User:Harish/Sandbox/Daredevil (film)

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Daredevil
Directed by Mark Steven Johnson
Produced by Avi Arad
Gary Foster
Arnon Milchan
Written by Screenplay:
Mark Steven Johnson
Comic Book:
Stan Lee
Bill Everett
Starring Ben Affleck
Jennifer Garner
Michael Clarke Duncan
Colin Farrell
Distributed by 20th Century Fox
Release date(s) February 14, 2003
Running time Theatrical Cut:
103 min.
Director's Cut:
133 min.
Language English
Budget $78,000,000
Gross revenue Domestic:
$102,543,518
Worldwide:
$179,179,718
Allmovie profile
IMDb profile

Daredevil is a 2003 superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name. Directed by Mark Steven Johnson, the film stars Ben Affleck as Matt Murdock, a blind lawyer who fights justice in the courtroom or as the vigilante, Daredevil. Jennifer Garner plays his love interest Elektra Natchios, Colin Farrell plays perfectly-aimed assassin Bullseye and Michael Clarke Duncan plays Wilson Fisk, also known as crime lord The Kingpin.

The film was in development from 1997 having started at 20th Century Fox, and Columbia Pictures, before New Regency acquired the rights in 2000. Johnson wrote the screenplay, and pushed Avi Arad to be able to direct it also. He chose to shoot the film primarily in Downtown Los Angeles, despite being based in the Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan setting of the comics. Rhythm and Hues were hired to handle CGI, whilst the fight scenes were staged by the Hong Kong action film duo of Cheung-Yan Yuen (action director) and Daxing Zhang (fight coordinator).

Varèse Sarabande put together a the score for Daredevil, which was composed by Graeme Revell. A director's cut of the film was released in 2005, which included about 30 minutes of new material, the majority of which being a sub-plot that had been removed. Reviews for Daredevil were generally mixed or average, but did well enough to allow a spin-off film, Elektra, which was released in 2005.

Contents

[edit] Plot

The film begins in in medias res with Daredevil clutching a cross at the top of a church, bleeding. He begins to make his way inside the church, to escape from the police spotlights. He is too injured to continue and collapses. The priest of the church comes along, holds a candle to his face, calling his proper name. Matthew Murdock then tells the story of his life as it flashes before his eyes.

As a child, Matt often got into fights with the local bullies. His father, Jack, a washed-up boxer, demanded he never fight back, for fear that Matt wouldn't amount to anything, instead insisting he study and become a doctor or a lawyer. Together they lived alone, albeit happily. One day, Matt saw Jack beating up a stranger, proving that he was operating as an enforcer for the local mob boss, Fallon, despite promising Matt that he never would. A devastated Matt ran away, blindly stumbling into the path of a forklift. Swerving to avoid him at the last second, the forklift smashed into radioactive biohazard chemicals that spilled into Matt's eyes, blinding him. He cannot see, but his other four senses obtained superhuman sharpness, and he learned to perceive his surroundings by human echolocation. Blaming himself for his son's condition, Jack returned to professional boxing to regain his dignity; he was later murdered by Fallon for refusing to throw a fight. Wilson Fisk, the man who would later be the crime don known as Kingpin, gave the final death blow to Jack. Matt promised to fight evil and avenge his father.

Years later, Murdock works as an attorney in Hell's Kitchen by day, becoming at night the vigilante known as Daredevil. As a lawyer, Matt seeks to always defend those who are innocent of any crime, spurning all other clients despite the insistence of his partner Foggy that such behaviour puts their business at extreme financial risk. As Daredevil, Matt seeks out and punishes those who escape conviction in the courtroom under false pretenses. He fights crime in solitude, until he meets the martial artist Elektra Natchios. Murdock becomes infatuated with Elektra and courts her. She, eventually, comes to reciprocate his emotions. In the meantime, reporter Ben Urich, who has been investigating Daredevil, finds a clue that reveals Murdock as the vigilante.

