Henry Hayes Lockwood

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Henry Hayes Lockwood (1814-99) was an American soldier and authority on military tactics. He was born in Kent Co., Del., graduated at West Point in 1836, served in the Seminole Wars as a lieutenant in the Second Artillery, and resigned his commission in the next year. In 1841 he was made professor of mathematics at the United States Naval Academy, where from 1851 to 1866 he held the professorship of field artillery and infantry tactics. He entered the Union army as colonel of the First Delaware Infantry, was commissioned a Brigadier General of volunteers on August 8, 1861, and served in the defenses of the lower Potomac. He commanded a brigade attached to XII Corps at the Battle of Gettysburg. His brigade was kept directly under corps headquarters during the battle, because acting corps commander Alpheus Williams did not want an unknown officer commanding first division just because he was senior of Brigadier General Thomas Ruger. The brigade was absorbed into the division after Williams returned to that command and Henry W. Slocum resumed corps command. In the winter of 1863-64 Lockwood was commander of the Middle Department, with headquarters at Baltimore, Maryland. Later he took part in the Richmond campaign, briefly commanding a division in V Corps. He was sent back to the Middle Department because his corps commander, Gouverneur K. Warren did not find him sufficiently energetic.