Gertrude Elizabeth Blood

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Gertrude Elizabeth Blood or Lady Colin Campbell (3 May 1857 Dublin - 1 Nov 1911 London)^[1] was an Irish-born author, playwright, columnist, editor and socialite, who was married to Lord Colin Campbell.

Contents 1 Biography 2 Works by Lady Colin Campbell 3 Bibliography 4 External links 5 References

[edit] Biography

Her parents were Edmund Maghlin Blood (1815, Brickhill, Co. Clare - 1891, Chelsea, London) and Mary Amy Fergusson (1815, Leixlip, Co. Kildare - 8 Oct 1899, Chelsea, London) who had married in 1851. The Blood family had held estates in County Clare since the reign of Elizabeth I^[2]. Edmund and Mary produced three children: Neptune William *7 July 1853, Mary Beatrice *c1855 and Gertrude Elizabeth *3 May 1857.

It was from 46 Thurloe Square, South Kensington that Gertrude, a statuesque dark-eyed and celebrated beauty, became engaged to Lord Colin Campbell and married him on 21 July 1881. She had met Campbell in October 1880 while visiting mutual friends in Scotland, and they had become engaged within days.

Lord Colin Campbell had been born on 9 March 1853, the second son of Sir George Douglas Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll and Lady Elizabeth Georgiana Sutherland-Leveson-Gower. He graduated as a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.), was the Member of Parliament for Argyllshire from 1878 to 1885, and started practising as a barrister in 1886.

The wedding had been twice postponed by Lord Colin because of his health issues, and when he proposed an antenuptial agreement, requiring being nursed until his doctor felt that he was well enough to consummate the marriage, Edmund Blood suspected the worst and openly inquired whether Lord Colin was suffering from "that loathsome disease".^[3] Gertrude's mother, though, wanted wedding plans to proceed, perhaps because it would provide an entrée to what she regarded as elevated social circles. The Duke of Argyll opposed the match, feeling that his son and heir would be marrying below his station.

The wedding took place in July of 1881, the Campbells took up residence at 79 Cadogan Place, and it turned out that Lord Colin did indeed have syphilis and had infected Gertrude. As a consequence she was granted a judicial separation from Lord Colin in 1884 (later upheld on appeal), on the grounds of cruelty - he was by then well-known as a roué and bully.^[4] Vindictively, with Gertrude's unsuccessful divorce suit at the end of 1886, he accused her of adultery, citing four household names. George Spencer-Churchill, notorious adulterer^[5] and older brother of Lord Randolph Churchill, was named as a co-respondent, as was Captain Eyre Massey Shaw, Chief of the Metropolitan Fire Brigade. William Court Gully, future Speaker of the House of Commons, acted as his counsel. Gertrude was defended by Sir Charles Russell, who later defended Florence Maybrick, accused of poisoning James Maybrick. Tipperary-born William Francis Butler, noted soldier, adventurer and author was the third party named.^[6] Thomas Bird, the physician who had treated both Colin and Gertrude for their afflictions, made up the last of the quartet. Harry Furniss the illustrator was kept busy during the trial, producing numerous portraits of the personalities involved for the daily newspapers.

The Blood parents had enjoyed a quiet, respectable lifestyle which was thrown into turmoil by the lengthy and scandalous divorce trial of their daughter with its prurient revelations.

That Gertrude Blood had been denied a divorce must be seen in the light of the double standards prevalent in Victorian England. Christabel Pankhurst had the following to say:
"According to man-made law a wife who is even once unfaithful to her husband has done him an injury which entitles him to divorce her...On the other hand, a man who consorts with prostitutes, and does this over and over again throughout his married life, has, according to man-made law, been acting only in accordance with human nature, and nobody can punish him for that."^[7]

