Greek submarine Papanikolis (Υ-2)

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Career (Greece)
Y-2 Papanikolis - Y-2 Παπανικολής
Namesake:	Dimitrios Papanikolis
Builder:	Chantiers de la Loire, Nantes
Laid down:	1925
Launched:	1927
Commissioned:	21 December 1927
Decommissioned:	1945
Fate:	hull sold for scrap, conning tower preserved in the Maritime Museum, Piraeus
Notes:	Historical summary from the Hellenic Navy website
General characteristics
Displacement:	surfaced: 576 tons submerged: 775 tons
Length:	62.5 m
Beam:	5.3 m
Draft:	3.6 m
Propulsion:	one 1,300 hp diesel engine, one 1,000 hp electric engine
Speed:	surfaced: 14 knots submerged: 9 knots
Complement:	30
Armament:	2×21-inch (533 mm) internal bow T/T, 2×21-inch (533 mm) external bow T/T, 2×21-inch (533 mm) external stern T/T, 1×100 mm gun, 2 MGs

Y-2 Papanikolis (Greek: Y-2 Παπανικολής) was one of the most successful Greek submarines during the Second World War.

1 History
2 Tradition
3 References
4 External links

[edit] History

Papanikolis, together with its sister ship, Katsonis (Υ-1), formed the first class of Greek submarines ordered after the First World War. It was built at the Chantiers de la Loire shipyards between 1925-27, and commissioned into the Hellenic Navy on 21 December 1927. Its first captain was Cdr P. Vandoros. Despite her age and mechanical problems, she participated in the 1940-41 Greco-Italian War under the command of Lt Cdr Miltiadis Iatridis, carrying out six war patrols in the Adriatic. During one of these, on 23 December 1940, she sank the small Italian motor ship Antonietta, and, on the next day, the 3,952-ton troop carrier Firenze near Sazan Island.^[1] After the German invasion of April 1941, together with the rest of the fleet, Papanikolis fled to the Middle East, from where she would operate during the next years, carrying out nine war patrols in total.

Under the command of Cdr Athanasios Spanidis, the former captain of Katsonis, she participated in two patrols in the Aegean Sea in 1942. During the first, in June 1942, she sank six small sailing vessels between 11 and 14 June, and proceeded to disembark SOE agents in Crete and receive a team of 15 New Zealand commandos.^[2] During the next patrol, from 31 August to 15 September, she unsuccessfully attacked a 8,000-ton oil carrier, and disembarked two mixed British-Greek commando teams at Rhodes, which succeeded in attacking the island's two airfields and destroying a large number of Axis aircraft.^[2]

Coming under the command of Lt Nikolaos Roussen, the submarine went into another patrol in November, offloading men and equipment at Crete. On 30 November, Papanikolis successfully ambushed and sank a 8,000-ton cargo vessel at the Alimnia islet, near Rhodes.^[3] On 17 January 1943, after carrying agents and equipment to Hydra, she captured the 200-ton sailing vessel Agios Stefanos and manned it with part of her crew, which sailed it to Alexandria, while the next day, she sank another 150-ton sailer.^[2] During subsequent patrols in March and May, she sank further 4 sailers, totaling 450 tons.^[2]

Papanikolis survived the war and returned to Greece after liberation in October 1944. However, she was severely outdated, and was decommissioned in 1945. The ship's conning tower was preserved and is on display in the Maritime Museum at Piraeus.^[3]

[edit] Tradition

Two other vessels of the Hellenic Navy have received the name Papanikolis: the Balao class GUPPY IIA submarine Papanikolis (S-114) (in service 1972-1992) and the lead ship of the new Type 214 submarine class, the Papanikolis (S-120).