User:Howardrford/Europe

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The following table lists records of extreme temperature in territories of Europe.


Country Lowest Temperature Highest Temperature
T°C Place Date T°C Place Date
Europe -58.1 Ust’-Shchugor Flag of Russia Russia 31 December 1978 48.5 Catenanuova Flag of Italy Italy 10 August 1999
Flag of Albania Albania -25.8 Sheqeras [1][2] 27 January 1963 43.9 Kuçovë [1][3] 18 July 1973
Flag of Andorra Andorra -27.3 Grau Roig [4][5] 9 January 1985 36.0 Encamp (Central Hidroelèctrica) [6][7] 29 June 1935 and 30 June 1935
Les Escaldes (Las Escaldas) [8][7]
Flag of Austria Austria -36.6 Zwettl Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) state [9][10] 11 February 1929 39.7 Dellach im Drautal Kärnten (Carinthia) state [9] 27 July 1983
Flag of Azores Azores (Port.) 0.3 Cerrado dos Bezerros São Miguel Island [11] 30.7 Santa Maria Island [12][13][14] 17 August 1944
Flag of Belarus Belarus -42.2 Talachyn Vitsyebsk province [15] 17 January 1940 38.0 Vasilyevichy Homiel province [16] 20 August 1946
Flag of Belgium Belgium -30.1 Rochefort [17] 20 January 1940 38.7 Haacht [17] 27 June 1947
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina -33.8 Sokolac [18][19] 27 January 1954 43.1 Mostar [20][21] 24 August 2007
Flag of Bulgaria Bulgaria -38.3 Trŭn Pernik province [22] 7 January 1947 45.2 Sadovo Plovdiv province [22] 5 August 1916
Flag of Croatia Croatia -36 Gospić [23] 4 February 1929 42.8 Ploče [24] 5 August 1981
Flag of the Czech Republic Czech Republic -42.2 Litvínovice Jihočeský (South Bohemian) region [25] 11 February 1929 40.2 Uhříněves Praha (Prague) region [25] 27 July 1983
Flag of Denmark Denmark -31.2 Hørsted Thy district [26] 8 January 1982 36.4 Holstebro [26] 10 August 1975
Flag of Estonia Estonia -43.5 Jõgeva [27] 17 January 1940 35.6 Võru [27] 11 August 1992
Flag of the Faroe Islands Faroe Islands (Den.) -13.5 Tórshavn [28] January 1918 26.3 Vágar Airport [29] 17 July 2003
Flag of Finland Finland -51.5 Pokka Kittilä municipality, Lappi region (Lapland) [30] 28 January 1999 35.9 Turku Varsinais-Suomi (Finland-Proper) region [30] 9 July 1914
Flag of France France -41.0 Mouthe Doubs department [31] 17 January 1985 44.1 Conqueyrac and Saint-Christol-les-Alès Gard department [32] 12 August 2003
Flag of Germany Germany -37.8 Hüll near Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm Niederbayern (Lower Bavaria) state [33][34] 12 February 1929 40.3 Perl-Nennig Saarland state [35] 8 August 2003
Flag of Gibraltar Gibraltar (UK) -2.9 Gibraltar [36] 3 February 1907 40.6 Gibraltar [37] 5 July 1994
Flag of Greece Greece -27.8 Ptolemaïda [38][39] January 1963 48.0 Elevsís (Elefsina) and Tatoi [40][41] 10 July 1977
Flag of Guernsey Guernsey (UK) -8.4 St Peter Port [42] January 1894 34.3 Guernsey Airport [43] 9 August 2003
Flag of Hungary Hungary -35.0 Miskolctapolca [44][45] 16 February 1940 41.9 Kiskunhalas [44] 20 July 2007
Flag of Iceland Iceland -38 Grímsstaðir and Möðrudalur [46] 22 January 1918 30.5 Teigarhorn [46] 22 June 1939
Flag of Ireland Ireland -19.1 Markree Castle, Collooney County Sligo [47] 16 January 1881 33.3 Kilkenny Castle County Kilkenny [47] 26 June 1887
