Gilbert Waterhouse
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Gilbert Waterhouse (1883 - 1 July 1916), was an English architect and, later, war poet. He was killed on the first day of the Battle of the Somme, in World War I, while serving as a second lieutenant in the 2nd Bn Essex Regiment. A volume of his poems Rail-Head and other poems (including the poems Rail-Head and Bivouacs) was published posthumously in 1916.
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[edit] Early life
Waterhouse was born the 3rd child of 7 at Chatham Kent on 22 January 1883. His family was middle-class English, his Father’s occupation being a shipbroker. Waterhouse was educated at Bancroft's School 1894-1900 and at the University of London. At the UK 1901 Census, the family were shown to be living in East London, where his occupation was given as Ship’s Draughtsman at the age of 18. He is known to have then qualified as an architect (RIBA) and gives his profession as “architect-surveyor” when he enlisted on 8 September 1914.
[edit] Army Service
Waterhouse enlisted as a Private Soldier, aged 31, in the 18th Bn Royal Fusiliers. He then applied for a commission in April 1915, and was discharged to a commission in May 1915. He was then posted as a Second Lieutenant to the 3rd Battalion Essex Regiment at Harwich. This was a training unit for officers and soldiers. His "Sonnet"; "Coming in splendour thro' the golden gate" appeared in The English Review, October 1915.
It is not known when he was posted to join the 2nd Bn Essex Regiment in France, however National Archive records have a telegram to his Father, dated 25 February 1916 stating that Waterhouse has been 'admitted to No 3 General Hospital Le Treport 22 Feb suffering from septic left arm, slight'.
[edit] The Somme
Waterhouse returned to his unit, the 2nd Battalion, The Essex Regiment, at some stage prior to the Battle of the Somme. This Battalion was part of the 12th Brigade of the 4th Infantry Division
On 1 July Waterhouse was serving with C Company. His unit was stationed in the line south of the village of Serre. At the start of the assault the 2nd Bn had comprised 24 officers and 606 other ranks. By the end of the day it was decimated and finished it with only two officers and 192 other ranks unscathed.
Waterhouse was initially posted “wounded and missing”. His personal records are available in the UK National Archives and it is clear from survivor testimony that he either died of wounds or was killed after being initially wounded and cared for by his servant. However he was not formally pronounced dead until March 1917, leaving his family in some anguish and forlorn hope he may have been taken prisoner.
From Pte J Adkins 15951 St John's Hospital Etaples 11 July 1916:
| “ | 'I last saw Lt Waterhouse on the 1st July about 9.30 am two hours after the start.
He was a very brave man and he stood out more conspicuously than anyone. He seemed so fearless…. 'On the 1st July between Serre Wood and Beaumont, about 9.30 in the morning, I had got over one German trench and was advancing to a second when I was hit in the back. I was carrying bombs and I was going on again when I caught sight of Lt Waterhouse about 30 yards from me. He had a revolver in his hand and he stood out, a solitary figure. I saw him drop to his knees and begin to crawl and I did the same and so did his platoon. I thought at the time he had seen an MG and was avoiding the fire but he may have been hit.’ |
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His body was not recovered until after the battle, when he was buried in the CWGC Serre Road No.2 cemetery around July 1917.
[edit] Poetry
Waterhouse left behind a slim volume of poems, published posthumously in December 1916, entitled “Rail-Head and other poems”. There are only 24 poems, most of them written pre-war or before he arrived at the front. But some half a dozen are definitely ‘trench’ poems and show that his powers of observation, precise expression and developing satiric humour might have matched a Sassoon or Owen had he survived longer than the average infantry officer.
One of the more famous poems in the book is Bivouacs.
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