Guy of Dampierre
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Guy of Dampierre (Dutch: Gwijde van Dampierre) (c. 1226 – March 7, 1304, Compiègne) was the count of Flanders during the Battle of the Golden Spurs in 1302.
[edit] History
Guy was the second son of William II of Dampierre and Margaret II of Flanders. The death of his elder brother William in a tournament made him joint Count of Flanders with his mother. (She had made William co-ruler of Flanders 1246 to ensure that it would go to the Dampierre children of her second marriage, rather than the Avesnes children of her first.) Guy and his mother struggled against the Avesnes (led by John I, Count of Hainaut) in the War of the Succession of Flanders and Hainault, but were defeated in 1253 at the Battle of Walcheren, and Guy was taken prisoner. By the mediation of Louis IX of France, he was ransomed in 1256. Some respite was obtained by the death of John of Hainaut in 1257.
In 1270, Margaret confiscated the property of English merchants in Flanders; this led to a devastating trade war with England, which supplied most of the wool for the Flemish weavers. Even after her abdication in 1278, Guy often found himself in difficulties with the fractious commoners.
In 1288, complaints over taxes led Philip IV of France to tighten his control over Flanders. Tension built between Guy and the king; in 1294, Guy arranged a marriage between his daughter Philippa and Edward, Prince of Wales. However, Philip imprisoned Guy and two of his sons, forced him to call off the marriage, and imprisoned Philippa in Paris until her death in 1306. Guy was summoned before the king again in 1296, and the principal cities of Flanders were taken under royal protection until Guy paid an idemnity and surrendered his territories, to hold them at the grace of the king.
After these indignities, Guy attempted to revenge himself on Philip by an alliance with Edward I of England in 1297, to which Philip responded by declaring Flanders annexed to the royal domain. The French under Robert II of Artois defeated the Flemings at the Battle of Furnes, and Edward's expedition into Flanders was abortive. He made peace with Philip in 1298 and left Guy to his fate. The French invaded again in 1299 and captured both Guy and his son Robert in January 1300.
The Flemish burghers, however, found direct French rule to be more oppressive than that of the count. After smashing a French army at the Battle of the Golden Spurs in 1302, Guy was briefly released by the French to try to negotiate terms. His subjects, however, refused to compromise; and a new French offensive in 1304 destroyed a Flemish fleet at the Battle of Zierikzee and fought the Flemings to a draw at the Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle. Guy was returned to prison, where he died.
[edit] Family
In June 1246 he married Matilda of Bethune (d. November 8, 1264), daughter of Robert VII, Lord of Bethune, and had the following children:
- Marie (d. 1297), married with Willem V of Gulik (d. 1278) she have a son, William of Jülich. Married in 1285 Simon II de Chateauvillain (d. 1305), Lord of Bremur
- Robert III of Flanders (1249–1322)
- William (aft. 1249 – 1311), Lord of Dendermonde and Crevecouer, married in 1286 Alix of Beaumont and had issue
- John (1250 – October 4, 1290), Bishop of Metz and Bishop of Liège
- Baldwin (1252–1296)
- Margaret (c. 1253 – July 3, 1285), married in 1273 John I, Duke of Brabant
- Beatrix (c. 1260 – April 5, 1291), married c. 1270 Floris V, Count of Holland
- Philip (c. 1263 – November 1318), Count of Teano, married Mahaut de Courtenay, Countess of Chieti (d. 1303), married c. 1304 Philipotte of Milly (d. c. 1335), no issue
In March 1265 he married Isabelle of Luxembourg (d. September 1298), daughter of Henry V of Luxembourg, and had the following children:
- Beatrix (d. 1307), married c. 1287 Hugh II of Châtillon
- Margaret (d. 1331), married on November 14, 1282 at Roxburgh Alexander of Scotland (son of Alexander III of Scotland), married on July 3, 1286 in Namur Reinoud I, Duke of Guelders
- Isabelle (d. 1323), married 1307 Jean de Fiennes, Lord of Tingry and Chatelain of Bourbourg
- Philippa (d. 1306, Paris)
- John I, Marquis of Namur (1267–1330)
- Guy of Namur (d. 1311), Lord of Ronse, sometime Count of Zeeland
- Henry (d. November 6, 1337), Count of Lodi, married January 1309 Margaret of Cleves and had issue
- Jeanne (d. 1296), a nun at Flines
[edit] External links
- (French) Maison de Dampierre.
| Preceded by Henry III |
Marquis of Namur  1268–1297 |
Succeeded by John I |
| Preceded by William III of Dampierre with Margaret |
Count of Flanders  with Margaret until 1278 1251–1304 |
Succeeded by Robert III |
