George Herbert, 11th Earl of Pembroke
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General George Augustus Herbert, 11th Earl of Pembroke and 8th Earl of Montgomery, KG, PC (10 September 1759 – 26 October 1827) was a British peer, army officer and politician.
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[edit] Early life
Born Lord Herbert at the family home, Wilton House, he was the only child of Henry Herbert, 10th Earl of Pembroke and 7th Earl of Montgomery and his wife, Elizabeth, the second daughter of Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough. He was educated at home and then Harrow School from 1770 to 1775.
[edit] Military career
After leaving Harrow, Herbert was appointed an ensign in the 12th Regiment of Foot in 1775 and travelled the continent over the next five years, visiting France, Austria, Eastern Europe, Russia and Italy with Rev. William Coxe and Capt. John Floyd.
Herbert was promoted to a lieutenant in 1777 and became a captain in the 75th Regiment of Foot in 1778, before transferring to 1st The Royal Dragoons later that year. In 1781, he transferred to the 22nd Light Dragoons and the following year was promoted to a lieutenant-colonel in the 2nd Dragoon Guards.
At the start of the French Revolutionary Wars, Herbert saw action in Flanders, where he commanded the 2nd and 3rd Dragoon Guards and liaised with Prussian and Austrian forces. He was also active in the Siege of Valenciennes in 1793 and captured an enemy post at Hundssluyt, near Dunkirk, later that year.
[edit] Politics
At the general election of 1780, Herbert became Member of Parliament for the family borough of Wilton and sided with the Whig opposition. He held the seat until 1784 when he was appointed Vice-Chamberlain of the Household and sworn of the Privy Council. He held the seat for Wilton again from 1788 to 1794, the year he inherited his father's titles and estate and also succeeded him as Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire.
[edit] Family
On 8 April 1787, Lord Pembroke married his first cousin, Elizabeth Beauclerk (d. 1793), the daughter of Topham Beauclerk and his wife, Diana. They had four children:
- George (1788-1793)
- Lady Diana (1790-1841), married Welbore Agar, 2nd Earl of Normanton.
- Robert Henry, styled Viscount Herbert (1791-1862), later 12th Earl of Pembroke and 9th Earl of Montgomery.
- Hon. Charles (1793-1798)
After the death of his wife in 1793, Pembroke married Countess Catherine Romanovitch, a daughter of Semyon Romanovich Vorontsov, on 25 January 1808. They had six children:
- Lady Elizabeth (1809-1858), married Charles Meade, 3rd Earl of Clanwilliam.
- Hon. Sidney (1810-1861), later 1st Baron Herbert of Lea.
- Lady Mary (1813-1892), married George Brudenell-Bruce, 2nd Marquess of Ailesbury.
- Lady Catherine (1814-1886), married Alexander Murray, 6th Earl of Dunmore.
- Lady Georgiana (1817-1841), married Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 4th Marquess of Lansdowne.
- Lady Emma (1819-1884), married Thomas Vesey, 3rd Viscount de Vesci.
[edit] Later life
In 1795, Pembroke was promoted to a major-general and became colonel of the 6th (Inniskilling) Dragoons in 1797. He was further promoted to a lieutenant-general in 1802 and appointed a Knight of the Garter in 1805. After serving as a plenipotentiary on a special mission to Austria in 1807, he was aso appointed Governor of Guernsey and finally promoted to a general in 1812.
Lord Pembroke died on 26 October 1827 at his London home, Pembroke House and was buried at Wilton on 12 November. After having previously quarreled with his eldest surviving son, Robert, over the latter's marriage to the widowed Italian princess, Octavia Spinelli de Rubari, Pembroke left the bulk of his unentailed and personal estate to his only son by his second wife, Sidney (later created Baron Herbert of Lea).
[edit] Sources
- S. M. Farrell. Herbert, George Augustus, eleventh earl of Pembroke and eighth earl of Montgomery (1759–1827), army officer and landowner. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved on 2008-03-12.
- Cokayne et al, The Complete Peerage
| Parliament of Great Britain | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Hon. Henry Herbert Charles Herbert |
Member of Parliament for Wilton with William Gerard Hamilton 1780–1785 |
Succeeded by William Gerard Hamilton Philip Goldsworthy |
| Preceded by William Gerard Hamilton Philip Goldsworthy |
Member of Parliament for Wilton with William Gerard Hamilton 1788–1790 The Viscount FitzWilliam 1790–1794 1788–1794 |
Succeeded by The Viscount FitzWilliam Philip Goldsworthy |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by Viscount Chewton |
Vice-Chamberlain of the Household 1784–1794 |
Succeeded by Hon. Charles Greville |
| Government offices | ||
| Preceded by The Earl Grey |
Governor of Guernsey 1807–1827 |
Succeeded by Sir William Keppel |
| Honorary titles | ||
| Preceded by The Earl of Pembroke |
Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire 1794–1827 |
Succeeded by The Marquess of Lansdowne |
| Peerage of England | ||
| Preceded by Henry Herbert |
Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery 1794–1827 |
Succeeded by Robert Herbert |