Flag of the Isle of Man Isle of Man (UK) -11.7 Douglas [48] 9 February and 12 February 1895 28.9 Ronaldsway Airport [48] 12 July 1983
Flag of Italy Italy -38 Livigno Lombardia (Lombardy) region [49] 10 February 1956 48.5 Catenanuova Sicilia (Sicily) region [50] 10 August 1999
Flag of Jersey Jersey (UK) -11.0 St Aubin [48][51] 18 January 1891 36.0 St Helier [52] 9 August 2003
Flag of Kosovo Kosovo (Serbia) -32.5 Gnjilane (Gjilani) Gnjilane (Gjilani) municipality [53] 25 January 1963 42.0 Prizren [54] 24 July 2007
Flag of Latvia Latvia -43.2 Daugavpils [55][56] 8 February 1956 36.4 Daugavpils [57][58] 4 August 1943
Flag of Liechtenstein Liechtenstein -26 Vaduz [59] 36.0 Vaduz [60] 13 August 2003
Flag of Lithuania Lithuania -42.9 Utena [61] 1 February 1956 37.5 Zarasai [61] 30 July 1994
Flag of Luxembourg Luxembourg -24.3 Wiltz [62][63] 5 February 1917 37.9 Luxembourg [64] 8 August 2003 and 12 August 2003
Flag of the Republic of Macedonia Macedonia -31.5 Berovo [18] 27 January 1954 45.7 Demir Kapija [65] 24 July 2007
Flag of Malta Malta 1.4 Luqa [66][67] 29 January 1981 43.8 Luqa [66] 9 August 1999
Ta’Qali [68][67] 1 February 1999
Flag of Moldova Moldova -35.5 Brătuşeni Edineţ district [69] 20 January 1963 41.9 Slobozia (Slobodzya) Transnistria [70][71] 22 July 2007
Flag of Monaco Monaco -3 Monaco [72] 6 March or 7 March 1971 34.0 Monte Carlo [62] 29 June 1945 and 3 August 1949
Flag of Montenegro Montenegro -32.0 Rožaje [73][74] 13 January 1985 44.8 Podgorica [75] 24 August 2007
Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands -27.4 Winterswijk [76] 27 January 1942 38.6 Warnsveld [76] 23 August 1944
Flag of Norway Norway -51.4 Karasjok (Kárášjohka) Finnmark county [77] 1 January 1886 35.6 Nesbyen Buskerud county [77] 20 June 1970
Flag of Poland Poland -41.0 Siedlce Siedlce province [78] 11 January 1940 40.2 Prószków Opole province [78] 29 July 1921
Flag of Portugal Portugal -16 Miranda do Douro [79] 16 January 1945 47.3 Amareleja [80][81] 1 August 2003
Penhas da Saúde [79] 5 February 1956
Flag of Romania Romania -38.5 Bod Braşov county [82] 24 January 1942 44.5 Ion Sion Brăila county [82] 10 August 1951
Flag of Russia Russia (European) -58.1 Ust’-Shchugor Respublika Komi (Komi Republic) [83] 31 December 1978 42.9 Ėlista Respublika Kalmykiya (Republic of Kalmykia) [16][84] 7 August 1940
Flag of San Marino San Marino -12.9 San Marino [85] 13 February 1956 39.9 San Marino [85] 29 July 1983
Flag of Serbia Serbia -39.0 Karajukića Bunari Zlatibor district [86] 26 January 2006 44.9 Smederevska Palanka Podunavlje district [86] 24 July 2007
Flag of Slovakia Slovakia -41.0 Vígl’aš-Pstruša Banská Bystrica region [87] 11 February 1929 40.3 Hurbanovo Nitra region [88] 20 July 2007
Flag of Slovenia Slovenia -34.5 Babno Polje [89][90] 15 February 1956, 16 February 1956 and 13 January 1968 40.6 Črnomelj [89][91] 5 July 1950
Flag of Spain Spain -32.0 Estany Gento Lleida province [92][93] 2 February 1956 47.8 Murcia Instituto Murcia province [94][95] 29 July 1876
Flag of Norway Svalbard and Jan Mayen (Nor.) -49.4 Grønfjorden Spitsbergen [96] 28 March 1917 23.6 Bjørnøya (Bear Island) [97] 22 June 1953
