GRIN2B

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2B

Identifiers

GRIN2B; MGC142178; MGC142180; NMDAR2B; NR2B; hNR3

External IDs

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• magnesium ion binding • receptor activity • N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity • ion channel activity • extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity • calcium ion binding • protein binding
Cellular Component:	• membrane fraction • integral to plasma membrane • synaptic vesicle • presynaptic membrane • postsynaptic membrane
Biological Process:	• ion transport • glutamate signaling pathway • synaptic transmission • learning and/or memory

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_000834 (mRNA)
NP_000825 (protein)

NM_008171 (mRNA)
NP_032197 (protein)

Location

Chr 12: 13.61 - 14.02 Mb

Chr 6: 135.7 - 136.01 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2B, also known as GRIN2B, is a human gene.

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are a class of ionotropic glutamate receptors. NMDA receptor channel has been shown to be involved in long-term potentiation, an activity-dependent increase in the efficiency of synaptic transmission thought to underlie certain kinds of memory and learning. NMDA receptor channels are heteromers composed of the key receptor subunit NMDAR1 (GRIN1) and 1 or more of the 4 NMDAR2 subunits: NMDAR2A (GRIN2A), NMDAR2B (GRIN2B), NMDAR2C (GRIN2C), and NMDAR2D (GRIN2D). GRIN2B may be a candidate gene for the neurodegenerative disorder dentato-rubro-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA)^[1]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

^ Entrez Gene: GRIN2B glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2B.

[edit] Further reading

Schröder HC, Perovic S, Kavsan V, et al. (1998). "Mechanisms of prionSc- and HIV-1 gp120 induced neuronal cell death.". Neurotoxicology 19 (4-5): 683–8. PMID 9745929.
Nagy J (2004). "The NR2B subtype of NMDA receptor: a potential target for the treatment of alcohol dependence.". Current drug targets. CNS and neurological disorders 3 (3): 169–79. PMID 15180478.
King JE, Eugenin EA, Buckner CM, Berman JW (2006). "HIV tat and neurotoxicity.". Microbes Infect. 8 (5): 1347–57. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2005.11.014. PMID 16697675.
Monyer H, Sprengel R, Schoepfer R, et al. (1992). "Heteromeric NMDA receptors: molecular and functional distinction of subtypes.". Science 256 (5060): 1217–21. PMID 1350383.
Kornau HC, Schenker LT, Kennedy MB, Seeburg PH (1995). "Domain interaction between NMDA receptor subunits and the postsynaptic density protein PSD-95.". Science 269 (5231): 1737–40. PMID 7569905.
Magnuson DS, Knudsen BE, Geiger JD, et al. (1995). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat activates non-N-methyl-D-aspartate excitatory amino acid receptors and causes neurotoxicity.". Ann. Neurol. 37 (3): 373–80. doi:10.1002/ana.410370314. PMID 7695237.
Mandich P, Schito AM, Bellone E, et al. (1994). "Mapping of the human NMDAR2B receptor subunit gene (GRIN2B) to chromosome 12p12.". Genomics 22 (1): 216–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1366. PMID 7959773.
Adams SL, Foldes RL, Kamboj RK (1995). "Human N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulatory subunit hNR3: cloning and sequencing of the cDNA and primary structure of the protein.". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1260 (1): 105–8. PMID 7999784.
Sheng M, Cummings J, Roldan LA, et al. (1994). "Changing subunit composition of heteromeric NMDA receptors during development of rat cortex.". Nature 368 (6467): 144–7. doi:10.1038/368144a0. PMID 8139656.
Roche KW, Raymond LA, Blackstone C, Huganir RL (1994). "Transmembrane topology of the glutamate receptor subunit GluR6.". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (16): 11679–82. PMID 8163463.
Lannuzel A, Lledo PM, Lamghitnia HO, et al. (1996). "HIV-1 envelope proteins gp120 and gp160 potentiate NMDA-induced [Ca2+]i increase, alter [Ca2+]i homeostasis and induce neurotoxicity in human embryonic neurons.". Eur. J. Neurosci. 7 (11): 2285–93. PMID 8563977.
Corasaniti MT, Melino G, Navarra M, et al. (1996). "Death of cultured human neuroblastoma cells induced by HIV-1 gp120 is prevented by NMDA receptor antagonists and inhibitors of nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase.". Neurodegeneration : a journal for neurodegenerative disorders, neuroprotection, and neuroregeneration 4 (3): 315–21. PMID 8581564.
Niethammer M, Kim E, Sheng M (1996). "Interaction between the C terminus of NMDA receptor subunits and multiple members of the PSD-95 family of membrane-associated guanylate kinases.". J. Neurosci. 16 (7): 2157–63. PMID 8601796.
Pittaluga A, Pattarini R, Severi P, Raiteri M (1996). "Human brain N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors regulating noradrenaline release are positively modulated by HIV-1 coat protein gp120.". AIDS 10 (5): 463–8. PMID 8724036.
Hess SD, Daggett LP, Crona J, et al. (1996). "Cloning and functional characterization of human heteromeric N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors.". J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 278 (2): 808–16. PMID 8768735.
Müller BM, Kistner U, Kindler S, et al. (1996). "SAP102, a novel postsynaptic protein that interacts with NMDA receptor complexes in vivo.". Neuron 17 (2): 255–65. PMID 8780649.
Wu P, Price P, Du B, et al. (1996). "Direct cytotoxicity of HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 on human NT neurons.". Neuroreport 7 (5): 1045–9. PMID 8804048.
Bennett BA, Rusyniak DE, Hollingsworth CK (1996). "HIV-1 gp120-induced neurotoxicity to midbrain dopamine cultures.". Brain Res. 705 (1-2): 168–76. PMID 8821747.
Toggas SM, Masliah E, Mucke L (1996). "Prevention of HIV-1 gp120-induced neuronal damage in the central nervous system of transgenic mice by the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine.". Brain Res. 706 (2): 303–7. PMID 8822372.
Dreyer EB, Lipton SA (1996). "The coat protein gp120 of HIV-1 inhibits astrocyte uptake of excitatory amino acids via macrophage arachidonic acid.". Eur. J. Neurosci. 7 (12): 2502–7. PMID 8845955.

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v • d • e Ion channel, receptor: ligand-gated ion channels

Cys-loop receptors	5-HT/serotonin: 5-HT₃ (A) GABA: GABA A (α₁, α₂, α₃, α₄, α₅, α₆, β₁, β₂, β₃, γ₂, γ₃, δ, ε, π), GABA C (ρ₁, ρ₂) Glycine: α₁, α₂, β Nicotinic acetylcholine: α1, α2, α3, α4, α5, α7, α9, β1, β2, β3, β4, δ, ε, combinations ((α4)₂(β2)₃, (α7)₅, Ganglion type, Muscle type)

Ionotropic glutamates	AMPA (1, 2, 3, 4) - Kainate (1, 2, 3, 5) - NMDA (1, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D)

ATP-gated channels	Purinergic receptors: P2X (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)