Herod Philip I

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Herod Philip I (ca. 27 BCE - 33 CE)^[1] was the son of Herod the Great and his fifth wife Cleopatra. He was the second husband of Herodias. Her first husband was Herod II (Herod the Great's son by Mariamne II) and this marriage produced Salome. Philip died childless, since there was no clear successor to his throne.

After Philip's death, Herodias married his half-brother, Herod Antipas. It was this proposed marriage that John the Baptist opposed (Matt. 14: 3-5, Luke 3:18-20). Leviticus 18:16 says it is unlawful for a man to see his brother's wife naked, which meant that John was right and the match was illegal under Mosaic law. The Gospel of Matthew indicates that John was executed because he criticized this marriage (Matt 14:3-12). Josephus Flavius does not specifically say this but the two events, the marriage and the execution (and the resulting war with King Aretas of Petra), do appear to be linked. (Josephus, Antiquities 18:116-119)

Philip ruled a large kingdom of territories east of the Sea of Galilee (Panias, Gaulanitis, Batanaea, Trachonitis, Ituraea, and Auranitis). He made Bethsaida (on the north end of the Sea of Galilee a city and renamed it Julias, in honor of Augustus' daughter. He also expanded Panias, renaming it Caesarea, in honor of the Emperor, and made it his capital.

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[edit] References

• Kokkinos, Nikkos (1998). he Herodian Dynasty: Origins, Role in Society and Eclipse, Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha Supplement Series. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, p. 236-240. ISBN 1-85075-690-2.