German settlement in Australia

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German settlement in Australia began in large numbers in 1838, with the arrival of immigrants from Prussia to Adelaide, South Australia. German immigrants became prominent in settling South Australia and Queensland. From 1850 until World War I, German settlers and their descendants comprised the largest non-British group of Europeans in Australia.

Contents 1 The Prince George and Bengalee group - November 1838 2 The Zebra Group - December 1838 3 The Catharina Group - January 1839 4 The Skjold Group - October 1841 5 Hermann von Beckerath Group - 1847 6 San Francisco Group - October 1850 7 Further reading 8 External links 9 See also

[edit] The Prince George and Bengalee group - November 1838

The first group arrived with Pastor August Kavel on the ships Prince George, and Bengalee. These first immigrants to settle from what is today known as Germany were escaping from what they considered to be religious persecution at the hands of Prussian King Frederick William III. The group was composed of Lutheran immigrants who had left their homeland mainly because of their rejection of Prussian state enforcement of a new prayer book for church services. They developed a settlement at Klemzig, six kilometers from Adelaide.

[edit] The Zebra Group - December 1838

The next group arrived in December 1838, on the Zebra with Captain Dirk Meinhertz Hahn. Captain Hahn, assisted this group in acquiring land in the Adelaide Hills, where they settled Hahndorf.

[edit] The Catharina Group - January 1839

The last of the initial wave of immigrants arrived in January 1839, on the Catharina. This group settled predominantly at Glen Osmond.

[edit] The Skjold Group - October 1841

In 1840 a letter was sent to the Old Lutherans in Prussia to encourage others to also emigrate. Included in this letter was a request for a second pastor to be sent also. The group set sail for Australia, on 11 July 1841 on the Skjold. On a trip beset with sickness, 55 people, mainly young children and the elderly died. On October 28, 1841, 213 emigrants from Prussia arrived at Port Misery in South Australia. With them was Pastor Gotthard Fritzsche, who had been encouraged to emigrate because of the Prussian government’s requirement for a Pastor to accompany the emigrants. The migrants settled at Lobethal, and Bethenien.

In 1842, Langmeil was settled.

[edit] Hermann von Beckerath Group - 1847

Early German immigrants were instrumental in the creation of the South Australian Wine Industry. One of the earliest wine makers, whose descendants still produce wine, was Carl August Sobels. Born in Dresden in 1802, he arrived in South Australia on the Hermann von Beckerath in 1847. At first he farmed at Macclesfield before moving to Tanunda where he produced table wines. After his death in 1863 the business was conducted by his son Ferdinand.

By the mid 1840s, the German community in South Australia had become large enough to warrant its own German-language newspaper. In 1847, the first German newspaper in Australia, Die Deutsche Post, was founded in Adelaide.

[edit] San Francisco Group - October 1850

The barque San Francisco (a three masted barque of 450 tons (nm) built in Bjornberg, Sweden in 1846 and owned by J C Godeffroy & Sons) landed a number of emigrants in South Australia on 14 October 1850 [1] after leaving Hamburg on 15 June (or 23 June ?)[2]1850. The ship almost never arrived, as it sailed straight into a major storm at Port Misery (Port Adelaide), which also wrecked the barque Grecian (three-masted, built at Sunderland, England in 1841) earlier that day. It was reported in a local newspaper of the time that the newly arrived emigrants on the ship were from the linen-producing Prussian province of Silesia. Like previous German emigrants to South Australia, the passengers then dispersed throughout the colony.

Passenger List of the San Francisco:

