HMS Sheffield (C24)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 |
|
| Career (UK) |  |
|---|---|
| Class and type: | Town-class light cruiser |
| Name: | HMS Sheffield |
| Builder: | Vickers Armstrong |
| Laid down: | 31 January 1935 |
| Launched: | 23 July 1936 |
| Commissioned: | 25 August 1937 |
| Fate: | scrapped Faslane (now HMNB Clyde), 1967 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 9,100 tons standard 11,350 tons full load |
| Length: | 558 ft (170 m) |
| Beam: | 61 ft 8 in (18.8 m) |
| Draught: | 21 ft 6 in (6.6 m) |
| Propulsion: | Four-shaft Parsons geared turbines Four Admiralty 3-drum boilers 75,000 shp |
| Speed: | 32 knots (59 km/h) |
| Complement: | 748 |
| Armament: | 12 × 6"/50 cal. [triple mounts] 8 × 4" [double mounts] 4 × 3 pdr., 8 x 2 pdr. [quadruple mounts] Torpedo tubes: 6 × 21". |
| Notes: | Pennant number C24 |
HMS Sheffield (C24) was one of the Southampton sub class of the Town class cruisers of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. She took part in actions against several major German warships. Unlike most Royal Navy ships of her time, her fittings were constructed from stainless steel instead of the more traditional brass. This was an attempt to reduce the amount of cleaning required on the part of the crew. Her nickname, the "Shiny Sheff", stemmed from this.
[edit] War service
At the outbreak of war, Sheffield served with the 18th Cruiser Squadron, patrolling the Denmark Straits and then, in April 1940, she was engaged in the Norwegian Campaign. After a short spell carrying out anti-invasion duties in the English Channel, she joined Force H, based in Gibraltar. During that time, she operated in the Mediterranean and the Atlantic until the year's end.
In 1941, she participated in the shelling of Genoa (9 February), operations against Vichy convoys and supporting air reinforcements to Malta. In May, Sheffield took part in the sinking of the German battleship Bismarck, narrowly escaping a friendly fire torpedo attack by HMS Ark Royal's Fairey Swordfish aircraft. On 12 June, she located and sunk one of Bismarck's tankers, the Friedrich Breme. After the destruction of another German supply ship, the Kota Penang in early October (with HMS Kenya), Sheffield returned to Britain.
She was occupied on Arctic convoys until hitting a mine off Iceland on 3 March 1942 and was under repair until July. After more Arctic convoys, Sheffield joined the forces supporting the Allied landings in North Africa (Operation Torch) in November. In December, Sheffield and Jamaica formed "Force R", under the command of Rear-Admiral Robert L. Burnett (in Sheffield), which provided cover for convoy JW51B. The convoy was attacked by a strong German surface force, but, in the ensuing action (Battle of the Barents Sea), the Germans withdrew and Sheffield sank the German destroyer Friedrich Ekholdt.
In February 1943, Sheffield moved to operate in the Bay of Biscay and, in July and August, she supported the landings at Salerno (Operation Avalanche). Returning yet again to the Arctic, she took part in the sinking of the battleship Scharnhorst off the north coast of Norway, in late December.
In 1944, Sheffield was an escort for the Royal Navy carrier force that executed a series of air attacks on the German battleship Tirpitz, between April and August. These had limited success and responsibility was passed to the Royal Air Force.
A lengthy refit in Boston and in Britain kept Sheffield out of action until after the end of the war.
[edit] Post-war
The refit was completed in May 1946 and Sheffield alternated between duties in the West Indies (where in 1954 she served as flagship of the 8th Cruiser Squadron) and in home waters and the Mediterranean. There were further refits in 1949/50 and 1954. She went into reserve in January 1959 and became flagship of the Home Fleet until September 1964, when she was placed on the disposal list.
Her equipment was removed at Rosyth in 1967 and was then broken up at Faslane in the same year. The stainless steel ship's bell, which was made by Hadfield's of Sheffield, was preserved and today hangs in Sheffield Cathedral along with her battle ensign.
[edit] References
- Colledge, J. J. and Warlow, Ben (2006). Ships of the Royal Navy: the complete record of all fighting ships of the Royal Navy, Rev. ed., London: Chatham. ISBN 9781861762818. OCLC 67375475.
- Chesneau, Roger (ed.) (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1922-1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
- HMS Sheffield at Uboat.net
- HMS Sheffield - WWII cruisers
- Whitley, M J (1995). Cruisers of World War 2: an International Encyclopedia. London: Arms & Armour Press, pp 104 - 107. ISBN 1-85409-225-1.
| Preceded by N/A |
HMS Sheffield 1936-1967 |
Succeeded by D80 |
|
||||||||||||||