After Elektra's father is killed by the Kingpin's assassin Bullseye, she believes the murderer to be Daredevil. Armed with two sais, she locates him and attacks, beating the reluctant Daredevil by stabbing a Sai into his left shoulder. She removes Daredevil's mask, revealing his true face; before explanations can be made, Bullseye attacks. A short battle ensues, ending when Bullseye kills Elektra with her own sai. Daredevil, severely wounded, sets out for the church where he collapsed at the beginning of the film. The church itself is Daredevil's sanctuary, concealed by Father Stevens, the priest shown at the opening, who is Matthew's guide and mentor. Bullseye tracks him down and they fight, with Daredevil defeating Bullseye by throwing him through the church window, where he lands on a car.

Daredevil then goes to Fiskcorp to fight Kingpin, beating him in single combat. Here it is revealed that the Kingpin's obesity is an illusion, created by a rotund stomach and the partial concealment of heavily muscled limbs. At one point in the fight, Kingpin gains the upper hand; unable to locate him, Daredevil breaks a water-pipe, causing the water to drench and thereby outline his enemy. He gains the information by which to strike Kingpin down. Matt had earlier used this method to gain a visual image of Elektra's face, which he believed very beautiful.

Daredevil spares the Kingpin after revealing his secret identity as Matt Murdock. The Kingpin promises him that he will be released from prison eventually and that Daredevil's secret won't be safe. Matt accepts this, choosing to meet the challenge when it comes. When Kingpin threatens to reveal Murdock's identity to the underworld, Murdock counters that if he did, the Kingpin would fall into disgrace for having lost a fight to a blind man.

Throughout the film, Murdock deals with the moral implications of being a vigilante, and tries to prove that he is not a villain. His decision to spare Kingpin is a means of proving the latter to himself, on the grounds that a villain would have killed his opponent. In the last moments of the film Murdock finds a good luck charm that is similar to the one Elektra showed him, suggesting that she may still be alive. The film ends with Ben Urich, who realizes that a man like Daredevil is needed, deciding at the last moment to delete the article he had composed, and even encouraging Murdock to carry on with his fight.

