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Harry Potter film series | |
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Image:Harrypotterfilmsyears1-5..jpg DVD boxset of the first five films. |
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Directed by | Chris Columbus (Philosopher's Stone, Chamber of Secrets) Alfonso Cuarón (Prisoner of Azkaban) Mike Newell (Goblet of Fire) David Yates (Order of the Phoenix, Half-Blood Prince) |
Produced by | David Heyman |
Written by | Novels: J. K. Rowling Screenplays: Steve Kloves (PS, COS, POA, GOF, HBP) Michael Goldenberg (OOTP) |
Starring | Trio cast: Daniel Radcliffe Rupert Grint Emma Watson Other principal cast: Michael Gambon Ralph Fiennes Gary Oldman Alan Rickman Maggie Smith Robbie Coltrane David Thewlis Matthew Lewis Tom Felton Bonnie Wright |
Music by | John Williams (PS, COS, POA) Patrick Doyle (GOF) Nicholas Hooper (OOTP, HBP) |
Distributed by | Warner Bros. |
Release date(s) | 2001 – TBA |
Running time | 750 min. |
Country | United Kingdom United States |
Language | English |
Budget | $655 million |
Gross revenue | $4,480,956,067 |
The Harry Potter film series are the fantasy films based on the Harry Potter heptalogy of novels by British author and writer J. K. Rowling.
The five released to-date make up the highest grossing film series (not including inflation) of all time, with USD$4.48 billion in worldwide receipts.[1] The series consists of five motion pictures with the latest installment, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, released to cinemas in the United Kingdom and Ireland on 12 July 2007[2], and in Canada, Asia, Australia and the United States on 11 July 2007[3]. In the United States, the revenues for the midnight opening were $12 million and first day revenues beat out Spider Man 2 ($40.4 million) for highest Wednesday opening at $44.2 million.
Warner Brothers holds the film rights to produce adaptations of the two remaining novels, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.[4] The former has a release date of November 21, 2008, and will be directed by David Yates.[5]
[edit] Films
[edit] Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
Production - Development Named SS in America
Plot
[edit] Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets
[edit] Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
[edit] Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
[edit] Harry Potter and the Order of the Pheonix
[edit] Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince
[edit] Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows
"Years ago, we briefly — and seriously — considered doing Goblet of Fire as two films. So this concept is not altogether new. As for Deathly Hallows, I intuited — almost from the first moments I began reading it and certainly once I'd finished — that to realize the story in a single film was going to be a tall order. Others in 'the group' felt similarly. So the idea of two films began to get kicked around as early as late summer of 2007. We didn't take it lightly. But ultimately everyone felt that despite the challenges it would present, it was the most sound creative decision. I'm sure some will think we're crazy. My wife looked at me cross-eyed when I first mentioned it. But I'm really excited about it because it should allow us to stretch a bit with the characters and give them the proper send-off. The story is highly emotional and those moments deserve time to breathe. And, personally, I feel we owe it to Jo — in order to preserve the integrity of the work — and the fans — for their loyalty all these years — to give them the best and most complete experience possible."[6] |
— Steve Kloves on the decision to split the film. |
A two-part film adaptation of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows is planned. The film is to be split in two, with David Yates, who directed the preceding two films, directing both parts. The first part will be released in November 2010, and the second in in May 2011.[7] The films will be shot back to back,[8] and treated as if it were one film.[9] The idea to split the films had been around since the middle of 2007,[6] but only really came into serious consideration after producer David Heyman was able to talk to writer Steve Kloves when the 2007-08 Writers Guild of America strike ended and Heyman had Rowling's approval.[9]
