Henri II d'Orléans, duc de Longueville

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Henri II d'Orléans, duc de Longueville or Henri de Valois-Longueville (6 April 1595 — 11 May 1663), a legitimated prince of France (of royal descent) and peer of France, was a major figure in the civil war of France, the Fronde,^[1] and served as governor of Picardy, then of Normandy.

Longueville headed the French delegation in the talks that led to the Treaty of Westphalia which ended the Thirty Years War (1648). In his role as sovereign prince of Neuchâtel, and acting as antagonist of the Habsburg power rather than as liberal benefactor, he succeeded in obtaining the formal exemption from the Holy Roman Empire for all cantons and associates of the Swiss Confederacy.

His brother-in-law was Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé, leader of the aristocratic party in the Fronde. After the Peace of Rueil (11 March 1649,) had ended the first phase of the civil war, Mazarin's sudden arrest of the Grand Condé, his brother the prince de Conti and their brother-in-law the duc de Longueville, January 14, 1650, precipitated the next phase of the Fronde, the Fronde des nobles.

He appointed Dominique Bouhours as tutor to his two sons.