[edit] Cast

  • Ben Affleck as Matt Murdock / Daredevil: An attorney-at-law with a disability. He was blinded as a youth in a radioactive accident that also drastically heightened his remaining senses and gave him a "radar-sense", which allowed him to perceive his surroundings. After this, he makes a silent promise with his father to "stick up for the long shots". His father is killed not long after and at that moment, he vows to seeks justice by any means. At night, Murdock becomes Daredevil, and takes justice into his hands. Affleck was cast in October 2001. Vin Diesel was considered to portray Daredevil before him, but he opted to take a role from another film.[1] Colin Farrell was also considered until Affleck signed.[2] As a fan, Affleck made sure he had read every single issue of Daredevil, commenting that it was about taking what he knew as a fan and faithfully getting it on the screen. Joe Quesada considered it "serendipity in action" that Affleck is the lead role, as when he and Kevin Smith did the Guardian Devil series, they had modelled it on Affleck.[3] Affleck said Daredevil was his favourite comic book as a kid,[4] and explained why he took the role by saying "Everybody has that one thing from childhood that they remember and that sticks with them. This story was that for me."[5] He also stated another reason, being "I didn't want someone else to do it, because I was afraid that they would go out and do it different from the comic and screw it up."[6]
  • Scott Terra as Young Matt Murdock: As a youth, he has trouble with local bullies and a close bond with his father. This changes in different ways after the accident. Terra was officially announced as a part of the cast in March 2002.[7]
  • Jennifer Garner as Elektra Natchios: Daughter of billionaire Nikolas Natchios and the love interest of Matt Murdock. At a very young age she witnessed the murder of her mother, and since then her father has had her become highly trained in martial arts. For the role of Elektra, many actresses were looked into with considerations including Penélope Cruz, Salma Hayek, Natalie Portman, Lucy Liu, Jessica Alba, and Katie Holmes.[8] A short-list was eventually made, giving the choices of Jennifer Garner, Jolene Blalock, Mía Maestro and Rhona Mitra,[9] with Garner finally becoming the actress to land the role.[8] Garner said of the character, "I think she's strong and cool and beautiful and smart. She'd be a good role model."[10] Garner noted that the costume would be different as Elektra often wears red satin, but in the film she wears black leather. Garner explained "the red would never have worked for hiding a harness, and I know this sounds ridiculous, but you have to protect your skin a little bit. They throw me around so much on the rooftop [that] I got cut through the leather, so imagine if I hadn't had anything."[6]
  • Colin Farrell as Bullseye: An assassin with perfect accuracy and deep-rooted pride of it. Bullseye is hired by Kingpin to kill Nikolas and Elektra Natchios, but when Daredevil gets involved and causes Bullseye to miss his target, he makes it his own personal vendetta to take Daredevil down. Farrell was attached to the role in December 2001.[2] For the film, the traditional Bullseye costume was not used in the film, a reason for which Mark Steven Johnson credited Joe Quesada for talking him out of.[3] Also, Farrell was encouraged to keep his Irish accent as this version of Bullseye is from Ireland.[6] Farrell had to read into Frank Miller's Daredevil comics to understand Bullseye "because the expression on the character's faces in the comic books, and just the way they move sometimes, and the exaggerations of the character I'm playing […] he's so over-the-top that you do draw from that. But it's not exactly a character you can do method acting for... you know, running around New York killing people with paper clips."[11]
  • Michael Clarke Duncan as Wilson Fisk / The Kingpin: By appearance, he is an overweight corporate head that takes the name Wilson Fisk, but in fact he is the sole person running organised crime, under the moniker of Kingpin. Kingpin is the murderer of Murdock's father, and the man responsible for the hiring of Bullseye, with intention of having the Natchios family murdered. Michael Clarke Duncan signed on for the role in January 2002, though he had been attached far earlier.[12] When Duncan was cast, he weighed 290 pounds. He was asked to gain 40 pounds for the role in order to fit the physique of Kingpin. In order to do this, he would lift weights for 30 minutes a day, and power-lifted with one or two reps a day, as well as eating whatever he wanted. Despite this, Duncan's biggest concern was that he is black, whilst Kingpin has always been portrayed with having white ethnicity.[13] He spoke on the fan's loyalty to the source material by saying "they watch movies to say, 'Hey, that's not like the comic book.' But I want them to get past that and just see the movie for what it is and see me for what I am — an actor."[6]
  • Joe Pantoliano as Ben Urich: An investigative journalist whose articles notably relate to Daredevil, and the Kingpin. During the film, he goes on to uncover a lot of information about the two. Pantoliano was cast in March 2002.[15]
  • David Keith as Jack Murdock: Father of Matt Murdock and a boxer, he is murdered by the Kingpin when he doesn't take a fall for a fight. Keith was officially announced as a part of the cast in March 2002.[7]
  • Leland Orser as Wesley Owen Welch: The number two of Wilson Fisk, but he doesn't like to be involved in the activities of the Kingpin.
  • Erick Avari as Nikolas Natchios: The father of Elektra, who is murdered by Bullseye on behalf of the Kingpin.
  • Derrick O'Connor as Father Everett: A priest of Matt Murdock's local church, where he sometimes goes to find solace.

Stan Lee, Frank Miller and Kevin Smith, each notable for their work on the Daredevil comics, also have cameo roles throughout the film.[6] The Director's Cut version also features Jude Ciccolella and Coolio in a sub-plot removed from the theatrical version.

[edit] Production

[edit] Development

In 1997, 20th Century Fox optioned the rights from Marvel Enterprises, and Chris Columbus was chosen to direct the film. In 1998, Marvel was facing bankruptcy. During this time 20th Century Fox allowed the option to expire, so Disney began negotiations in order to acquire the rights. In 1999, the negotiations failed to work out so Marvel sets the project up with Sony's Columbia Pictures.[16] During this time, Chris Columbus and Carlo Carlei co-wrote a script together,[17] before Mark Steven Johnson got signed to write the screenplay. By 2000, Sony decided to cancel the project,[16] as the two companies reportedly couldn't come to an agreement over Internet rights.[18]

New Regency entered negotiations with a more satisfying offer, attaining the character rights from Marvel in 2000 to produce the film, with 20th Century Fox handling the distribution.[19] Mark Steven Johnson had to pitch himself again in order to show he's suitable for the job, and became rehired.[16] Johnson's script was turned in in 2001, which was praised by Ain't It Cool News' Harry Knowles.[20] Prior to shooting, producer Gary Foster said that in comparison to other comic book-based films before it, this film would be "more character-driven ... darker ... edgier,"[21] whilst Marvel Studios Executive Kevin Feige felt the script was one of the strongest comic scripts Marvel had received.[22]

