Gikan-ryū Koppōjutsu
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Gikan-ryū Koppōjutsu (義鑑流骨法術) ("School of Truth, Loyalty, and Justice") is a medieval Japanese school of martial arts established in the 16th century by Uryu Hangan Gikanbo (瓜生判官義鑑坊). [1] Koppōjutsu means "attacks against bones." It is commonly considered a hard art in comparison to softer arts such as kosshijutsu (骨指術).
Gikan Ryu is said to contain many special skills unique to the ryu. These techniques have not been written down, but are passed on orally from sensei to student. [2] [3]
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[edit] Sōke dispute
It is disputed who the current sōke of Gikan Ryu is. At this time, two people claim to be soke of Gikan Ryu. One is Shoto Tanemura and the other is Masaaki Hatsumi, with most Gikan Ryu schools favoring Dr. Hatsumi. [4] [5]
Tanemura claims he received sokeship to the ryu through Sato Kinbei. According to Tanemura, Kinbei received sokeship to the ryu from Toshitsugu Takamatsu, who was the previous soke. It is thought Takamatsu originally gave sokeship to Fumio Akimoto; however, Akimoto died shortly thereafter and so the sokeship was secretly given to Sato. It is not publicly known why this was done secretly.
Tanemura's claim to the ryu has been challenged in a Japanese court; however, Tanemura was able to provide proof that his claim was legitimate in the form of scrolls and the matter was closed. Tanemura has also displayed his Gikan Ryu sokeship scrolls in an instructional jujutsu video produced in the early 1990s.
Hatsumi claims sokeship to the ryu directly from Takamatsu. According to Hatsumi, Takamatsu gave sokeship to Akimoto, who died shortly thereafter. Takamatsu then gave sokeship of the ryu to Hatsumi. There is some confusion as to why Akimoto Fumio is listed in the Bujinkan version of the Gikan Ryu lineage, because the sokeship returned to Takamatsu after Akimoto died. It is not understood why Hatsumi has listed Akimoto as being in the lineage when Akimoto never passed the sokeship on to anyone.
It is thought that Hatsumi lacks a physical Gikan Ryu sokeship scroll. Instead, his Koto Ryu sokeship scroll was given an addition, possibly by Takamatsu, to include some form of Gikan Ryu license. Further adding to the confusion, prior to the 1970s, Hatsumi did not claim to be soke of Gikan Ryu.
Neither story has been verified by a third party. There remains a possibility that Takamatsu split the ryu into two similar branches. It is clear however, that both Tanemura and Hatsumi have learned Gikan Ryu. Both have displayed techniques of the ryu in instructional videos.
[edit] Genbukan Claimed Lineage
- Uryu Hangan Gikanbo
- Uryu Hangan Yoshichika
- Uryu Kanzui
- Uryu Nobuyoshi
- Uryu Tenkaibo
- Uryu Hidechika
- Uryu Sokaibo
- Uryu Shinkaibo
- Uryu Gikaibo
- Uryu Gikanbo
- Ishitani Matsutaro
- Takamatsu Toshitsugu
- Sato Kinbei
- Shoto Tanemura
[edit] Bujinkan Claimed Lineage
- Sonyuhangan Gikanbo (Daimyo of Kawachi Castle)
He was also known as:
- Uryu Hangan Gikanbo - Eiroku era, 1558-1570
- Uryu Yoshimitsu - Tenshō era, 1573-1592
- Uryu Yoshimori - Kan'ei era, 1624-1644
- Uryu Yoshichika - Kambun era, 1661-1673
- Uryu Yoshitaka - Genroku era, 1688-1704
- Uryu Yoshihide - Horeki era, 1751-1764
- Uryu Yoshimori - Kansei era, 1789-1801
- Uryu Yoshiaki - Tenpo era, 1830-1844
- Uryu Gikan - Keiō era, 1865-1868
- Ishitani Takeoi Masatsugu - approx d. 1905
- Ishitani Matsutaro Takekage - approx d. 1911
- Toshitsugu Takamatsu - b.1887-d.1972
- Akimoto Fumio - approx d. 1962
- Masaaki Hatsumi
[edit] Notes
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