Harry Magdoff
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| Henry Samuel Magdoff | |
| Born | August 21, 1913 Bronx, New York |
|---|---|
| Died | January 1, 2006 (aged 92) Burlington, Vermont |
| Education | City College of New York New York University |
| Spouse | Beatrice Greizer (1913-2002) |
| Children | Fred Magdoff |
Henry Samuel Magdoff (August 21, 1913 – January 1, 2006), was a prominent American socialist commentator. He held several administrative positions in government during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt and later became co-editor of the Marxist publication, Monthly Review.
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[edit] Early years
A child of poor Russian-Jewish immigrants, Magdoff grew up in the Bronx. In 1929, at age 15, Magdoff first started reading Karl Marx when he picked up a copy of The Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy in a used-book store. "It blew my mind," recalled Magdoff in 2003. "His view of history was a revelation....that got me started reading about economics. We were going into the Depression then and I wanted to figure out what it all meant." [1] His interest in Marx led him to embrace socialism.
Magdoff studied mathematics and physics from 1930 to 1933 at the City College of New York taking engineering, math and physics courses; he was active in the Social Problems Club with many schoolmates who later joined the Abraham Lincoln Brigade, a Comintern organization that fought in the Spanish Civil War. Magdoff attended New York University after 1933, where he studied economics and statistics, receiving a B.Sc in Economics in 1935. He was suspended and later expelled from City College for activities related to editing Frontiers (a radical student magazine not sanctioned by the school), including participation in a mock trial of the school's President and its Director.
[edit] Government service
In the mid-1930s, Magdoff moved to Philadelphia to take a job with the Works Progress Administration measuring the productivity of various manufacturing industries. David Weintraub assisted him with letters of recommendation to get a job with the government. By 1940 Magdoff was working for the New Deal Works Progress Administration (WPA) as its Principal Statistician. During World War II Magdoff worked on the National Defense and Advisory Board and the War Production Board, in the Statistical and Tools Divisions.
[edit] Post-government career
Magdoff was happy[9] to leave his U.S. government position, then with the United States Department of Commerce, on December 30, 1946, and went to work for the New Council on American Business in New York until 1948, at which time he began employment with Trubeck Laboratories in New Jersey.
He was an economic adviser and speechwriter to former Vice-President and then unsuccessful Presidential candidate Henry Wallace, who ran as a socialist candidate in 1948. Unable to be reemployed in government because of security concerns, he found a career in academia beginning in the 1950s. One of his most famous works, The Age of Imperialism, his first and arguably most influential book, came out in 1969. The book sold over 100,000 copies and was translated into fifteen languages. Two years later after the death of Leo Huberman, Magdoff began co-editing the Monthly Review with Paul Sweezy, and has continued to edit the magazine into his 90th year. Magdoff and Sweezy together produced five books, as well as many years of Monthly Review. Magdoff's most recent book is Imperialism without Colonies, published at age 89. Monthly Review is one of the preeminent socialist journals in the world, a journal characterized by its independent, nonsectarian Marxist approach.
Under Magdoff's direction, the Monthly Review focused more and more upon imperialism as the key unit of analysis for global development and the forces challenging neocolonialism in the Third World. This perspective put the magazine and its press squarely on the New Left intellectual agenda since the late 1960s. His work also kept him in the forefront of socialist thought in the U.S. from the 1930s to this day. The Great Depression left a strong impact on Magdoff's perspective on capitalism, as Magdoff recalls a sense of doom felt in the mid-century by pro-capitalists, holding that nothing since 1929 lead him to believe that the economy has become immune to cycles of severe crisis. Until his death, Magdoff co-edited the Monthly Review with John Bellamy Foster.
[edit] Death
Magdoff died on New Year's Day, 2006 at age 92. He had two sons, one of whom, Fred Magdoff, is an expert in plant and soil science. His wife of almost 70 years, Beatrice, died in 2002.[1]
[edit] Accusations of espionage
For the last several decades of his life, Magdoff was hounded by accusations that he had passed information to Soviet intelligence networks in the United States, primarily through what was called by the FBI the "Perlo Group." Magdoff was never indicted. Several scholars, inspecting secret document from the U.S. and Soviet archives released after the end of the Cold War, claim the evidence supports the accusation. Others disagree with this charge; Victor Navasky (editor of The Nation) believes that Magdoff's status should be qualified with Magdoff's version of events before such accusations are made, and historian Ellen Schrecker does not believe that VENONA documents in general are as reliable as such longtime anti-communist researchers as Harvey Klehr believe. Also disputed is whether the available evidence indicates Magdoff and others were aware of or complicit in espionage activities, rather than simply being used, unbeknownst to them, as sources of information, or simply being considered potential sources of information as was the case with many of those purportedly identified in the Venona Files.
[edit] Notes
- 1 Susan Green, "The Sage of Imperialism", Seven Days, May 3, 2003.
[edit] See also
[edit] Publications
[edit] Harry Magdoff
- Imperialism Without Colonies (2003)
- The Age of Imperialism (1969)
- Imperialism from the Colonial Age to the Present (1977)
[edit] Harry Magdoff and Paul M. Sweezy
- The Irreversible Crisis (1988)
- Stagnation and the Financial Explosion (1987)
- The Deepening Crisis of U.S. Capitalism (1980)
- The End of Prosperity (1977)
- The Dynamics of U.S. Capitalism (1970)
[edit] References
- ^ "Harry Magdoff, Economist, Dies at 92", New York Times, January 9, 2006. Retrieved on 2008-05-29. "Harry Magdoff, who fell in love with Marxist thought at 15 and became an influential socialist economist, author, editor and commentator -- and, some said, a Soviet spy -- died on Jan. 1 at his home in Burlington, Vt. He was 92."
[edit] Further reading
- Rafalko, Frank J., ed., A Counterintelligence Reader. United States. National Counterintelligence Center, no date. <http://www.nacic.gov/history/index.html>
- John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America, Yale University Press (1999)
- Wikisource:Venona 687 KGB New York to Moscow, 13 May 1944, Perlo group
- Vladimir Pozniakov, A NKVD/NKGB Report to Stalin: A Glimpse into Soviet Intelligence in the United States in the 1940's
- Ellen Schrecker, Many are the Crimes: McCarthyism in America (Boston: Little Brown, 1998)
[edit] External links
- List of online articles, books, and interviews with Harry Magdoff (Monthly Review)
- John Bellamy Foster, "The Optimism of the Heart: Harry Magdoff (1913-2006)" (Monthly Review)
- Robert Pollin, "Remembering Harry Magdoff" (Counterpunch website)
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