Flag of Sweden Sweden -53.0 Malgovik Västerbotten county [98][99] 13 December 1941 38.0 Ultuna Uppsala county [98] 9 July 1933
Målilla Kalmar county [98] 29 June 1947
Flag of Switzerland Switzerland -41.8 La Brévine Neuchâtel canton [100][101] 12 January 1987 39.3 Roveredo Graubünden canton [102][103] 11 August 2003
Flag of Ukraine Ukraine -41.9 Luhans’k (Lugansk) [104] 8 January 1935 41.2 Pavlohrad (Pavlograd) [105][106]
Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom -27.2 Braemar Aberdeenshire, Scotland [107] 11 February 1895 and 10 January 1982 38.5 Brogdale (near Faversham) Kent [107][108] 10 August 2003
Altnaharra Highland, Scotland [107] 30 December 1995
Flag of the Vatican City Vatican City -8.2 Collegio Romano, Roma, Italy (nearest station) 21 February 1845 42.0 Collegio Romano, Roma, Italy (nearest station) [109] 27 July 1841

[edit] Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Shumë nxehtë, shumë ftohtë, çfarë po ndodh?, Shekulli Online. Retrieved 14 October 2007.
  2. ^ This reading has occasionally been given incorrectly as -26.8°C.
  3. ^ 45.3°C reported from Lezhë county, possibly from the town of Kallmet, on 23 August 1939 is probably unreliable. If the reading is correct, a more likely date would be close to 22 July 1939, when a temperature of 44.3°C was reported from Serbia.
  4. ^ Climatology, Monthly Reports Query, Web de Meteorologia del Govern d’Andorra. Retrieved 4 July 2007.
  5. ^ Grau Roig is a ski resort at high elevation. -32°C has possibly been recorded at another high elevation ski resort at Pas de la Casa. -18°C has been recorded at the town of Las Escaldas.
  6. ^ Meteorological Data Records, Forces Elèctrique d’Andorra. Retrieved 1 July 2007.
  7. ^ a b 38.5°C may have been recorded at Andorra la Vella in 2005.
  8. ^ Klimatabelle für Les Escaldes (Las Escaldas) (Andorra), wetter.com. Retrieved 2 July 2007.
  9. ^ a b Österreichische Wetterrekorde, Wetter Österreich. Retrieved 25 January 2007.
  10. ^ -52.6°C was recorded in a sinkhole (or doline) at Grünloch, Gstettner Alm near Lunz Niederösterreich (Lower Austria) state between 19 February and 4 March 1932. -37.4°C was recorded at high elevation on Sonnblick, near Bad Gastein Salzburg state on 1 January 1905.
  11. ^ Ilha de São Miguel Normais Climatológicas, Clima e Meteorologia dos Arquipélagos Atlánticos. Retrieved 15 May 2007.
  12. ^ Historical Weather: Santa Maria Acores, Portugal, El Tiempo. Retrieved 2 November 2007.
  13. ^ Station is believed to be at the Aeroporto de Santa Maria.
  14. ^ 32.2°C has been reported from the same station, and 31.1°C has been reported from Santa Cruz on Flores Island and Horta on Faial Island, although these readings are probably unreliable.
  15. ^ Холодный фронт пошел в наступление, Народная Газета. Retrieved 30 November 2007.
  16. ^ a b Air temperature and precipitation daily data, Meteo.ru. Retrieved 26 January 2007.
  17. ^ a b Records, Koninklijk Meteorologisch Instituut van België. Retrieved 26 January 2007.
  18. ^ a b Meteorološki Godišnjak, Godina 1954, Hidrometeorološka Služba, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 12 January 2008.
  19. ^ -43.5°C was recorded in a sinkhole (or doline) at Veliko Polje, Igman-Mrazište on 24 January 1963.
