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Settlements began to develop in the Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg area of north-east Hungary after the conquest of the Magyars, devastated by the Mongol invasion in 1241, and blocking their development for several decades. The history of Nyíregyháza provides an appropriate example for this process. The Turks hardly succeeded in invading the northern parts of the region: therefore, many buildings from Árpád's age and the Medieval Era were preserved in relatively good state. In the Romanesque church of Csaroda, there are wall paintings dating back to the 13th century, and the Medieval churches of Nyírbátor have been almost completely preserved. In the 16th century, the spread of Protestantism and Calvinism brought about changes in town life.