According to Warner Bros. executive Alan Horn it will allow "an extra hour and a half to celebrate what this franchise has been and do justice to all the words and ideas in the amazing story."[8] Heyman described the workings behind the split: "Deathly Hallows is so rich, the story so dense and there is so much that is resolved that, after discussing it with [Rowling], we came to the conclusion that two parts were needed."[8] Due to the WGA strike, Kloves was not able to start work on the script until it ended.[10] Filming is anticipated to begin in February 2009, and will last for the majority of that year.[9]
Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert Grint and Emma Watson will reprise their roles as Harry, Ron and Hermione,[4] while Helena Bonham Carter, Brendan Gleeson, Timothy Spall, and David Thewlis have confirmed they will reprise their roles as Bellatrix Lestrange, Mad-Eye Moody, Peter Pettigrew, and Remus Lupin respectively.[11][12][13][14] Imelda Staunton wishes to reprise the role of Dolores Umbridge.[15]
Alfonso Cuarón, director of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, had said that he would be "tempted" to return to direct.[16] Guillermo Del Toro, who passed on Prisoner of Azkaban, had expressed interest in directing Deathly Hallows,[17] but an increased workload ruled him out of the project.[18] John Williams, who composed the scores to the first three films, has expressed interest in returning to score the film.[19]
[edit] Development
In 1997, producer David Heyman searched Hollywood for a children's book that could be adapted into a well received film. He had planned to produce The Ogre Downstairs by Diana Wynne Jones, but his plans fell through. His staff at Heyday Films then suggested Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, which Heyman believed was "a cool idea."[20] Heyman pitched the idea to Warner Bros.[20] and the following year, Rowling sold the film rights to the company the rights to the first four Harry Potter books for a reported £1 million (US$1,982,900).[21] A demand Rowling made was that the principal cast be kept strictly British, nonetheless allowing for the inclusion of many Irish actors such as the late Richard Harris as Dumbledore, and for casting of French and Eastern European actors in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire where characters from the book are specified as such.[22] Rowling was hesitant to sell the rights because she "didn't want to give them control over the rest of the story" by selling the rights to the characters, which would have enabled WB to make non-author-written sequels.[23]
Although Steven Spielberg initially negotiated to direct the film, he declined the offer.[24] Spielberg reportedly wanted the adaptation to be an animated film, with American actor Haley Joel Osment to provide Harry Potter's voice,[25] or a film incorporated elements from subsequent books as well.[20] Spielberg contended that, in his opinion, there was every expectation of profit in making the film, and that making money would have been like "shooting ducks in a barrel. It's just a slam dunk. It's just like withdrawing a billion dollars and putting it into your personal bank accounts. There's no challenge."[26] In the Rubbish Bin section of her website, Rowling maintains that she has no role in choosing directors for the films and said "Anyone who thinks I could (or would) have 'veto-ed' him [Spielberg] needs their Quick-Quotes Quill serviced."[27] Heyman recalled that Spielberg decided to direct whichever project, out of Artificial Intelligence: A.I., Minority Report, Memoirs of a Geisha or Harry Potter, "came together first," with him opting to direct A.I..[20]
After Spielberg left, talks began with other directors, including: Chris Columbus, Terry Gilliam, Jonathan Demme, Mike Newell, Alan Parker, Wolfgang Petersen, Rob Reiner, Ivan Reitman, Tim Robbins, Brad Silberling, M. Night Shyamalan and Peter Weir.[28][20][29] Petersen and Reiner then both pulled out of the running in March 2000,[30] and the choice was narrowed down to Silberling, Columbus, Parker and Gilliam.[31] Rowling's first choice director was Terry Gilliam,[32] but Warner Bros chose Columbus, citing his work on other family films such as Home Alone and Mrs. Doubtfire as influences for their decision.[33] Columbus pitched his vision of the film for two hours, stating that he wanted the Muggle scenes "to be bleak and dreary," but those set in the wizarding world "to be steeped in color, mood, and detail." He took inspiration from David Lean's adaptations of Great Expectations and Oliver Twist, wishing to use "that sort of darkness, that sort of edge, that quality to the cinematography," taking the colour designs from Oliver! and The Godfather.[20]
