Holothyrida

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Holothyrida
Holothyrus nitidissimusThorell, 1882
Holothyrus nitidissimus
Thorell, 1882
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Arachnida
Subclass: Acari
Superorder: Parasitiformes
Order: Holothyrida
Diversity
10 genera, > 25 species
Families

See text.

The Holothyrida are a small order of mites in the superorder Parasitiformes. No fossils are known. With body lengths of more than 2 mm they are relatively large mites, with a heavily sclerotized body. They mainly feed on the body fluids of dead arthropods. This was possibly the common way of feeding for ticks before they adapted for feeding on the blood of live animals[1].

Although only 25 species are currently described, many others have been collected.

The order has a Gondwanan distribution. They are likely the sister group to Ixodida (ticks)[2].

Contents

[edit] Systematics

[edit] Allothyridae

Allothyridae van der Hammen, 1972 — Australia

  • Allothyrus van der Hammen, 1961
  • Allothyrus australasiae (Womersley, 1935)
  • Allothyrus contrictus (Domrow, 1955)
  • Australothyrus van der Hammen, 1983
  • Australothyrus ocellatus van der Hammen, 1983

[edit] Holothyridae

Holothyridae Thorell, 1882

  • Sternothyrus Lehtinen, 1995
  • Sternothyrus braueri (Thon, 1905) — Seychelles
  • Lindothyrus Lehtinen, 1995
  • Indothyrus Lehtinen, 1995
  • Indothyrus greeni Lehtinen, 1995 — Sri Lanka
  • Haplothyrus Lehtinen, 1995
  • Haplothyrus expolitissimus (Berlese, 1924) — New Caledonia
  • Haplothyrus hyatti Lehtinen, 1995 — unknown locality
  • Holothyrus coccinella Gervais, 1842
  • Holothyrus legendrei Hammen, 1983
  • Hammenius Lehtinen, 1981
  • Hammenius armatus (Canestrini, 1897) — Tamara Island (Aitape): New Guinea
  • Hammenius berlesei (Lehtinen, 1995) — New Guinea
  • Hammenius braueri (Thon, 1906)
  • Hammenius fujuge Lehtinen, 1981 — New Guinea (Central District, Oro Province)
  • Hammenius grandjeani (Hammen, 1961) — Mount Bosavi: New Guinea
  • Hammenius holthuisi van der Hammen, 1983
  • Hammenius ingii Lehtinen, 1981 — New Guinea
  • Hammenius insularis Lehtinen, 1995 — Louisiade Archipelago: New Guinea
  • Hammenius longipes (Thorell, 1882) — Fly River, New Guinea (?)
  • Hammenius mendi (Lehtinen, 1995) — Strickland River: New Guinea
  • Hammenius montanus Hammen, 1983 — Irian Jaya
  • Hammenius niger (Thon, 1906)

[edit] Neothyridae

Neothyridae Lehtinen, 1981

  • Diplothyrus Lehtinen, 1999
  • Diplothyrus schubarti Lehtinen, 1999
  • Neothyrus Lehtinen, 1981
  • Neothyrus ana Lehtinen, 1981

[edit] Footnotes

  1. ^ Walter & Proctor 1998
  2. ^ Dobson & Barker 1999

[edit] References

  • Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog: Holothyrida
  • Bruce Halliday: Order Holothyrida
  • Lehtinen, Pekka T. (1995): Revision of the old world Holothyridae (Arachnida : Anactinotrichida : Holothyrina). Invertebrate Taxonomy 9(4): 767-826. doi:10.1071/IT9950767
  • Walter, D.E. & Proctor, H.C. (1998): Feeding behaviour and phylogeny: observations on early derivative Acari. Exp. Appl. Acarol 22: 39-50.
  • Dobson, S.J. & Barker, S.C. (1999): Phylogeny of the hard ticks (Ixodidae) inferred from 18S rRNA indicates that the genus Aponomma is paraphyletic. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol 11: 288-295 PMID 10191073
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