Hanpu
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Hanpu (r. 941-960), later Wanyan Hanpu, was a Jurchen leader. He was a leader of the Wanyan clan, which later became rulers of the Jurchen Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), which overthrew the Liao Dynasty and ruled Northern China for a significant period. In the Jin Dynasty, Hanpu was recognised as the ancestor and first ruler of the Wanyan clan. After the establishment of the Jin Dynasty, Hanpu was given the temple name Jin Shizu (金始祖), which literally means "first ancestor of Jin".
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[edit] Background
Sources from the time period directly before the Mongol domination period have mentioned Hanpu as the descendant of the Silla Royal Family, King Gyeongsun in particular.[citation needed] Hanpu is often recorded as Wanyan Hanpu. According to the History of Jin, this was as a result of his joining the Wanyan clan.
[edit] Rise to power and the creation of the Jurchen tribes
After the fall of Later Silla to the Goryeo Empire in 935, some princes of Silla, notably the Crown Prince, refused to surrender to Taejo Wang Geon and his newly-established Goryeo Empire. These princes chose to give their lives to the revival of Silla. When these revival movements were all crushed, the surviving leaders scattered to many different areas of the Korean Peninsula, mainly Mount Baektu. From Mount Baektu, Hanpu, who was among the defeated participants, led a group of people into Manchuria in hopes of establishing a new kingdom to glorify Silla.
Entering Manchuria at the age of 60, Hanpu discovered that the region was already dominated by the Liao Empire, which was led by the Khitan. He found people of many ethnicities and backgrounds, among which were mainly Mohe. The Liao referred to these people as Jurchen. After resolving a conflict, Hanpu was accepted as a member of the Wanyan tribe, and eventually rose to become its leader. Also as a sign of appreciation from the Wanyan tribal members, Hanpu was married to a 60 year-old woman, and through this woman, Hanpu saw two sons and a daughter.
[edit] Death and legacy
Hanpu died of an unknown cause in 960 and was succeeded by his son Oro (Wulu).
Hanpu's legacy was carried on by his 8th generation descendant, Wanyan Aguda, who founded the Jurchen Jin Dynasty.
When Emperor Xizong of Jin was crowned on 1135, Hanpu was given posthumous name "Emperor Jingyuan" (景元皇帝) and temple name "Emperor Shizu" (始祖). On 1144, Hampo's buried site was named as "Guangling" (光陵).
[edit] Family members
[edit] Wife and children
- Empress Mingyi
- Wanyan Wulu (eldest son)
- Wanyan Hulu (son)
- Wanyan Zhusiban (daughter)
[edit] Siblings
- Agunai (elder brother)
- Baohuoli (younger brother)
[edit] See-Also