  20. ^ Službene stranice Federalnog hidrometeorološkog zavoda - odsjek za klimatolološke stud..., Federalni Hidrometeorološki Zavod (FHMZ). Retrieved 30 November 2007.
  21. ^ 46.2°C reported from Mostar on 31 July 1901 is probably unreliable.
  22. ^ a b Любопитни Факти 3a BpEMeTo, Smile Fun. Retrieved 21 November 2006
  23. ^ 04.02.2007. - Danas Prije 78 Godina Najniža Izmjerena Temperatura u Hrvatskoj, CroMeteo Forum. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
  24. ^ Climate Monitoring and Assessment For 2004, Državni Hidrometeorološki Zavod (DHMZ). Retrieved 15 February 2007.
  25. ^ a b Czech Republic. Portraits of Regions, Ministry for Regional Development of the Czech Republic. Retrieved 15 February 2007.
  26. ^ a b Danmark, Færøernes og Grønlands Klima, Danmarks Meteorologiske Institut. Retrieved 17 February 2007.
  27. ^ a b Location and natural conditions, Nature Estonica. Retrieved 23 February 2007.
  28. ^ The lowest temperature recorded in the last 50 years is -12.3°C at Vágar Airport on 4 March 2001.
  29. ^ The Climate of Denmark 2003 with The Faroe Islands and Greenland, Danish Meteorological Institute. Retrieved 17 February 2007.
  30. ^ a b Suomen ja maapallon sääennätyksiä, Imatieteen Laitos (Finnish Meteorological Institute). Retrieved 28 February 2007.
  31. ^ La température et l'humidité relative, Météolaflèche. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
  32. ^ Temps du Mois, Août 2003, Gard, MeteoFrance. Retrieved 9 March 2007.
  33. ^ Wetterrekorde – Lufttemperatur, Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 25 February 2007.
  34. ^ -45.9°C was recorded in a sinkhole (or doline) at Funtensee Oberbayern (Upper Bavaria) state on 24 December 2001.
  35. ^ This record is not officially recognised. 40.2°C has been recorded 4 times: at Garmersdorf bei Amberg (Niederbayern (Lower Bavaria) state on 8 August 2003; at Karlsruhe Baden-Württemberg state on 9 August and 13 August 2003; and at Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg state on 13 August 2003.
  36. ^ Maximiliano Herrera, personal communication.
  37. ^ Global Summary of the Day (GSOD), National Climatic Data Center. Retrieved 30 March 2008.
  38. ^ Query for record temperatures in Greece, e-kairos.com. Retrieved 15 October 2007.
  39. ^ The full date of the record is probably 26 January or 27 January 1963.
  40. ^ Το θερμόμετρο τραβάει την ανηφόρα, Το ΒΗΜΑ Online. Retrieved 31 March 2007.
  41. ^ Some sources report 48.7°C at Tatoi on the same day, which would be a European record.
  42. ^ Annales du Bureau Central Météorologique de France, Année 1904, I, Mémoires, Ministère de l’Instruction Publique, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 6 June 2007.
  43. ^ August 2003 - Hot spell, UK Meteorological Office. Retrieved 31 March 2007.
  44. ^ a b Hőmérsékleti rekordok Magyarországon, Snowhunter oldala. Retrieved 16 October 2007.
  45. ^ Location was formerly known as Görömbölytapolca, and today is often known as simply Tapolca.
  46. ^ a b Nokkur íslensk veðurmet, Veðurstofa Íslands. Retrieved 25 March 2007
  47. ^ a b Temperature in Ireland, Met Éireann. Retrieved 25 March 2007.
  48. ^ a b c Meaden, G.T. and J.D.C. Webb (1984). Britain’s Highest Authentic Temperatures: The County Records. Journal of Meteorology, 9, 82-84.
  49. ^ Temperatures lower than -40°C reported from various inhabited places in northern Italy are probably unreliable. -42°C was recorded at at Gran Gioves at high elevation on Mont Blanc (Monte Bianco) on 30 January 1963.
