GNRHR2

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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (type 2) receptor 2
Identifiers
Symbol(s) GNRHR2; GnRH-II-R
Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 114814 n/a



Pubmed search [1] n/a

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (type 2) receptor 2, also known as GNRHR2, is a human gene.[1]

The receptor for gonadotropin releasing hormone 2 (GnRH2) is encoded by the GnRH2 receptor (GnRHR2) gene. In non-hominoid primates and non-mammalian vertebrates, GnRHR2 encodes a seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor. However, in human, the N-terminus of the predicted protein contains a frameshift and premature stop codon. In human, GnRHR2 transcription occurs but whether the gene produces a functional C-terminal multi-transmembrane protein is currently unresolved. Alternative splice variants have been reported. An untranscribed pseudogene of GnRHR2 is also on chromosome 14.[1]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b Entrez Gene: GNRHR2 gonadotropin-releasing hormone (type 2) receptor 2.

[edit] Further reading

  • Neill JD (2002). "GnRH and GnRH receptor genes in the human genome.". Endocrinology 143 (3): 737–43. PMID 11861490. 
  • Millar R, Conklin D, Lofton-Day C, et al. (1999). "A novel human GnRH receptor homolog gene: abundant and wide tissue distribution of the antisense transcript.". J. Endocrinol. 162 (1): 117–26. PMID 10396028. 
  • Neill JD, Duck LW, Sellers JC, Musgrove LC (2001). "A gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor specific for GnRH II in primates.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 282 (4): 1012–8. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4678. PMID 11352653. 
  • Faurholm B, Millar RP, Katz AA (2002). "The genes encoding the type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor and the ribonucleoprotein RBM8A in humans overlap in two genomic loci.". Genomics 78 (1-2): 15–8. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6650. PMID 11707068. 
  • van Biljon W, Wykes S, Scherer S, et al. (2003). "Type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor transcripts in human sperm.". Biol. Reprod. 67 (6): 1741–9. PMID 12444048. 
  • Morgan K, Conklin D, Pawson AJ, et al. (2003). "A transcriptionally active human type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene homolog overlaps two genes in the antisense orientation on chromosome 1q.12.". Endocrinology 144 (2): 423–36. PMID 12538601. 
  • Pawson AJ, Maudsley S, Morgan K, et al. (2005). "Inhibition of human type i gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) function by expression of a human type II GnRHR gene fragment.". Endocrinology 146 (6): 2639–49. doi:10.1210/en.2005-0133. PMID 15761034. 
  • Eicke N, Günthert AR, Viereck V, et al. (2005). "GnRH-II receptor-like antigenicity in human placenta and in cancers of the human reproductive organs.". Eur. J. Endocrinol. 153 (4): 605–12. doi:10.1530/eje.1.02005. PMID 16189182. 
  • Ikemoto T, Park MK (2006). "Comparative genomics of the endocrine systems in humans and chimpanzees with special reference to GNRH2 and UCN2 and their receptors.". Genomics 87 (4): 459–62. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2005.11.005. PMID 16406723. 
  • Parker JD, Malik M, Catherino WH (2007). "Human myometrium and leiomyomas express gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 receptor.". Fertil. Steril. 88 (1): 39–46. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.098. PMID 17296196. 
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v • d • e
Transmembrane receptor: G protein-coupled receptors
Class A: Rhodopsin like
Acetylcholine (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) - Adrenergic (α1 (A, B, D), α2 (A, B, C), β1, β2, β3) - Adrenomedullin - Anaphylatoxin (C3a, C5a) - Angiotensin (1, 2) - Apelin - Bile acid - Bombesin (BRS3, GRPR, NMBR) - Bradykinin (B1, B2) - Cannabinoid (CB1, CB2) - Chemokine - Cholecystokinin (A, B) - Dopamine (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5) - Eicosanoid (CysLT (1, 2), LTB4 (1, 2), FPRL1, OXE, Prostaglandin ((DP (1, 2), EP (1, 2, 3, 4), PGF, Prostacyclin, Thromboxane) - EBI2 - Endothelin (A, B) - Estrogen - Formyl peptide (1, L1, L2) - Free fatty acid (1, 2, 3, 4) - FSH - Galanin (1, 2, 3) - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1, 2) - GPR (1, 3, 4, 6, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 39, 42, 44, 45, 50, 52, 55, 61, 62, 63, 65, 68, 75, 77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 92, 101, 103, 119, 120, 132, 135, 139, 141, 142, 146, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 160, 161, 162, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 182) - Ghrelin - Histamine (H1, H2, H3, H4) - Kisspeptin - Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin - Lysophospholipid (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) - MAS (1, 1L, D, E, F, G, X1, X2, X3, X4) - Melanocortin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - MCHR (1, 2) - Melatonin (1A, 1B)- Motilin - neuromedin (B, U (1, 2)) - Neuropeptide (B/W (1, 2), FF (1, 2), S, Y (1, 2, 4, 5)) - Neurotensin (1, 2) - Opioid (Delta, Kappa, Mu, Nociceptin, but not Sigma) - Olfactory - Opsin (3, 4, 5, 1LW, 1MW, 1SW, RGR, RRH) - Orexin (1, 2) - Oxytocin - Oxoglutarate - PAF - Prokineticin (1, 2) - Prolactin-releasing peptide - Protease-activated (1, 2, 3, 4) - Purinergics (Adenosine (A1, A2a, A2b, A3), P2Y, (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)) - Relaxin (1, 2, 3, 4) - Somatostatin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - Serotonin, all but 5-HT3 (5-HT1 (A, B, D, E, F), 5-HT2 (A, B, C), 5-HT (4, 5A, 6, 7)) - SREB - Succinate - TAAR (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9) - Tachykinin (1, 2, 3) - Thyrotropin - Thyrotropin-releasing hormone - Urotensin-II - Vasopressin (1A, 1B, 2)
Class B: Secretin like
Class C: Metabotropic
glutamate / pheromone
Calcium-sensing receptor - GABA B (1, 2) - Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)) - GPRC6A - GPR (156, 158, 179) - RAIG (1, 2, 3, 4) - Taste receptors (TAS1R (1, 2, 3) TAS2R (1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50))
Frizzled / Smoothened
Frizzled (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) - Smoothened