Glycerol 3-phosphate
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Glycerol 3-phosphate | |
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IUPAC name | 1,2,3-Propanetriol, 1- (dihydrogen phosphate) |
Other names | Glycerol-1-phosphate Glycerophosphate α-glycerolphosphate |
Identifiers | |
CAS number | [57-03-4] |
PubChem | |
MeSH | |
SMILES | OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O |
Properties | |
Molecular formula | C3H9O6P |
Molar mass | 172.074 |
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
Glycerol 3-phosphate is a chemical intermediate in the glycolysis metabolic pathway. It should not be confused with the similarly named glycerate 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
[edit] Function
Glycerol 3-phosphate is produced from glycerol, the triose sugar backbone of triglycerides and glycerophospholipids, by the enzyme glycerol kinase. Glycerol 3-phospate may then be converted by dehydrogenation to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) by the enzyme glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. DHAP can then be rearranged into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate(GA3P) by triose phosphate isomerase(TIM), and feed into glycolysis.
The glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is used to rapidly regenerate NAD+ in brain and skeletal muscle cells of mammals.