Gyantse
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Gyantse (rGyal rtse) also spelled Gyangtse, Gyangdzê; (Chinese: 江孜镇; Wylie: rgyal rtse; Tibetan: རྒྱལ་རྩེ་) is a town located in Gyangzê County, Shigatse Prefecture. It is the fourth largest city in Tibet (after Lhasa, Shigatse and Chamdo). It is 3,977 metres (13,050 feet) above sea level, and is located in the fertile plain of the Nyang Chu valley and on the Friendship Highway, which connects Kathmandu, Nepal to Lhasa, Tibet.
The town is strategically located in the Nyang-chu Valley on the ancient trade routes from the Chumbi Valley, Yatung and Sikkim, which met here. From Gyantse, routes led to Shigatse downstream and also over the Karo La (Pass) to Central Tibet.[1]
The fortress guarded the southern approaches to the Tsangpo Valley and Lhasa.[2]
Gyantse was the third largest city in Tibet before being overtaken by Chamdo. It is often referred to as the "Hero City" because during the British Younghusband expedition of 1904, the 500 soldiers of the Gyantse fort held the fort for several days before they were overcome by the British forces.
Gyantse is notable for its magnificent tiered Kumbum (literally, '100,000 images') of the Palcho Monastery, the largest chörten in Tibet. The Kumbum was commissioned by a Gyantse prince in 1427 and was an important centre of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism. This religious structure contains 77 chapels in its six floors, and is illustrated with over 10,000 murals, many showing a strong Nepali influence which have survived pretty well intact. They are the last of this type in Tibet. Many of the restored clay statues are of less artistry than the destroyed originals - but they are still spectacular.[3][4]
The town was nearly destroyed in 1954 and was largely emptied of people by the Chinese in 1959. During the Cultural Revolution the monastery and Kumbum were ransacked or destroyed.[5]
The BBC 4 documentary "A Year in Tibet" focused on the lives of ordinary Tibetans living in this city.
[edit] Footnotes
- ^ Dowman, Keith. 1988. The Power-places of Central Tibet: The Pilgrim's Guide. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London and New York. ISBN 0-7102-1370-0, p. 269
- ^ Allen, Charles. (2004). Duel in the Snows: The True Story of the Younghusband Mission to Lhasa, p. 30. John Murray (publishers), London. ISBN 0-7195-5427 6.
- ^ Dowman, Keith. 1988. The Power-places of Central Tibet: The Pilgrim's Guide. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London and New York. ISBN 0-7102-1370-0, p. 27o
- ^ Mayhew, Bradley and Kohn, Michael. (2005). Tibet, p. 167. Lonely Planet Publications. ISBN 1-74059-523-8.
- ^ Tibet: a travel survival kit. (1986) Michael Buckley and Robert Strauss, p. 158. Lonely Planet Publications, South Yarra, Australia. ISBN 0-0908086-88-1.
[edit] Gallery
 Entrance to Pango Chorten, Gyantse, 1993 |
 Wrathful Deity, Pango Chorten, Gyantse. |
 "Musilin Restaurant of the hero city |
 Pango Chorten, Gyantse. |
 A street in Gyantse old town |
 Tara statue. Gyantse Kumbum. 1993 |
 Protective deity, Gyantse Kumbum. 1993 |
 Sitting Buddha, Gyantse Kumbum. 1993 |
 Deity, Gyantse Kumbum. 1993 |
 Statue, Gyantse Kumbum. 1993 |
 Gyantse fort from Kumbum roof. 1993 |
 Gyantse street showing Kumbum & fort. 1993 |