With the trial over, Gertrude set about reshaping her life. She had always been fond of writing and turned easily to journalism, writing columns on art and travel, fashion, music and the theatre, sport and fishing - one of her favourite pastimes. Her other talents included painting, riding, cycling, swimming, a fine singing voice, an excellent command of French and Italian (which she had spoken long before being introduced to English)^[8], a bit of German, Spanish and Arabic,^[9] and was recognised as an expert fencer. She edited the Ladies Field and contributed regularly to the columns of the Saturday Review and the Pall Mall Gazette under the pseudonyms "Véra Tsaritsyn", "G. E. Brunefille" and "Q.E.D".^[10] Although ostracised by the very society of which she had longed to be part - they had closed ranks when it became apparent that a member of their set was being publicly challenged - her vivaciousness, liberal outlook, creativity and acerbic wit made her a welcome addition to literary and artistic circles. She was a confidante of Whistler who described her from his first meeting as "the very handsome and exceedingly amiable lady"^[11], and George Bernard Shaw saw her as a goddess. Her relationship with Frank Harris and Oscar Wilde, whom she called "the great white slug", was less cordial.^[12] She posed for Whistler for his painting Harmony in White and Ivory: Portrait of Lady Colin Campbell, which was lost or deliberately destroyed, and commissioned a portrait from Frank Duveneck whose future wife, the artist Elizabeth Otis Lyman Boott (1846-1888), was also a close friend. Gertrude knew Duveneck well enough to secretly send some of his Venetian etchings to the New Society's first exhibition in 1881. She was regarded as eccentric and Augustus Hare records that she "wore a live snake around her throat in hot weather because it keeps one's neck so cool".^[13] In her column of 20 October 1897 in The London World, she wrote a piece entitled Gladiators’ under the name "Véra Tsaritsyn", about attending the screening of a silent film at the Aquarium in London. The film covered the World Heavyweight Title clash at Carson City between James Corbett and Bob Fitzsimmons on 17 March 1897. Her description eulogises the physical clash and underlines her enjoyment of the sensual.

Shaw noted in his diary on 17 October 1889, that he had written to Edmund Yates asking that he give the position of art critic at The London World to Lady Colin Campbell. Shaw's easily readable art and music reviews appeared regularly in The London World and The Star, but as his time was taken up in other ways, he would gladly resign from what he regarded as a bore. Much later he would write to Frank Harris, "From Lady Colin Campbell onward, I have been familiar with celebrated beauties and with what is by no means the same thing, really beautiful women."^[14]

It is ironic that this remarkable woman is remembered for her divorce trial and is characterised as promiscuous and a courtesan. Shaw interviewed her in 1893 and wrote:
"Imagine a lady with a lightning wit, a merciless sense of humour, a skill in journalism surpassing that of any interviewer, a humiliatingly obvious power of reckoning you up at a glance, and probably not thinking much of you, a superb bearing that brings out all the abjectness in your nature, and a beauty the mere fame of which makes you fall into an attitude of amateurishly gallant homage that fulfils the measure of your sneaking confusion. The custom is for the interviewer to describe the subject of an interview as his "victim". It is not possible to express how completely the tables were turned on this occasion." -George Bernard Shaw

Gertrude Elizabeth Blood died at Carlyle Mansions in London on 1 November 1911 after a long illness^[15] and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium on 5 November. ^[16]

[edit] Works by Lady Colin Campbell

• Topo, A Tale About English Children in Italy London: Belfast, Marcus Ward & Co., 1876 under the nom-de-plume G. E. Brunefille, illustrated by Kate Greenaway
• A Book of the Running Brook and of Still Waters (1885)
• Etiquette of Good Society (1886)
• Darell Blake, a Study :Trischler (1889) - a society novel based on her experience of the divorce suit
• The Lady's Dressing-Room (1893) under pseudonym Lady Charlotte Campbell Bury
• A Woman's Walks - London: Eveleigh Nash, 1903 - a selection of essays first published in "The London World"
• Bud Blossom, a play
• St. Martin's Summer, a play with Clothilde Graves
• A Miracle in Rabbits

[edit] Bibliography

• Gordon H. Fleming Lady Colin Campbell: Victorian "Sex Goddess": Windrush (1989) ISBN-10: 0900075112

[edit] External links

• London homes
• Biography

[edit] References