Adherents" to the New UDF, structured as a single party.
Some of them (Jean-Pierre Fourcade, Alain Lamassoure, Renaud Donnedieu de Vabres), anyway, joined the Union for a Popular Movement in 2002, while others, as Gilles de Robien, represent the most pro-UMP and pro-Sarkozy faction within UDF, being also strong opponents of François Bayrou.
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