Golden age hip hop
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hip hop's "golden age" is a name given to a period in mainstream hip hop—usually cited as late 1980s—said to be characterized by its diversity, quality, innovation and influence.[1][2] There were strong themes of Afrocentricity and political militancy, while the music was experimental, the sampling, eclectic.[3] The artists most often associated with the phase are Public Enemy, KRS-One and his Boogie Down Productions, Eric B. & Rakim, De La Soul, A Tribe Called Quest, and the Jungle Brothers.[4] Releases by these acts co-existed and successfully competed commercially in this period with those of gangsta rap pioneers Schoolly D and N.W.A, the sex raps of Too $hort, and party-oriented music by acts such as Kid 'n Play, Heavy D, and DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince.[5]
Some writers, such as Tony Green, have referenced the two year period 1993–1994 as "a second Golden Age" that saw influential, high quality albums using elements of past classicism—E-mu SP-1200 drum sounds, turntable scratches, references to old school hip hop hits, and "tongue-twisting triplet verbalisms"—while making clear that new directions were being taken. Green lists Enter the Wu-Tang, Illmatic, Buhloone Mindstate, Doggystyle, Midnight Marauders and Southernplayalisticadillacmuzik as releases of this ilk.[6]
[edit] References
- ^ Jon Caramanica, "Hip-Hop's Raiders of the Lost Archives", New York Times, June 26 2005.
Cheo H. Coker, "Slick Rick: Behind Bars", Rolling Stone, March 9 1995.
Lonnae O'Neal Parker, "U-Md. Senior Aaron McGruder's Edgy Hip-Hop Comic Gets Raves, but No Takers", Washington Post, Aug 20 1997. - ^ Jake Coyle of Associated Press, "Spin magazine picks Radiohead CD as best", published in USA Today, June 19 2005.
Cheo H. Coker, "Slick Rick: Behind Bars", Rolling Stone, March 9 1995.
Andrew Drever, "Jungle Brothers still untamed", The Age [Australia], October 24 2003. - ^ Roni Sariq, "Crazy Wisdom Masters", City Pages, April 16 1997.
Scott Thill, "Whiteness Visible" AlterNet, May 6 2005.
Will Hodgkinson, "Adventures on the wheels of steel", The Guardian, September 19 2003. - ^ Per Coker, Hodgkinson, Drever, Thill, O'Neal Parker and Sariq above. Additionally:
Cheo H. Coker, "KRS-One: Krs-One", Rolling Stone, November 16, 1995.
Andrew Pettie, "'Where rap went wrong'", Daily Telegraph, August 11 2005.
Mosi Reeves, "Easy-Chair Rap", Village Voice, January 29th 2002.
Greg Kot, "Hip-Hop Below the Mainstream", Los Angeles Times, September 19 2001.
Cheo Hodari Coker, "'It's a Beautiful Feeling'", Los Angeles Times, August 11 1996.
Scott Mervis, "From Kool Herc to 50 Cent, the story of rap -- so far", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, February 15 2004. - ^ Bakari Kitwana,"The Cotton Club", Village Voice, June 21 2005.
- ^ Green, Tony, in Wang, Oliver (ed.) Classic Material, Toronto: ECW Press, 2003. (p. 132)
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