[edit] Filming

20th Century Fox wanted to start filming in Canada in order to save money. This plan was contended by Mark Steven Johnson, and the film's cinematographer, Ericson Core, after they found a preferred area for shooting around downtown Los Angeles' Arcade Building. Core noted that the appeal came from the "beautiful, old brick buildings and great rooftops," which they felt was perfect for a depiction of Hell's Kitchen, Manhattan, in comparison to the studio's choice where the filming would be done in Montreal or Vancouver. Due to their insistence, coupled with Ben Affleck's disinterest in filming in Canada (after having filmed there for his previous film, The Sum of All Fears) they were able to overturn the studio's mind.[23]

When the look of the film was being decided, Mark Steven Johnson opted to use direct scenes from the Daredevil comics. Joe Quesada's Guardian Devil was an influence on the film, with Johnson noting that they would "literally take out a scene from the comic book that Joe did […] Here's Daredevil on the cross, you know, it's that scene from 'Guardian Devil'. You just shoot that."[3] Throughout the film, Ben Affleck had to wear "cataract milky-blue" contacts, which would effectively make him blind. This was considered great by Johnson, as it would aid his performance.[24]

[edit] Effects

The sound plays an integral part in the film, as the superhero relies on it in order to form his 'radar sense'. The sound was engineered by Steve Boeddeker and is heard taking place immediately after Matt's optic nerve is seen mutating.[24]

[edit] Music

Main article: Daredevil: The Album

The score to Daredevil was written by Graeme Revell, and was released on March 4, 2003.[25] Avi Arad asked Revell to concentrate more on the emotions of Daredevil and Elektra, whilst Mark Steven Johnson wanted to stay clear from any Gothic and action movie clichés. Revell tried to avoid too much individual motifs but some characters would have an identifiable sound, like Bullseye would have guitar undertones, while Kingpin would have bass beats. Guitarist Mike Einziger of Incubus collaborated with Revell for any additional rock elements. Varèse Sarabande put together the score record.[26]

[edit] References to Daredevil creators

  • Stan Lee, Daredevil's co-creator, makes a cameo appearance in the movie when he is stopped by young and blind Matt Murdock from walking in front of a speeding bus.
  • Frank Miller, a prominent Daredevil comic writer, is shown in a cameo as a corpse with a pen in his head, whose motorcycle Bullseye takes. The credits list Frank Miller as "Man with Pen in Head."
  • In the scene with Matt Murdock's father, Jack Murdock, fighting, the sign outside the arena reads "Jack 'the Devil' Murdock vs. John Romita." John Romita was an artist in the 1960s who worked on the Daredevil comic books. His son, also called John Romita, pencilled the comic in the 80s.
  • Also in the boxing sequence, Jack Murdock is talking to Fallon, who orders Jack to lose. During the conversation, Fallon lists all of his fighters, whose names are "Miller...Mack...Bendis." This is a reference to some of the Daredevil comics writers: Frank Miller, David Mack and Brian Michael Bendis.
  • The character José Quesada's name is a reference to Marvel's editor-in-chief, Joe Quesada, who also did the artwork for a Daredevil storyline written by Kevin Smith, who makes a cameo in the film as the morgue worker Kirby, which is a reference to comic book legend Jack Kirby. Also referred to only in dialogue is Mr. Lee, another reference to Stan Lee.
  • The character Father Everett's name is a reference to co-creator Bill Everett.

[edit] Release

[edit] Marketing

Aside from expected TV commercials during such TV hits as Friends and Law & Order, as well as one in the second quarter of the Super Bowl, there was also a tie-in with Kraft, an in-store promotion at Wal-Mart, and a weeklong Daredevil segment on Entertainment Tonight.[27] As part of an online form of marketing, a viral e-mail drive was started, where participants would be entered in prize draw where they could win things such as Daredevil t-shirts, Gameboy Advance games and cufflinks. The order to enter the draw, the user to book tickets for the film online, then to pass the e-mail on to someone else, making them eligible. The idea was to encourage online ticket booking, which at the time was seen as a growing trend.[28] The Gameboy Advance game was released on 14 February 2003, and was created by Encore, a subsidiary of Navarre Corporation.[29]

