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Henning Schmitz, born December 26, 1953 in Germany, is a member of the electronic/experimental pop band Kraftwerk. He studied at the Musikhochschule Rheinland and the FH Düsseldorf, and in 1980 he received his Diplom-Ingenieur qualification (the German equivalent of a Master of Science degree) in sound and image technology.[citation needed] From 1978 he began working with Kraftwerk as a sound engineer, was first credited on the sleeve of the 1986 album Electric Café and later replaced short term member Fernando Abrantes in concerts from 1991 onwards.[citation needed] He has also created various pieces of music and sound effects for radio programmes produced by WDR since the mid-1980, currently also works as a freelance lecturer at the Robert-Schumann-Institut and in addition undertakes occasional sound production work on other artists' projects.[citation needed]