  50. ^ Valori medi e estremi della temperature, Anno 1999, Agenzia Regionale per i Rifiuti e le Acque - Osservatorio delle Acque. Retrieved 5 March 2007.
  51. ^ It is believed the recording was made at the place stated. -10.9°C was recorded at Jersey Airport on 20 January 1963. -11.7°C reported on 12 January 1987 is believed to be incorrect.
  52. ^ Perry, Allen. South-West England and the Channel Islands. In: Wheeler, Dennis and Julian Mayes (ed) (1997). Regional Climates of the British Isles. Routledge (UK). ISBN 0415139309.
  53. ^ Meteorološki Godišnjak, Godina 1963, Hidrometeorološka Služba, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 11 January 2008.
  54. ^ Heat wave wreaks havoc across Southeast Europe, Southeast European Times. Retrieved 13 January 2008.
  55. ^ Februāris, Latvijas Vides, ģeoloģijas un meteoroloģijas aģentūra. Retrieved 13 February 2008.
  56. ^ Some sources report the date as 31 January 1956.
  57. ^ Augusts, Latvijas Vides, ģeoloģijas un meteoroloģijas aģentūra. Retrieved 30 July 2007.
  58. ^ Some sources quote the date incorrectly as 28 August 1943.
  59. ^ Possibly recorded in January 1940.
  60. ^ Weather Archive for Liechtenstein, Russia’s Weather Server – Weather Archive. Retrieved 2 April 2007.
  61. ^ a b Meteorologiniai rekordai Lietuvoje, Lietuvos Hidrometeorologijos Tarnyba. Retrieved 2 April 2007.
  62. ^ a b McWhirter, Norris and Ross McWhirter (1969). Dunlop Illustrated Encyclopedia of Facts. Doubleday. ISBN 0385011199.
  63. ^ -24.3°C has also been reported from Clémency, date unknown.
  64. ^ Historical Weather: Luxembourg / Luxembourg, Luxembourg, El Tiempo. Retrieved 2 April 2007.
  65. ^ Månadens världsväder, Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institute (SMHI). Retrieved 16 October 2007.
  66. ^ a b World Meteorological Day, National Statistics Office, Malta. Retrieved 20 July 2007.
  67. ^ a b Valletta may have recorded 1.1°C in earlier years. -1.7°C reported in February 1962, possibly at Ta’Qali is possibly reliable.
  68. ^ Water Scarcity, Water Services Corporation. Retrieved 20 July 2007.
  69. ^ Recorduri meteorologice în Republica Moldova, Caracterizarea climatică şi agroclimatică a lunii ianuarie pe teritoriul Republicii Moldova], Serviciului Hidrometeorologic de Stat. Retrieved 9 March 2008.
  70. ^ Les Intemperies de 2001 à 2007, La Climatologie. Retrieved 30 November 2007.
  71. ^ This reading is possibly unreliable. 41.5°C was reported from Camenca [Transnistria]] on 21 July 2007.
  72. ^ Hiver et Vagues de Froid sur la Cote d’Azur, La Météo en Provence. Retrieved 6 June 2007.
  73. ^ 2006: Temperatura I Padavine, Hidrometeorološki Zavod Crne Gore]. Retrieved 30 November 2007.
  74. ^ Date is believed to be correct.
  75. ^ Avgust 2007 Preliminarna Klimatološka Analiza, Hidrometeorološki Zavod Crne Gore (HMZCG). Retrieved 16 October 2007.
  76. ^ a b Weerrecords Nederland en wereld, Meteonet. Retrieved 31 March 2007.
  77. ^ a b Høyeste, laveste lufttemperatur og største døgnnedbør, Meteorologisk institutt. Retrieved 4 March 2007.
  78. ^ a b Rekordy klimatyczne w Polsce, Instytut Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej, Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Retrieved 7 April 2007.
  79. ^ a b "Reveillon" português sem chuva, mas a bater o dente de frio, Fundação Frei Pedro. Retrieved 8 April 2007.
  80. ^ Caracterização Climática 2003, Instituto de Meteorologia. Retrieved 7 April 2007.