[edit] Box office

Daredevil opened theatrically on the 14th February 2003, on 3,471 screens.[16] The film took first place in its opening weekend, making $45,033,454. At the time, it became the second biggest February release, behind Hannibal.[30] By the second weekend the film saw a 55.1% decline in takings but managed to maintain the number one spot, beating new release Old School by $639,093.[31] By the third weekend release, Daredevil saw a further 38.5% drop in sales, and so fell to third place at the box office.[32] The film grossed over $102million in North America, and over $76million in the rest of the world, totalling the film's worldwide takings at just over $179million.[33] Avi Arad addressed the top spot success by saying "we are five for five with record-breaking box office successes and have two more Marvel releases slated for this summer. It's a testament to the broad appeal of these characters before mainstream audiences outside of the core comic fans. These super heroes have been successful within the Marvel pantheon for decades; it only makes sense that their translations to the big screen are just as fruitful."[34]

Due to the film's violent scenes, Daredevil was banned in Malaysia. 20th Century Fox had appealed to Malaysia's censorship board to change its decision, hoping that the film would be due for release in Malaysia on 27 February 2003.[35] Malaysian newspaper The Star also noted that the ban was due to the film theme being "focused on the dealings of a secret society," as well as some sensuality. The article criticized the Film Censorship Board of Malaysia for having these reasons to ban the film, but at the same time allowing films such as Final Destination 2, which contained violent content, and Infernal Affairs, which focused on the dealings of a secret society, before suggesting that the board should have considered banning The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers for "having scenes containing violence using weapons and hands," a direct quotation of which the article cited as being another reason why Daredevil was banned.[36]

[edit] Reception

Reviews of the film were generally mixed.[37][38] Review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes reported that 43% of critics gave the film positive feedback, based on 201 reviews,[37] with a 44% rating from selected "notable" critics.[39] At the website Metacritic, which assigns its own subjective rating out of 100 to each review, the film has received an average score of 42, based on 35 reviews.[38] Roger Ebert gave the film 3 out of a possible 4 stars and called the film good, despite noting the almost typical superhero background. Of the actors, he stated that Ben Affleck and Jennifer Garner were suitable for their roles, whilst Michael Clark Duncan's presence alone was menacing. He finished by saying "I am getting a little worn out describing the origin stories and powers of superheroes […] Some of their movies, like this one, are better than others."[40] Houston Chronicle's Bruce Westbrook considered it "the best Marvel movie to date, it's as well-written and character-driven as some of today's Oscar contenders, and its story doesn't stall with hollow flamboyance."[41] The Austin Chronicle's Kimberly Jones praised the film, the actors, and felt that though an unproven director, "Johnson has just signed his meal ticket with this marriage of big brains, big brawn, and – most happily – big heart."[42]

Empire's Kim Newman gave the film 3 out of 5 stars, and felt people "will like the characters more than the film," before adding that there are enough strong moments to guarantee a good viewing.[43] The Guardian's Peter Bradshaw, considered the film held "unconvincing touches" but was more enjoyable than Spider-Man, as well as calling it as dark as Tim Burton's Batman.[44] BBC film critic Nev Pierce believed the film had spectacular set-pieces, but felt there was no strong narrative arc to keep the viewer interested.[45] The Wall Street Journal's Joe Morgenstern didn't consider the film to be original nor great, but felt it maintained "many grace notes, and interesting oddities."[46] The Globe and Mail's Rick Groen said the film was "not woeful, not wonderful, merely watchable."[38] The Philadelphia Inquirer's Steven Rea thought the film brought a variance of humour and violence, but felt it didn't work as well as it could have.[38] James Berardinelli felt the film was merely a satisfactory superhero film.[38] TV Guide's Frank Lovece noted that for a superhero film the characters are more grounded to reality, respectively, but also felt it was "a movie for grown-ups, not kids."[47]

Particularly negative reviews included The New York Times' Elvis Mitchell, who said the film was "second-rate and ordinary,"[37] whilst Variety's Todd McCarthy considered it "a pretender in the realm of bona fide superheroes."[48] Time Out's Trevor Johnston praised Ben Affleck, feeling he "persuades us of the pain of sightlessness and supersensitive hearing," but also felt writer/director Johnson's construction fails all involved in the film.[49] Slate's David Edelstein believed Johnson copied a lot of Batman, and concluded by saying "that's not so bad: The movie looks best when it looks like other, better movies."[50] The Chicago Tribune's Michael Wilmington thought the film grabs the attention, but felt it doesn't reward it.[38] The New York Post's Lou Lumenick panned the film, describing it as a "mind-numbing, would-be comic-book franchise, which often seems as blind as its hero -- not to mention deaf and dumb."[38]

