HNoMS Rauma (1940-1963)
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.jpg/300px-HNoMS_Rauma_(1939).jpg) HNoMS Rauma directly after launch in Oslo, 29.09.1939. |
|
| Career (Norway) |  |
|---|---|
| Name: | Rauma |
| Builder: | Nylands Verksted, Oslo |
| Launched: | 26 September 1939 |
| Commissioned: | January 1940 |
| Decommissioned: | 21 August 1959 |
| Fate: | Scrapped 1963 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 355 tons[1] |
| Length: | 51 metres (167.32 ft) |
| Beam: | 7 metres (22.97 ft) |
| Draft: | 1.8 metres (5.91 ft) |
| Propulsion: | Two 900 hp Triple expansion steam engines, two shafts |
| Speed: | 15 knots (27.78 km/h) |
| Range: | 1,400 nautical miles (2,592.80 km) at 9 knots (16.67 km/h) |
| Complement: | 25 men |
| Armament: | As built:[2] 1 × 76 mm gun 2 × anti-aircraft machine guns After German rebuild:[3] 2 × 76 mm guns 2 × 2 cm AA guns 2 × machine guns Mines |
As the threat of war in Europe became ever more clear the decision was made to improve the Royal Norwegian Navy's mine warfare capabilities. At first a number of 2. class gunboats were rebuilt into minelayers and minesweepers, but with war looming it soon became clear that more capable vessels were required.[4] Thus, two new purpose-built minesweepers were constructed at Nylands Verksted in Oslo; the Otra and the Rauma. Both ships were completed and commissioned only a short time before the German invasion of Norway. The Otra class vessels used the Oropesa system of minesweeping.[1]
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[edit] Name
She was named after the Rauma, a 68 km long river in the counties of Oppland and Møre og Romsdal in Norway.
[edit] The invasion
[edit] Prelude
Shortly before the German invasion the UK announced that the Royal Navy had laid out a number of minefields along the coast of Norway to interfere with the German import of Swedish iron ore through the north Norwegian port of Narvik. The British government claimed to have mined three areas; off Stad, Hustadvika, and Landegode north of Bodø. In response to this report, the Norwegian government ordered the minesweepers Otra and Rauma to sail north from their base in Horten and sweep the minefields on 9 April 1940.[4]
[edit] The invasion force is spotted
Before the order to go north could be carried out, however, the German invasion of Norway began in the early hours of 9 April. As reports of intruding warships started coming in the Otra was sent out to investigate, and at 0410 hrs reported that the intruders were German. The invasion flotilla blocked the Otra's return to Horten.[5]
[edit] Battle in Horten harbour
An important part of the Germans' plan to invade Norway was the seizure of the Royal Norwegian Navy's main naval base at Horten in the Oslofjord. A force consisting of the R-boat[6] minesweepers R.17 and R.27 and the torpedo boats Albatros and Kondor entered the Horten harbour at 0435 hrs, shortly after the invasion was identified by Otra. Defending the naval base was the Rauma and the minelayer HNoMS Olav Tryggvason. The Rauma charged the enemy vessels with her single 76 mm gun and two machine guns, succeeding in helping the Olav Tryggvason sink the R.17 and force a damaged Albatros to flee the area. However, despite the intense fire from the two Norwegian warships, the R.27 managed to land a small force of infantry in the harbour before running aground after repeated hits. While running the gauntlet between the Norwegian ships the R.27 returned fire and hit the Rauma repeatedly, severely damaging the minesweeper and killing her commander, Lieutenant I. K. Winsnes, and a sailor, as well as wounding six others.[7][4] Only eight crew members remained unwounded.[2] At 0735hrs, after threats of aerial bombardment of the naval base and the city right next to it, as well as a misguided impression of the size of the German landing force, the Norwegian forces at Horten surrendered.
[edit] German service as the Kamerun
After the German capture of Horten the surrendered Norwegian vessels were pressed into Kriegsmarine service. The Rauma was repaired and recommissioned as the Kamerun on 18 April 1940.[3] The Kamerun first served as a Vorpostenboot in the Hafenschutzflotille Oslo, later being converted into a minelayer.[4] Kamerun spent her entire war in Norway and was part of GM-SA (German Mine Sweeping Admin.) after the German surrender in 1945.[1]
[edit] Post-war service
After the war the Rauma was recommissioned in 1947 and in 1949 was rebuilt as a minelayer training ship. She was decommissioned in Horten 21 Aug, 1959 and laid up until put out of service and sold in April 1963.[4][1]
[edit] See also
[edit] Footnotes
[edit] Literature
- Abelsen, Frank: Norwegian naval ships 1939-1945, Sem & Stenersen AS, Oslo 1986 ISBN 82-7046-050-8
- Berg, Ole F.: I skjærgården og på havet - Marinens krig 8. april 1940 - 8. mai 1945, Marinens Krigsveteranforening, Oslo 1997 ISBN 82-993545-2-8 77 (Norwegian)
