Hiero I of Syracuse
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Hiero I was the brother of Gelo and tyrant of Syracuse from 478 to 467 BC. In succeeding Gelo, he conspired against a third brother Polyzelos. During his reign, he greatly increased the power of Syracuse. He removed the inhabitants of Naxos and Catana to Leontini, peopled Catana (which he renamed Aetna) with Dorians, concluded an alliance with Acragas (Agrigentum) and espoused the cause of the Locrians against Anaxilas, tyrant of Rhegium.
His most important achievement was the defeat of the Etruscans at the Battle of Cumae (474 BC), by which he saved the Greeks of Campania from Etruscan domination. A bronze helmet (now in the British Museum), with an inscription commemorating the event, was dedicated at Olympia. Though despotic in his rule Hiero was a liberal patron of literature and culture, and is known from the works of Pindar to have won a chariot race at the Theban Iolaia, and he was also praised (along with his horse, Pherenicos) by Bacchylides in that poet's 5th ode. He was enthusiastically pederastic, and sought the companionship of other pederastic intellectuals which he invited to his court.[1] One of his eromenoi was named Daelochus. He died at Catana in 467.
Pindar's first Olympian Ode is dedicated to Hieron (Ίηρονος, Hiêronos in Greek), whose horse won in the single horse race.
[edit] Notes
- ^ Percy, William A. Pederasty and Pedagogy in Archaic Greece, p. 168.
[edit] References
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
- Diod. Sic. xi. 38-67; Xenophon, Hiero, 6. 2; E. Lübbert, Syrakus zur Zeit des Gelon und Hieron (1875).
| Preceded by: Gelo |
Tyrant of Gela 485 BC– 478 BC |
Succeeded by: Polyzelos |
| Preceded by: Gelo |
Tyrant of Syracuse 478 BC– 466 BC |
Succeeded by: Thrasybulus |