"Harry Potter is the kind of timeless literary achievement that comes around once in a lifetime. Since the books have generated such a passionate following across the world, it was important to us to find a director that has an affinity for both children and magic. I can't think of anyone more ideally suited for this job than Chris." |
— Lorenzo di Bonaventura[33] |
Steve Kloves was selected to write the screenplay for the film. He described adapting the book as "tough", as it did not "lend itself to adaptation as well as the next two books."[34] Kloves was sent a selection of synopses of books proposed as film adaptations, which he "almost never read",[20] but Harry Potter jumped out at him. He went out and bought the book, and became an instant fan of the series.[34] When speaking to Warner Bros. he stated that the film had to be British, and had to be true to the characters.[34] Kloves was nervous when he first meet Rowling as he did not want he to think he was going to "[destroy] her baby." Rowling admitted that she "was really ready to hate this Steve Kloves," but recalled her initial meeting with him: "The first time I met him, he said to me, 'You know who my favorite character is?' And I thought, You're gonna say Ron. I know you're gonna say Ron. But he said 'Hermione.' And I just kind of melted."[20] Rowling received a large amount of creative control, being made an executive producer, an arrangement that Columbus did not mind.[35]
[edit] Production
Chris Columbus directed the first two films, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone and Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Alfonso Cuarón directed the third, and Mike Newell directed the fourth. The fifth, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, was directed by David Yates, he will also direct the sixth, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.[36] Columbus also worked as producer on the first three films.
Rowling's first choice for director was originally Terry Gilliam, but Columbus' involvement as screenwriter on the 1985 film Young Sherlock Holmes encouraged Warner Bros. to select him in preference. It is similar to the Harry Potter series in that it includes three leads who bear a strong resemblance to the Harry, Ron and Hermione of Rowling's description (as does a character named Dudley to Draco Malfoy). They investigate a supernatural mystery in a Gothic boarding school, where staff include the Professor Flitwick-like Waxflatter, and sinister Rathe. Scenes from the film were used to cast the first Harry Potter film.[37]
In 2000, the virtually unknown British actors Daniel Radcliffe, Emma Watson and Rupert Grint were selected from thousands of auditioning children to play the roles of Harry Potter, Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, respectively.[38] They have played their characters in the first five films, and on 23 March 2007, Warner Bros. confirmed that all three would return for the sixth and seventh.[4] Other notable Potter character portrayals include Robbie Coltrane's Hagrid, Alan Rickman's Severus Snape, Tom Felton's Draco Malfoy, Maggie Smith's Minerva McGonagall, and Richard Harris and Michael Gambon's Albus Dumbledore (Gambon took over for the third film following Harris's death in 2002). Each reprised their characters for Order of the Phoenix, along with Jason Isaacs as Lucius Malfoy, Gary Oldman as Sirius Black, and Ralph Fiennes as Lord Voldemort.
The first four films were scripted by Steve Kloves with the direct assistance of Rowling, though she allowed Kloves what he described as "tremendous elbow room". Thus the plot and tone of each film and its corresponding book are virtually the same with some changes and omissions for purposes of cinematic style and time constraints. Rowling has asked Kloves to keep being faithful to the books.[39]
The fifth film, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix was released by Warner Bros. on July 11, 2007, in English-speaking countries, except for the UK and Ireland which released the movie on July 12.[40] Ironically, Order of the Phoenix is the shortest film in the series so far (at 138 mins.), whereas its book counterpart is the longest book in the series (at 257,045 word count[41]).
The sixth, Half-Blood Prince is scheduled for a worldwide release on the 21st of November, 2008.[42] Production of Deathly Hallows is confirmed, but no date has been set. If the year-and-half gap between each of the movies is maintained, the movie will probably be released around mid-to-late 2010.