[edit] Director's cut

In December 2004, a director's cut of the film was released on DVD. This version added 30 minutes of footage not seen in the original, including an entire subplot involving Murdock defending a murder suspect played by rapper Coolio. Director Mark Steven Johnson has claimed the scenes were cut in favour of a PG-13 rating.

[edit] Sequel

Kevin Feige has stated "there are many more stories to be told with old Hornhead and we'd love to tell them someday,"[51] with Avi Arad further adding that the sequel will begin development once the rights go from 20th Century Fox to Marvel Studios.[52] Ben Affleck stated that he would not be keen to reprise the role, and felt "wearing a costume was a source of humiliation" for him.[53] Director Mark Steven Johnson showed interest in returning to direct with the Born Again storyline.[54] Michael Clarke Duncan stated strong interest in returning. Johnson stated that villains Mr. Fear[54] or The Owl are strong possibilities to appear for the sequel. [citation needed]

[edit] References

  1. ^ Tim Swanson (3 October 2001). "Affleck homes in on 'Daredevil' role". Variety. Accessed 21 February 2008.
  2. ^ a b Tim Swanson (5 December 2001). "Farrell targets 'Daredevil'". Variety. Accessed 21 February 2008.
  3. ^ a b c Rob Worley (7 August 2002). "Daredevil". Comic Book Resources. Accessed 12 May 2008.
  4. ^ Ryan J. Downey (24 June 2002). "Affleck, Garner Open Up About 'Daredevil'". MTV. Accessed 21 February 2008.
  5. ^ John Gunn (20 June 2002). "Daredevil Press Day!!". JoBlo.com. Accessed 21 February 2008.
  6. ^ a b c d e Ryan J. Downey (6 February 2003). "Ben Affleck Dares to Dream 'Daredevil'". MTV. Accessed 21 February 2008.
  7. ^ a b Stax (27 March 2002). "More Daredevil Casting Tidbits". IGN. Accessed 21 February 2008.
  8. ^ a b Stax (27 January 2002). "Daredevil's Done Deals". IGN. Accessed 24 March 2008.
  9. ^ Zorianna Kit and Chris Gardner (11 January 2002). "'Daredevil' parade". The Hollywood Reporter. Accessed 24 March 2008.
  10. ^ Ryan J. Downey (3 June 2002). "Jennifer Garner, Ben Affleck Suit Up For 'Daredevil'". MTV. Accessed 21 February 2008.
  11. ^ "Colin Farrell Interview". UGO. Accessed 22 February 2008.
  12. ^ Dave McNary (9 January 2002). "Duncan takes on 'Daredevil'". Variety. Accessed 23 February 2008.
  13. ^ Daniel Robert Epstein. "Michael Clarke Duncan Interview". UGO. Accessed 23 February 2008.
  14. ^ Dave McNary (22 February 2002). "'Daredevil' has partner in Favreau". Variety. Accessed 24 February 2008.
  15. ^ Dave McNary (17 March 2002). "IGN FilmForce Exclusive: Which Matrix Star Has Been Cast in Daredevil?". IGN. Accessed 24 February 2008.
  16. ^ a b c d "Beyond Hell's Kitchen": Making Daredevil [DVD]. Daredevil 2-Disc Special Edition. 20th Century Fox (2003).
  17. ^ Stax (26 April 2001). "Daredevil: The Man Without Ed". IGN. Accessed 6 March 2008.
  18. ^ KJB (12 July 2000). "Daredevil Exits Columbia". IGN. Accessed 6 March 2008.
  19. ^ Michael Fleming (12 July 2000). "Marvel's Daredevil on pic trail". Variety. Accessed 14 February 2008.
  20. ^ Harry Knowles (2 April 2001). "Harry reviews Mark Steven Johnson's Perfect DAREDEVIL script!!!". Ain't It Cool News. Accessed 14 February 2008.
  21. ^ Stax (11 July 2001). "Daredevil Ready for a Fall Start?". IGN. Accessed 6 March 2008.
  22. ^ Stax (26 July 2001). "Make Way for Daredevil". IGN. Accessed 6 March 2008.
  23. ^ John Calhoun (March 2003). "Man Without Fear". American Cinematographer. Accessed 23 May 2008.