Schiff: San Francisco	Kapitän:Kramer	von: Hamburg	nach: Adelaide	und: Melbourne	am: 15.06.1850
Name	Vorname	Beruf	Herkunft	Ehefrau	Kinder
Ahrenstein	Adolph	Kaufmann	Hamburg	Sara	Levy, Fanny, Doris
Ahrenstein	Friedrich	Kaufmann	Lippstadt	Auguste
Arnsberg	J.M.	Kaufmann	Hamburg
Becker	Friedrich	Stellmacher	Leipzig
Bandholz	Friedrich	Zimmermann	Kiel
Binder	August	Maurer	Grenitz
Braunack	Friedrich	Tuchmacher	Tirschtiegel	Frau	2 Söhne
Erichsen	Johanna		Hamburg-Altona
Findeisen	C.C.	Lehrer	Markkleeberg
Fischer	Christian	Schäfer	Osteritz	Frau	3 Kinder
Fromm	Gottlieb	Schneider	Millostow
Gomalla	Mattes	Landmann	Ganrow
Gaßan	J.	Landmann	Tornow	Maria	Elisabeth
Gormann	Johann	Landmann	Tornow	Frau	3 Kinder
Grabasch	Louise		Muschten
Huppatz	Johann	Schuhmacher	Tauer	Frau	4 Kinder
Hemmerling	J.F.	Landmann	Muschten	Frau	3 Kinder
Hübener	Gottlob	Landmann	Zirchau	Anna
Hanel	Carl	Sattler	Libau
Irmler	Georg	Landmann	Sawade	Anna
Irmler	Friedrich	Landmann	Sawade	Frau	3 Kinder
Koopmann	Gottlieb	Schneider	Wismar
Kilian	Christian	Landmann	Tauer	Frau	4 Kinder
Kloke	Gottlieb	Stellmacher	Kay	Frau	2 Kinder
Kurtze	Samuel	Zimmermann	Brausendorf	Frau	2 Kinder
Kurtze	Wilhelm	Landmann	Brausendorf	Frau	1 Kind
Kalckwitz	Wilhelm	Landmann	Schmölen	Frau	Tochter
Koch	Michael	Schuhmacher	Krakau
Lewels	Carl Johann	Destillateur	Hamburg
Lehmann	Gottlob	Landmann	Muschten	Frau	1 Kind
Meyer	Wilhelm	Tischler	Zagajewitzky
Meincke	Johann	Landmann	Boitzenburg
Müller	Johann	Schneider	Tirschtiegel	Julie	3 Kinder
Müller	Rosine		Tirschtiegel
Mattner	Gottfried	Landmann	Kay	Frau	4 Kinder
Meinje	August	Landmann	Müllerhausen
Maticke	Samuel	Landmann	Schmölen	Frau	3 Kinder
Mathias	Catharina M.		Hamburg
Noack	Anna		Ruben
Noack	Anna		Ruben
Noack	Johann	Landmann	Tauer	Anna	Maria
Noack	Elisabeth		Tauer		Maria
Noack	Martin	Landmann	Tauer
Noack	Gottfried	Landmann	Tauer		Anna
Nagel	Heinrich	Schneider	Bowitz	Louise
Pätzel	Gottlob	Schäfer	Jany	Anna	Rosina
Pätzel	Carl August	Landmann	Jany
Pätzel	Wilhelm Ernst	Landmann	Jany		Anna Helena, Anna Dorothea, Christine
Parde	August	Stellmacher	Muschten
Pöck	Gottlob	Landmann	Kay	Frau	2 Kinder
Romm	Daniel	Landmann	Gutabschied	Frau	4 Kinder
Reimann	Gottlob	Schäfer	Muschten	Frau	3 Kinder
Ruge	Christian	Schuhmacher	Muschten	Frau	Sohn
Richsteig	Georg	Landmann	Coschten	Frau	4 Kinder
Rößler	Wilhelm	Landmann	Neubauroh	Frau	6 Kinder
Roi	Ferdinand	Schuhmacher	Tischtiegel	Frau	1 Kind
Richter	E.G.	Schäfer	Cottbus
Roedinger	Friedrike		Berlin		5 Kinder
Rüthing	F.L.	Hutfrabikant	Paderborn	Frau	2 Kinder
Richter	Sophie		Hamburg
Schröder	J.G.	Tischler	Möckern	Frau	4 Kinder
Schmerl	Gottfried	Landmann	Deutsch Kessel	Frau	1 Kind
Schäpe	Christian	Landmann	Sawade	Frau	4 Kinder
Semler	Georg	Landmann	Herde	Frau	4 Kinder
Schütz	Mathias	Landmann	Bobitz
Schultz	Friedrich	Landmann	Muschten	Frau	1 Kind
Schultz	Gottlob	Schäfer	Muschten	Frau	1 Kind
Stenke	Gottfried	Müller	Kay	Anna
Stenke	Wilhelm	Müller	Kay	Rosina	4 Kinder
Stenke	Louise	Dienstmädchen	Kay
Saegenschnitter	Gottlob	Landmann	Scharky
Sturzel	Carl	Landmann	Schmöllen
Tilemann	C.H.	Kaufmann	Neustadt
Uplegger	J.E.G.	Landmann	Neu Treptow
Voigt	Robert O.	Zimmermann	Ehrenberg
Vorwerk	Gottfried	Schuhmacher	Langheinersdorf	Frau	5 Kinder
Wolff	Christian	Schäfer	Osteritz	Frau	3 Kinder
Wundersitz	Carl	Landmann	Ritschütz	Frau	3 Kinder
Wenske	Gottlob	Landmann	Muschten	Frau	1 Kind
Zahnleiter	Phillip	Maurer	Käferthal
Zirck	Dorothea		Hamburg		James

[edit] Further reading

• Harmstorf, Ian and Cigler, Michael (1985) The Germans in Australia Melbourne : AE Press. Australian ethnic heritage series. ISBN 0867872039
• Tampke, Jurgen and Doxford, Colin (1990) Australia, Willkommen : a history of the Germans in AustraliaKensington, N.S.W : New South Wales University Press. ISBN 0868403075

[edit] External links

• "German Australia" Chronology
• Zivil Lager (Internment Camp): World War One Prisoners Of War At Trial Bay (online exhibition)

• [3] South Australian Migrant Shipping (1836-1860)

• [4] SAN FRANCISCO passenger list and some other link.

[edit] See also

• German Australian
• Forty-Eighters
• Barossa German
• Ethnic Germans
• Immigration to Australia
• German Baptist settlers in Australia
• Australian place names changed from German names