Herbert Tudor Buckland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Herbert Tudor Buckland (November 20, 1869 - 1951) was a British architect, best known for his seminal Arts and Crafts houses (several of which, including his own at Edgbaston, Birmingham are Grade I listed), the Elan Valley model village, educational buildings such as the campus of the Royal Hospital School in Suffolk and St Hugh's College Oxford.
Contents |
[edit] Biography
Buckland was born in Barmouth, Wales and educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham and the school of architecture at Birmingham School of Art. After a period working for C. E. Bateman at the firm Bateman and Bateman Buckland set up in independent practice in 1897, entering into partnership with Edward Haywood-Farmer in 1900. In 1914 he went into partnership with William Haywood, Edward Haywood-Farmer's relative and on Haywood-Farmer's death in 1917 the practice continued with William Haywood as Buckland and Haywood.
Buckland followed William Martin as architect to the School Board in 1901[1] and then served as architect to the City of Birmingham Education Committee after the abolition of school boards in 1902: his buildings are amongst Birmingham's most forward-looking of their time. He also sat on the Executive Council of The Birmingham Civic Society which devised many schemes for the improvement of Birmingham in the 1920's and 1930's including the purchase of many parks and open spaces which were gifted to the city. Much of modern Birmingham owes its origins to the ideas put forward by Buckland and Haywood over 75 years ago.
The partnership of Buckland-Farmer operated from offices in Norwich Union Chambers, Corngreve Street (now demolished). Buckland & Haywood specialised in school work, and St. Hugh’s College, Oxford (1914-6) gained them a national reputation. Their largest work in this field is the Royal Hospital School, Holbrook, Suffolk (1925-33), which includes a splendid chapel.
In his domestic work Buckland showed an originality that was much admired, helping make Birmingham the centre for a magnificent group of provincial architects (a rare thing in Britain, where the Capital is one of the most metropolitan) at a time when London architects were some of the world's best. Alan Crawford, distinguished authority on the Arts and Crafts period, confirms that Buckland "developed such a highly personal style of such quality in domestic work that he must rank with the best of his time" - Edwin Lutyens, Charles Voysey and Baillie Scott. Buckland's designs were much copied by his contemporaries and comparisons with Voysey are interesting.
[edit] Major built works
- Yateley Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham has a number of fine Arts and Crafts houses, of which No. 21, designed as his own home in (1899), is among the most stylish, with its preserved Arts and Crafts period interior and garden based on a design by Gertrude Jekyll. Listed Grade I. Also 15, 17 and 19 - Grade II.
- Royal Hospital School, Babergh, Suffolk (1933): as spaciously planned a major building as any in the neo-Wren, neo-Georgian style, its scale and formality undeniably impressive. Listed Grade II*
- Elan Valley Village (c.1909): an entire Model village built to service the work force of the newly constructed Elan Valley Dam.
- St Hugh's College, Oxford
- University House, Birmingham University: built in 1908, with Neville Chamberlain as the chief fund raiser. It was the first university hostel for women, and the first to admit male guests. Listed Grade II
- Walkers Factory, Digbeth. Industrial architecture is not normally associated with the Arts and Crafts movement, but Birmingham has some excellent examples: Bucklands factory for the Walkers family at 58 Oxford Street being one.
- Great Roke, Witley by Buckland and Haywood-Farmer, built in 1909, with plaster work by Catterson-Smith Jr.(now Barrow Hills School). This house was the biggest, most ambitious house undertaken by the partners and is arguably one of the finest large houses produced by the Birmingham Movement. Alan Crawford describes it as "surely one of the last of the important essays in the Arts and Crafts manner".
[edit] See also
[edit] Sources
- ^ Birmingham Buildings, The Architectural Story of a Midland City, Bryan Little, 1971, ISBN 0-7153-5295-4
[edit] Further reading
- Nikolaus Pevsner, The Buildings of England, Cambridgeshire,ISBN 0-300-09586-4, Page: 196.
- Nikolaus Pevsner, The Buildings of England, Suffolk, ISBN 0-14-071020-5, Pages: 61,275.Illust.64b.
- Nikolaus Pevsner, The Buildings of England, Warwickshire, ISBN 0-300-09679-8, Pages: 187,271.
- Nikolaus Pevsner, The Buildings of England, Oxfordshire, ISBN 0-14-071045-0, Page: 247.
- Roy Hartnell, Pre-Raphaelite Birmingham, ISBN 1-85858-064-1, Page 110.
- Martin Hampson, Images of England, Edgbaston, ISBN 0-7524-1810-6, Pages: 57,79.
- Phillada Ballard, An Oasis of Delight, The History of the Birmingham Botanical Gardens, ISBN 1-85858-246-6, Page: 67.
- Douglas Hickman, Birmingham, ISBN 0-289-79800-0, Pages: 83,116,141.
- Andy Foster, Pevsner Architectural Guides Birmingham, ISBN 0-300-10731-5, Pages: 22,24,26,28,29,182,229,239,242,246,251,268n,288.
- Terry Slater, Edgbaston A History, ISBN 1-86077-216-1, Pages: 86(illust.114),53(illust.67),34,35(illust.45),30(illust.35).
- Alan Crawford (Editor), By Hammer and Hand, ISBN 0-7093-0119-7, Pages: 41,43,55-6,35
