Ghaziabad
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| ?Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh • India |
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| Coordinates: | |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Area • Elevation |
• 250 m (820 ft) |
| District(s) | Ghaziabad District |
| Population | 968,521[1] (2001) |
| Mayor | Damyanti Goel |
| Codes • Pincode • Telephone • Vehicle |
• 201 xxx • +91-120 • UP 14 |
Coordinates: Ghaziabad pronunciation (Hindi: गाज़ियाबाद, Urdu: غازی آباد) is an industrial city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located about 1.5 km east of the Hindon River at latitude 28° 40' north and longitude 77° 25' east. It is 19 km east of Delhi and 46 km southwest of Meerut. The city houses the headquarters of the Ghaziabad district. It was initially part of the Meerut district after independence, till the time when — due to some political intervention — Ghaziabad was separated and given a new district status. The reason cited was that it would be easier to manage if a big district like Meerut were divided into two parts, though it has been stated that the true motivation was political.
The city gets its name from the founder Ghazi-ud-din, who called it Ghaziuddinnagar after himself. Later the name was shortened to Ghaziabad. It is a large industrial city well-connected by roads and railways. It has industries that manufacture railway coaches, diesel engines, bicycles, tapestries, glassware, pottery, paint and varnish, heavy chains, etc.
Recently a number of malls and multiplexes have come up in the city and the roads are being improved by construction and widening of flyovers. These developments have also led to it being featured in Newsweek International[2] as one of the 10 most dynamic cities of the world for 2006.
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[edit] History
Ghaziabad was founded in 1740 by the vizir Ghazi-un-ddin. He named it after himself and called it Ghaziuddinnagar.
The city was the scene of fighting during the Indian Mutiny, 1857–58, revolt that began with Indian soldiers in the Bengal army of the British East India Company but developed into a widespread uprising against British rule in India. In an encounter between the freedom fighters and a small British force the former were defeated while trying to hold the Hindon. This was the first war of independence and it brought Ghaziabad much of its glory.
From the historical cultural, mythological and archaeological point of view Ghaziabad is a prosperous city. This has been proved from the research work and excavations done in the district. The excavation work carried out at the mound of Kaseri situated on the bank of river Hindon, 2 km north from Mohan Nagar shows that civilization was developed here in 2500 B.C[citation needed].
[edit] Formation of the District
Before 14th November 1976 Ghaziabad was the Tehsil of District Meerut. The then chief minister Mr. N.D.Tiwari decalered Ghaziabad as a district on 14th November 1976, on the birth anniversary of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of India. From then Ghaziabad has moved forward leaps and bounds on the social, economic, agriculture and individual front.
Ghaziabad, the headquarters of the district of the same name, lies on the Grand Trunk road about a mile east of the Hindon River in lat. 280 40' north and long. 770 25' east, 19 km east of Delhi and 46 km southwest of Meerut with which it is connected by a metalled road. Other roads lead north-west to Loni and Baghpat and east to Hapur and Garhmukteshwar. Buses run at frequent intervals from here to Delhi, Meerut, Aligarh, Bulandshahar, Moradabad, Lucknow and to other districts also. It is an important station on the Northern Railway where railway lines, from Delhi to Calcutta, Moradabad and Saharanpur meet, connecting it with many important cities of India.
As its boundary is adjacent to Delhi, it acts as the main entrance of Uttar Pradesh and that is why it is also called the Gateway Of Uttar Pradesh
[edit] From Ghaziuddinnagar to Ghaziabad
The place was founded in 1740 by the vizir, Ghazi-ud-din, who called it Ghaziuddinnagar after himself and built a spacious sarai consisting of 120 rooms of masonry with pointed arches. Only the gate, a few portions of the boundary wall and a massive pillar about fourteen feet in height remains now, the precincts now being inhabited. His mausoleum still stands in the city but is in a bad state of preservation. The Jat raja, Surajmal, killed near the city by the Rohillas in 1763. An encounter between the freedom fighters and a small British force took place here in May, 1857, in which the former were defeated while trying to hold the Hindon. After the opening the railway line the name of the place was shortened to Ghaziabad.
[edit] Geography
Ghaziabad is situated about 2.5 km from the Hindon river. On the north it is bound by the district of Meerut, on the south by that of Bulandshahar & Gautambudh Nagar, on the south-west by Delhi and on the east by the district Jyotibaphule Nagar. As its boundary is adjacent to Delhi, it acts as the main entrance to Uttar Pradesh and hence is also called the Gateway of Uttar Pradesh.
Ganga, Yamuna and Hindon are the main rivers flowing through the district and they are filled with water throughout the year. Other than these there are some small rain-fed rivers, prominent among them is the Kali river. Apart from these rivers the Ganaga Canal flows through the district and irrigation work is carried out through different branches of the canal. The Ganga canal also caters to the drinking water needs of the people of Ghaziabad as well as Delhi.