Two British film industry officials requested that the first film be shot in England, offering their assistance in securing filming locations, the use of Leavesden Film Studios, as well as changing England's child labour laws.[20] The offer was accepted, and the studios were used for every film ever since.[43] The crew often found it cheaper to build sets, such as Privet Drive, rather than film on location.[44]
[edit] Response
This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. Please improve the article by adding references. See the talk page for details. (September 2007) |
All the films in the series have been a big financial success, causing the franchise to be seen as one of the major Hollywood tent-poles, akin with Star Wars, James Bond, The Lord of the Rings and Pirates of the Caribbean.[45]
However, opinions of the films generally divide book fans right down the middle, with one group preferring the more faithful approach of the first two films, and another group perferring the more stylised character-driven approach of the later films.
Some feel the series has a "disjointed" feel due to the changes in directors, as well as Michael Gambon's interpretation of Dumbledore differing from that of Richard Harris's[citation needed].
Chris Columbus's approach was extremely faithful to the source material, recreating the book as much as possible. A criticism is that his two films contain much action but little emotion, undeveloped characters, and an abundance of expository dialogue. Such a strict recreation of the book also results in a slow pace, and consequently, the films are accused of being too long.
Alfonso Cuaron's approach was more stylized and lively, using many handheld long takes and dark uses of colour. Unlike Columbus, his dislike of expository dialogue or explanation of backstory (most notably the Marauder's story) led to criticisms of his approach being "style over substance". His reimagining of Hogwarts and student attire caused some to feel the continuity of the series had been hurt, though some find it to be closer to the descriptions in the novels. Furthermore, his quickfire pacing led to a shorter film, leading some to call Cuaron "lazy".[citation needed] However, the film is often perceived by critics to be the finest in the series.[46]
Mike Newell's approach focused more on humour and character development. Newell delved more into interactions between the students and their relationships, creating the feeling of a British boarding school. A criticism is that Newell left in moments of slapstick, childish humour (such as Madame Maxime eating something out of Hagrid's beard) in favour of the book's subplots, resulting in a rushed, disjointed film.
David Yates took his movie in an entirely different direction. He focused more on the tone of the book, ensuring that the film was as dark as its counterpart. This has led to criticisms that the movie is missing the delight and "magic" that installments three and four had. However, it is unclear whether or not these "problems" should be attributed to Michael Goldenberg (the screenwriter, taking over for Steve Kloves) or rather to Yates himself. On the other hand, some have seen his direction thus far as an improvement; comparable to Cuaron's dark style.[citation needed]
It is worth mentioning that perceptions of the films have changed over time. For instance, at the time of its release, Chamber of Secrets was almost universally praised as superior to the first film, due to the darker tone and improved acting of the leads. However, as later entries became even darker and the performances continued to improve, it became less praised and thought of simply as "more of Columbus doing the same thing as the first". Furthermore, both films were criticised for lacking character moments, but the repeated airings of "Extended TV Versions" on the ABC and ABC Family networks, which incorporate deleted scenes into the films, have been able to add a few character moments back in. Columbus's films have benefited the most from these "Extended" versions.[citation needed]
Rowling has been constantly supportive of the films,[47][48][49] and evaluated Order of the Phoenix as "the best one yet" in the series.[50] She wrote on her web site of the changes in the book-to-film transition, "It is simply impossible to incorporate every one of my storylines into a film that has to be kept under four hours long. Obviously films have restrictions novels do not have, constraints of time and budget; I can create dazzling effects relying on nothing but the interaction of my own and my readers’ imaginations".[51]
[edit] Box office performance
Film | Release date | Box office revenue | Box office ranking | Reference | ||||
United States | United Kingdom | United States | Outside U.S. | Worldwide | All time U.S. | All time worldwide | ||
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | November 16, 2001 | November 16, 2001 | $317,575,550 | $658,900,000 | $976,475,550 | #20 | #4 | [52] |
Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets | November 15, 2002 | November 15, 2002 | $261,988,482 | $617,000,000 | $878,988,482 | #36 | #13 | [53] |
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban | 4 June 2004 | 31 May 2004 | $249,541,069 | $546,000,000 | $795,541,069 | #44 | #19 | [54] |
Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire | November 18, 2005 | November 18, 2005 | $290,013,036 | $606,003,123 | $896,016,159 | #31 | #11 | [55] |
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix | 11 July 2007 | 12 July 2007 | $291,888,789 | $646,444,900 | $938,333,689 | #28 | #6 | [56] |
Harry Potter film series | $1,411,006,926 | $3,074,348,023 | $4,485,354,949 |
As of November 2007, the Harry Potter film franchise is the highest grossing film franchise of all time, with the five films released so far grossing $4.48 billion worldwide. Higher than all 21 James Bond films and the six films in the Star Wars franchise, when the figures are not adjusted for inflation.[57]
[edit] References
- ^ Garrett, Diane. "'Potter' toots box office horn", Variety, 2007-09-10. Retrieved on 2007-09-11.