  24. ^ a b Audio commentary by Mark Steven Johnson and Gary Foster (2003). "Daredevil" [DVD]. Daredevil 2-Disc Special Edition. 20th Century Fox.
  25. ^ Steve Head (6 February 2003). "Incoming: Daredevil Score CD News". IGN. Accessed 8 May 2008.
  26. ^ Kuljit Mithra (February 2003). "Interview With Graeme Revell". ManWithoutFear.com. Accessed 8 May 2008.
  27. ^ Ron Grover (3 February 2003). "For Fox, It's 'Daredevil' vs. February". BusinessWeek. Accessed 9 June 2008.
  28. ^ Claire Billings (11 February 2003). "Fox boosts email database with 'Daredevil' promotion". Brand Republic. Accessed 9 June 2008.
  29. ^ "``'Daredevil' for Nintendo Game Boy Advance Ships to Retailers". Business Wire / FindArticles.com (3 February 2003). Accessed 10 June 2008.
  30. ^ Brandon Gray (18 February 2003). "'Daredevil' Hits Box Office Bullseye". Box Office Mojo. Accessed 12 May 2008.
  31. ^ "Weekend Box Office: February 21–23, 2003". Box Office Mojo. Accessed 12 May 2008.
  32. ^ "Daredevil Weekend Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Accessed 12 May 2008.
  33. ^ "Daredevil". Box Office Mojo. Accessed 12 May 2008.
  34. ^ "Marvel Proves Heroic at the Box Office; Daredevil is Third Consecutive Marvel Studios Motion Picture Release to Capture Top Box Office Position". Business Wire / FindArticles.com (26 February 2003). Accessed 12 May 2008.
  35. ^ "Malaysia bans Affleck's Daredevil". BBC News (14 February 2003). Accessed 12 May 2008.
  36. ^ Geoffrey Lip and Izuan Shah (20 February 2003). "Kapow, crash, boom, ban?". The Star. Accessed 12 May 2008.
  37. ^ a b c "Daredevil". Rotten Tomatoes. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  38. ^ a b c d e f g "Daredevil". Metacritic. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  39. ^ "Daredevil - Cream of the Crop". Rotten Tomatoes. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  40. ^ Roger Ebert (14 February 2003). "Daredevil". Chicago Sun-Times. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  41. ^ Bruce Westbrook (26 March 2004). "Daredevil". Houston Chronicle. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  42. ^ Kimberly Jones (14 February 2003). "Daredevil". The Austin Chronicle. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  43. ^ Kim Newman. "Daredevil". Empire. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  44. ^ Peter Bradshaw (14 February 2003). "Daredevil". Guardian. Accessed 5 March 2008.
  45. ^ Nev Pierce (12 February 2003). "Daredevil". BBC. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  46. ^ Joe Morgenstern (14 February 2003). "Daredevil". The Wall Street Journal. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  47. ^ Frank Lovece. "Daredevil". TV Guide. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  48. ^ Todd McCarthy (14 February 2003). "Daredevil". Variety. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  49. ^ Trevor Johnston (14 February 2003). "Daredevil". Time Out. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  50. ^ David Edelstein (14 February 2003). "Ben in Tights". Time Out. Accessed 26 February 2008.
  51. ^ "Daredevil Movie Update". Comics Continuum (22 January 2004). Accessed 8 June 2008.
  52. ^ Larry Carroll (June 2005). "Future Shocks: What's Ahead for Avi Arad and His Marvel Empire". MTV. Accessed 18 February 2008.
  53. ^ Stax (3 November 2006). "Affleck on Daredevil 2". IGN. Accessed 27 April 2008.
  54. ^ a b Daniel Robert Epstein. "Mark Steven Johnson, director of Daredevil (Fox)". UGO. Accessed 18 February 2008.

[edit] Further reading

[edit] External links

[edit] See also (for article building)

[edit] References