[edit] Climate
As it is adjacent to Delhi, its temperature and rainfall are similar to that of Delhi. The dust storms in Rajasthan and snowfall in the Himalayas, Kumaon and Garhwal hills impact the weather regularly. The monsoon usually arrives at the end of the June or the first week of July and normally the rainy season lasts till October. Temperatures range from 10-20 degrees Celsius in winters and 30-40 degrees in summers.
[edit] Economy
Ghaziabad is primarily an industrial city with manufacturers in railway coaches, diesel engines, electroplating, bicycles, picture tubes, tapestries, glassware, pottery, vegetable oil, paint and varnish, heavy chains, automobile pistons and rings, steel pharmaceuticals, liquor, etc. It is one of the most industrialized cities in Uttar Pradesh. The new industry sector upcoming in Ghaziabad is of high tech plant growth boosters. Many companies like Plastochem, Crophealth Products Pvt. Ltd. and Hind Biochem are giving it a new dimension.
There are also a number of private hospitals and health-care centres in Ghaziabad that provide health care to the residents in nearby villages and towns such as Pilkhuwa, Hapur, Dasna etc.Yashoda is the premier hospital.
There are a no. of world class malls dotting the city. The Pacific and Shipra malls of which are amongst the largest in the NCR(National Capital Region)
Ghaziabad has a considerable railway importance. It is one of the largest railway junctions, handling more than 100 long distance trains every day, in addition to the numerous suburban trains to Delhi. It houses one of the largest and most modern Electric Locomotive Sheds.
It is also the home to Advanced Level Telecommunication Training Centre (ALTTC).
[edit] Government and Politics
There is Nagar Nigam in Ghaziabad. It was given the status of a municipal corporation on 31 August 1994 which was later on converted to Nagar Nigam in 2000. On 14th November 1976 Ghaziabad was declared as a district by the then Chief Minister Mr. N.D.Tiwari. After which the city moved forward leaps and bounds on the social, economic and agricultural front.
[edit] Transport
Ghaziabad can be reached by air, road and rail. The nearest airport is the Indira Gandhi International airport which is about 45 km away. By road, Ghaziabad is well-connected on all sides to Delhi, NOIDA, Hapur, Modinagar, Meerut, Saharanpur, Haridwar, etc. A large number of people commute to Delhi,Noida,Greater Noida and Gurgaon everyday for work.
There are bus terminuses at Mohan Nagar, Lohia Nagar, Vasundhara and close to Meerut Road from where Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC) buses serve cities over the state.
Ghaziabad is also well-connected to all parts of the country through railway line. It is a railway junction and several lines pass through Ghaziabad. The main railway station is situated in the middle of the city. The city is very well connected to Delhi and other neighbouring cities through Fast Moving Local Trains called EMU. Several trains connect Ghaziabad to Meerut, Aligarh, Delhi, New delhi, Faridabad, Palwal, Mathura, etc.
By September 2009 Metro trains will be running in Ghaziabad. It will extend its journey from Anand Vihar to Vaishali.
[edit] Education
There are a number of private engineering colleges and management institutes in Ghaziabad. Krishna Institute of Engineering and Technology (KIET) is the best college in education. There are also a few medical, dental colleges, and physiotherapy institutes.
The city also has many good schools affiliated to various education boards like ICSE, ISC, CBSE, U.P. State Board.
[edit] Well known schools
- Inderprastha Dental College & Hospital
- St. Paul's Academy (higher secondary)
- St.Joseph's Academy, Mariam Nagar (higher secondary)
- DAV public school, sahibabad (DAV) (higher secondary)
- Delhi public school, ghaziabad (DPSG) (higher secondary)
- Ingraham Institute English School (higher secondary)
- Ryan International School (higher secondary)
- Silver line Academy (higher secondary)
- Uttam School for girls (higher secondary)
- Garnet Adharsheela (for pre-primary)
- Ch. Chhabil Dass Public school MV (higher secondary)
- Kendriya Vidyalaya, Kamla Nehru Nagar (earlier Vishesh Kendriya Vidyalaya) (higher secondary)
- Silver Bells primary school (primary)
- IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad Engineering College
- Babu Banarsi Das Institute of Technology, Duhai, Ghaziabad Engineering and Management College
- St. Thomas School Indirapuram
These schools and colleges attract students from far off places from other states.
[edit] Media
It is a part of the satellite area of Delhi therefore most of the newspapers, TV channels and radio channels here are the same as for Delhi. Television channels are available through the Cable TV network, City Cable being the largest operator.
[edit] External links
- Ghaziabad Official Website
- Advanced Level Telecom Training Centre ALTTC
- Inderprastha Dental College & Hospital
[edit] References
- ^ Census March 1, 2001
- ^ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/13528949/site/newsweek/page/8/ The Ten Most Dynamic Cities]
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