- ^ http://harrypotter.warnerbros.co.uk/site/ Official Warner Bros Harry Potter UK site (accessed 9 June 2007)
- ^ http://www2.warnerbros.com/orderofthephoenix/ Official Warner Bros Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (accessed 9 June 2007)
- ^ a b c "Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert Grint and Emma Watson to Reprise Roles in the Final Two Instalments of Warner Bros. Pictures' Harry Potter Film Franchise", Warner Bros., 2007-03-23. Retrieved on 2007-03-23.
- ^ Spelling, Ian. "Yates Confirmed For Potter VI", Sci Fi Wire, 2007-05-03. Retrieved on 2007-05-03.
- ^ a b Michael Sragow. "Steve Kloves says 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows' will film in two parts", Baltimore Sun, 2008-03-13. Retrieved on 2008-03-14.
- ^ "Official: Two Parts for "Deathly Hallows" Movie, David Yates to Direct Both Films", The Los Angeles Times, 2008-03-12. Retrieved on [[2008-03-12]].
- ^ a b c Jack Malvern. "Longer spell at box office for Harry Potter", The Times, 2008-03-14. Retrieved on 2008-03-14.
- ^ a b c Olly Richards. "Potter Producer Talks Deathly Hallows", Empire, 2008-03-14. Retrieved on 2008-03-14.
- ^ Olly Richards. "About Those Harry Potter Rumours", Empire, 2008-01-14. Retrieved on 2008-02-14.
- ^ Steve Daly. "Helena Bonham Carter Gets Wicked", Entertainment Weekly, 2007-07-12. Retrieved on 2007-07-15.
- ^ Horowitz, Josh. "Colin Farrell Opens Up About His Love Of Little People And Profanity", MTV, 2008-01-19. Retrieved on 2008-01-19.
- ^ Morris, Clint. "Spall talks his Harry Potter future", MovieHole, 2008-01-18.
- ^ "Harry Potter Film Star Talks To Sky News", Sky News, 2007-10-06. Retrieved on 2007-10-06.
- ^ Olly Richards. "Heroes of 2007", January 2008, pp. 130.
- ^ Utichi, Joe. "RT-UK Exclusive: Alfonso Cuaron talks Mexico and a Return to Harry Potter", Rotten Tomatoes, 2007-07-27. Retrieved on 2007-07-30.
- ^ Larry Carroll. "Guillermo Game For ‘Harry Potter’", MTV, 2007-10-26. Retrieved on 2007-10-26.
- ^ Olly Richards. "Guillermo Del Toro In Talks For Hobbit?", Empire, 2007-01-28. Retrieved on 2007-01-29.
- ^ "Williams Might be Back for Last 'Potter' Film", JWFAN, 2007-08-22. Retrieved on 2007-08-25.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Jeff Jensen, Daniel Fierman. "Inside Harry Potter", Entertainment Weekly, 2001-09-14. Retrieved on 2007-09-17.
- ^ "WiGBPd About Harry", Australian Financial Review, 2000-07-19. Retrieved on 2007-05-26.
- ^ "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone", Guardian Unlimited, 2001-11-16. Retrieved on 2007-05-26.
- ^ Ross, Jonathan, J. K. Rowling. (2007, 6 July). Friday Night with Jonathan Ross. BBC One. Retrieved on 2007-07-31.
