Gus Arriola

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Gustavo "Gus" Arriola (July 17, 1917 – February 2, 2008) was a Mexican-American comic strip cartoonist and animator, primarily known for the comic strip Gordo, which ran from 1941 through 1985.

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[edit] Early life

Arriola's father, Aquiles Arriola, was born on a hacienda in Sonora.[1]. Born in Florence, Arizona, 120 miles north of the border, Arriola was the youngest of nine children. His mother died when he was a baby, and he was raised by an older sister in a Spanish-speaking household.[2] He learned English by reading the Sunday comics.[1] His family moved to Los Angeles, California, when he was eight years old. He first studied art formally in Manual Arts High School in Los Angeles, California.[1]

[edit] Career

Immediately after high school he spent a year working on Krazy Kat for Screen Gems, then three years animating Tom and Jerry and Lonesome Stranger for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as a "sketch man", before leaving to start his own comic strip.[3][2] During World War II he directed training films for the United States Army while continuing to produce Sunday Gordo cartoons.[2]

[edit] Gordo

Although Arriola did not visit Mexico until 1961, he used the human and animal characters of his strip to introduce Mexican culture to readers throughout the world.[1] Gordo was initially designed to be a Mexican version of Li'l Abner, with a highly caricatured style and a lazy overweight title character who spoke in heavily accented English and took naps under a tree wearing a sombrero.[1] The character reflected popular conceptions of Mexicans at the time, particularly Leo Carrillo's portrayal of the Cisco Kid's sidekick, Pancho, on television and film.[2]

After his early strips were criticized for Hollywood-style cultural stereotypes, Arriola realized that his was the only periodical work in American mass media that depicted life in Mexico, and modified the strip to be more sympathetic.[4] A much thinner, and contemplative Gordo, eventually became a flirtatious tour guide, whom Arriola often described as an "accidental ambassador" for Mexican culture.[5] The strip introduced America to such now-popular words and phrases as "hasta la vista," "amigo," "piñata," "compadre," "muchacho" and "hasta mañana," as well as Mayan, Aztec, and Mexican customs, history, and folklore.[5]

Arriola did all of the writing, illustration, and production of Gordo himself, creating strips every day (except in his army years) for 45 years[2]. Charles Schulz described it as "probably the most beautifully drawn strip in the history of the business."[5] Arriola received the National Cartoonist Society Humor Comic Strip Award for it in 1957 and 1965. Although not overtly political, Gordo was also one of the first pop culture works that regularly raised environmentalist concerns.[4]

The last Gordo strip was published on March 2, 1985.

[edit] Personal life

While working on Gordo Arriola lived in La Jolla, California, Phoenix, Arizona, then Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, where he died on 2 February 2008. Shortly before his death he received a lifetime achievement award from the Arts Council for Monterey, California.[2] He had suffered from Parkinson's disease.[6] Arriola met his wife, Mary Frances, at MGM in 1939. They remained married until his death.[2]

On February 20, 2008, the comic strip Baldo noted, "In memory of our amigo Gus Arriola, 1917-2008." The March 21, 2008, version of the comic strip La Cucaracha, by Lalo Alcaraz, was also a tribute to Arriola.

[edit] Awards

1957 and 1965 – National Cartoonist Society Humor Comic Strip Award.
2007 – Arts Council for Monterey, California Lifetime Achievement Award.

[edit] External links

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d e Wyatt Buchanan. "Gordo cartoonist Gus Arriola dies in Carmel", San Francisco Chronicle, February 3, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-02-03. 
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Maureen Davidson. ""Gordo" opened U.S. readers to Mexico; its creator to be honored for his lifetime achievement.", Monterey County Weekly, January 17, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-02-03. 
  3. ^ Gus Arriola, Cartoonist. Carmel Art Association. Retrieved on 2008-02-03.
  4. ^ a b Accidental Ambassador Gordo: The Comic Strip Art of Gus Arriola. University Press of Mississippi. Retrieved on 2008-02-03.
  5. ^ a b c Hector Cantu. "Gordo creator took accent off stereotype", The Dallas Morning News, November 30, 2000. Retrieved on 2008-02-03. 
  6. ^ "'Gordo" creator Arriola dies at age 90", Associated Press, February 2, 2008. Retrieved on 2008-02-03.