Ice XI

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Ice XI is an orthorhombic low-temperature equilibrium proton-ordered form of hexagonal ice (ice I_h). It is ferroelectric.

Ice XI is considered the most stable configuration of ice I_h. The natural transformation process is very slow and ice XI has been found in Antarctic ice 100 to 10,000 years old. That study indicated that the temperature at which ice XI forms is −36°C.

Ordinary water ice is known as ice I_h, (in the Bridgman nomenclature). Different types of ice, from ice II to ice XIV, have been created in the laboratory at different temperatures and pressures.

[edit] References

• Chaplin, Martin (2007-11-11). Hexagonal ice structure. Water Structure and Science. Retrieved on 2008-01-02.

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