- ^ Brian Linder. "No "Harry Potter" for Spielberg", IGN, 2000-02-23. Retrieved on 2007-07-08.
- ^ Jeff Jensen (2000-03-17). Potter's Field. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved on 2007-05-26.
- ^ "For Spielberg, making a Harry Potter movie would have been no challenge", Hollywood.com, 2001-09-05. Retrieved on 2007-05-26.
- ^ Rowling, J.K.. Rubbish Bin: J K Rowling 'veto-ed Steven Spielberg. J.K. Rowling.com. Retrieved on 2006-06-20.
- ^ Greg Dean Schmitz. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone (2001). Yahoo!. Retrieved on 2007-05-30.
- ^ Edward Douglas. "A Good Night for Harry Potter?", Comingsoon.net, 2006-07-10. Retrieved on 2007-10-20.
- ^ Brian Linder. "Two Potential "Harry Potter" Director's Back Out", IGN, 2000-03-07. Retrieved on 2007-07-08.
- ^ Paul Davidson. "Harry Potter Director Narrowed Down", IGN, 2000-03-15. Retrieved on 2007-07-08.
- ^ "Terry Gilliam bitter about Potter", Wizard News, 2005-08-29. Retrieved on 2007-07-08.
- ^ a b Bran Linder. "Chris Columbus to Direct Harry Potter", IGN, 2000-03-28. Retrieved on 2007-07-08.
- ^ a b c Michael Sragow (2000-02-24). A Wizard of Hollywood. Salon.com. Retrieved on 2007-07-08.
- ^ Brian Linder. "Chris Columbus Talks Potter", IGN, 2000-03-30. Retrieved on 2007-07-08.
- ^ "David Yates to Direct Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix for Warner Bros. Pictures", Time Warner, 2005-01-19.
- ^ IGN: Trouble Brewing with Potter Casting?. ign.com. Retrieved on 2006-07-01.
- ^ "Press Release: Radcliffe, Grint, and Watson Selected", Warner Brothers, August 21, 2000.
- ^ "Mzimba, Lizo, moderator. Interview with Steve Kloves and J.K. Rowling", Quick Quotes Quill, February 2003.
- ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0373889/releaseinfo
- ^ "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix", The Harry Potter Lexicon, Retrieved on 2007-07-16.
- ^ Confirmed: HBP movie release date. MuggleNet (2006-08-04). Retrieved on 2006-12-17.
- ^ Leavesden Studios. Film London. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
- ^ Sheperd, Ben. (2007-07-07). Harry Potter: behind the Magic [TV]. ITV1.
- ^ Neil Miler (2007-05-29). The Ten Most Powerful Movie Franchises in History. Film School Rejects. Retrieved on 2007-11-24.
- ^ Total Film: Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix - Film Review -- July 2007
- ^ Potter Power!. Time For Kids. Retrieved on 2007-05-31.
- ^ Puig, Claudia. "New 'Potter' movie sneaks in spoilers for upcoming books", USA Today, 2004-05-27. Retrieved on 2007-05-31.
- ^ "JK 'loves' Goblet Of Fire movie", BBC Newsround, 2005-11-07. Retrieved on 2007-05-31.
- ^ Grint, Rupert, David Heyman, Emerson Spartz. (2007, July 8). OOTP US Premiere red carpet interviews. MuggleNet. Retrieved on 2007-07-11.
- ^ Rowling, J. K.. How did you feel about the POA filmmakers leaving the Marauder’s Map’s background out of the story? (A Mugglenet/Lexicon question). J. K. Rowling Official Site. Retrieved on 2007-10-08.
- ^ Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
- ^ Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
- ^ Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
- ^ Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
- ^ Harry Potter and the Order of the Pheonix. Box Office Mojo. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
- ^ "Harry Potter becomes highest-grossing film franchise", The Guardian, 2007-11-11. Retrieved on 2007-11-17.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
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[[Category:Harry Potter films| ]]