  81. ^ A temperature of 50.5°C reported from Los Riodades on 4 August 1881 is not credible.
  82. ^ a b Thermal Extremes, National Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 8 April 2007.
  83. ^ Europe: Lowest Temperature, Arizona State University - WMO. Retrieved 6 January 2008.
  84. ^ An unconfirmed temperature of 44°C has been reported from Respublika Kalmykiya (Republic of Kalmykia) in 1930 and 1940.
  85. ^ a b Pierluigi Randi, Climatologist.
  86. ^ a b Temperature regime in Serbia, Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia. Retrieved 17 October 2007.
  87. ^ Slovensko - Základné informácie o Slovensku, Kysuce. Retrieved 8 April 2007.
  88. ^ Teplota stúpla po prvý raz nad 40 stupňov Celzia, SME.sk. Retrieved 18 October 2007.
  89. ^ a b Slovenski Vremenski Rekordi, Agencija Republike Slovenije za Okolje. Retrieved 2 December 2007.
  90. ^ -41.7°C was recorded in a sinkhole (or doline) at Lepa Komna on 25 January 2006.
  91. ^ 40.7°C reported at Krško on 5 July 1952 is incorrect.
  92. ^ Efemérides meteorológicas del mes de Febrero, MeteoRed.com. Retrieved 8 April 2007.
  93. ^ Estany Gento is uninhabited. -30.0 was recorded at Calamocha Teruel province on 17 December 1963.
  94. ^ Efemérides Meteorológicos Valores Extremos, Instituto Nacional de Meteorología (INM). Retrieved 8 April 2007.
  95. ^ Temperatures of 51°C on 30 July 1876, and 50.0°C on 4 August 1881, both reported from Sevilla (Seville) (Andalucía province) were not recorded under standard exposures. Numerous reports of temperatures of 48°C and above have been recorded in Spain, none of which are believed to be reliable. The highest temperature recorded in Spain since 1900 is 47.2°C at Murcia Alfonso X (Murcia province) on 4 July 1994.
  96. ^ The early 20th century warming. Daily observations at Green Harbour, Grønfjorden, Spitsbergen, Norwegian Meteorological Institute. Retrieved 4 March 2007.
  97. ^ Meteorologisk Institutt, Norway
  98. ^ a b c Official Swedish Meteorological Records, Sveriges meteorologiska och hydrologiska institute (SMHI). Retrieved 8 April 2007.
  99. ^ Recorded on a private thermometer later checked by SMHI. The lowest temperature recorded on an official thermometer is -52.6°C at Vuoggatjålme Norrbotten county on 2 February 1966.
  100. ^ Die aufgeführten Extremwerte basieren auf den Messstandorten der MeteoSchweiz (Stand Ende 2005), MeteoSwiss. Retrieved 25 February 2007.
  101. ^ -52.5°C was recorded in a sinkhole (or doline) at Glattalp Schwyz canton on 7 February 1991.
  102. ^ Die extreme Sommerhitze im aussergewöhnlichen Witterungsjahr 2003, MeteoSchweiz. Retrieved 31 March 2007.
  103. ^ 41.5°C was recorded at Grono Graubünden canton on the same day in a non-standard exposure. The corrected temperature was estimated to be 40°C, which would be a Swiss record.
  104. ^ Про особливості осінньо-зимових сезонів в Україні 2000-2006 рр, Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Center. Retrieved 15 March 2007.
  105. ^ Лето Днепропетровск, gorod.dp.ua. Retrieved 20 July 2007.
  106. ^ Believed to have been recorded in the Dnepropetrovsk province, and most likely in the town of Pavlohrad.
  107. ^ a b c Extreme Weather, UK Meteorological Office. Retrieved 31 March 2007.
  108. ^ This reading may be too high due to over-exposure. 38.1°C was recorded at Gravesend Kent (also possibly over-exposed), and Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Greater London, both on 10 August 2003.
  109. ^ Record Meteorologici di Roma, Centro Meteorologico Romano. Retrieved 8 April 2007.