Hungarian State Opera House

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The building of the Hungarian State Opera House (Hungarian: Magyar Állami Operaház) is a splendid example of neo-Renaissance architecture. It is located in central Pest, (a part of Budapest), in the 6^th District (Terézváros) at Andrássy út 22.

Designed by Miklós Ybl, a major figure of 19^th century Hungarian architecture, the construction lasted from 1875 to 1884 and was funded by the city of Budapest and by Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungary. The Hungarian Royal Opera House (as it was known then) opened to the public on the September 27, 1884.

Section through the centre of the house

It is a richly-decorated building and is considered one of the architect's masterpieces. It was built in neo-Renaissance style, with elements of baroque. Ornamentation includes paintings and sculptures by leading figures of Hungarian art of the time including Bertalan Székely, Mór Than and Károly Lotz. Although in size and capacity it is not among the greatest, in beauty and the quality of acoustics the Budapest Opera House is considered to be amongst the first few opera houses in the world.

The auditorium holds 1261 seats. It is horseshoe shaped and - according to measurments done in the 1970's by a group of international engineers - has the 3^rd best acoustics in Europe after the Scala in Milan and the Paris Opera House. Although many opera houses have been built since, the Budapest Opera House is still among the best in terms of the acoustics.

Interior

In front of the building are statues of Ferenc Erkel, composer of the Hungarian national anthem, and the first music director of the Opera House. He was also founder of the Budapest Philharmonic Orchestra. The other statue is of Franz Liszt, the best known Hungarian composer.

Each year the season lasts from September to the end of June and besides opera performances the Opera House is home to the Hungarian National Ballet.

Many important artists were guests here including Gustav Mahler the composer who was director in Budapest from 1887 to 1891 and Otto Klemperer who was music director for three years from 1947 to 1950.

In the 1970s the state of the building prompted the Hungarian State to order a major renovation which eventually began in 1980 and lasted till 1984. The reopening was held exactly 100 years after the original opening, on the 27^th of September 1984.

The Opera House is on the left in this view of 1896.

The second house of the Hungarian State Opera is Erkel theatre. It is a much bigger building and it also hosts opera and ballet performances during the opera season.

There are guided tours in the building in six languages (English, German, Spanish, French, Italian and Hungarian) almost every day.