Geography of the Arab League
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The Arab League is a political organization developing into a more economic one, it has an Area of 14 million km², making it only Second after the Russian Federation, if ranked.
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[edit] Landscape
The highest point in the Arab League is in Morocco called Jbel Toubkal, standing 4,165 m tall, making it the 40th highest place on earth, and 6th in Africa, next comes Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb in Yemen and Cheekha Dar in Iraq. While the lowest point in the Arab League is the Dead sea, it is also the lowest on Earth in Jordan.
[edit] Regions
Geographical terrains in the Arab League can be divided into three, the Huge Arid Desert covering most of it, the fertile South and North and finally the High Mountains of Atlas, Ahaggar, Zagros and Lebanon, along with the Hijaz Mountain range.
The AL can also be divided into two main geographical regions, the Asian part, which has 12 states and the Africa part which is the larger part and has 10 states. neighboring the League are 13 land neighbors and 4 sea neighbors. Senegal, Mali, Niger, Chad, Central Africa, DR. Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Israel, Turkey and Iran are all land neighbors. while Spain, Malta, Italy, Cyprus and Madagascar are all Sea neighbors.
Culturally the Arab States can be divided into 5 regions.
- The Maghreb, which includes Morocco, Mauritania, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya.
- The Mashriq, which includes Lebanon, Syria, Palestine and Jordan
- The Nile Valley, which includes the Fertile lands of Egypt and Sudan.
- The Gulf, which includes the oil rich states of Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq.
- The Bab-el-Mandeb, which includes Yemen, Somalia, Djibouti, and Comoros.
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Algeria
Algeria is the second largest country on the African continent and the 11th largest country in the world in terms of total area. It is bordered by Tunisia in the northeast, Libya in the east, Niger in the southeast, Mali and Mauritania in the southwest, a few kilometers of the Western Sahara in the west, Morocco in the northwest, and the Mediterranean Sea in the north.
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Bahrain
It now comprises an archipelago of thirty-two natural islands (after the return of Jenan to Qatar) The word Bahrain literary means in Arabic "Two Seas", with an are of 665 km2, the island was once the heart of the pearl industry, today with oil found, it has joined the Arab states of the Persian Gulf development revolution. The Island has no land neighbors, Qatar lies on its south and Saudi Arabia lies on its west, now linked with a bridge, Bahrain's Tourism depends heavily on Saudi Tourists.
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Comoros
Comoros Consists of four main Islands, Nzwani, Mwali, Mahoré (Currently Administrated by France, claimed by Comoros), and the biggest Grande Comore, or Njazidja, centered in the middle of the Mozambique Channel off the East Coast of Africa, the island is a tropical paradise, with humid tropical forests. The islands were made by volcanic eruptions, that still exist today, making its Area 2,236 km², the Karthala Volcano is an active volcano in 2005 it started spewing ash, forcing around 10,000 to flee their homes.
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Djibouti
An arid country in the Horn of Africa, Djibouti is bordered by Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the west and south, and Somalia in the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. On the other side of the Red Sea, on the Arabian Peninsula, 20 kilometres (12 mi) from the coast of Djibouti, is Yemen. The capital of Djibouti is the city of Djibouti.
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Egypt
Egypt can be Divided into three sections, The vast Western, Eastern Desert and Sinai Desert, the North Coast and the Nile Valley, if it wasn't for the Nile Egypt would not have existed, people first settled here some 10,000 years ago starting civilization as we know it today, The rich Nile Valley Hosts almost the Entire Egyptian population of around 80 million, the Western Desert covers 700,000 km2, of Egypt, an area as large as Texas, it is an extension to the Sahara desert found in 7 other Arab Countries, , the Eastern Desert is geographically distinctive from the Western Desert, its is much smaller with 220,000 km2, stretching from Sudanese Borders to the Suez Canal, Historically the Arid Mountainous lands were great gold mines for the Pharoes, Today Gold is being re-discovered, the high Mountains of the Area are parallel to the same ones of Hijaz, stretching on the West coast of the Arabian Peninsula. The North Coast is a slim area stretching the North Coast of Egypt to the Mediterranean sea, from Libya to the Gaza Strip, it has a semi-mediterranean climate, it has recently changed dramatically from the harbors of Egypt, and its fruits industry heart to a Touristic coast with Tourism Compounds and Cities, Development to the Area is Increasing fast, 3 Airports are being Planned along with the development of 2, and over 10 Marina's are being opened, The Region is witnessing a boom in the internal Tourism industry.
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Iraq
Most geographers, including those of the Iraqi government, discuss the country's geography in terms of four main zones or regions: the desert in the west and southwest; the rolling upland between the upper Tigris and Euphrates rivers (in Arabic the Dijlah and Furat, respectively); the highlands in the north and northeast; and the alluvial plain through which the Tigris and Euphrates flow. Iraq's official statistical reports give the total land area as 438,446 square kilometers (169,285 sq. mi), whereas a United States Department of State publication gives the area as 434,934 square kilometers (167,929 sq. mi).
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Jordan
Considered by a lot a landbridge between Africa, Arabia, Asia and Europe, Jordan has long been a resting zone for Travelers, today its location, and other Political conflicts in the region has made it again a meeting point for Trading caravans and Trucks.
It is mostly an Arid Land with fertile areas in the north and west, it has one seaport in Aqaba, overlooking the Red Sea, its neighbors are Saudi Arabia on the south, Iraq on the North East, Syria on the North,Palestine and Israel on the West.
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Kuwait
like most of the Arab Gulf nations, Kuwait is more or less mostly Desert, and lacks rural demography, its rich sea's and Desert bless the Country with most of its Income, a big area of the Country is Used as US military. its neighbors are Iraq in the North, and Saudi Arabia in the South and West, while the Persian Gulf lies on its Easter Border, with Iran on its Other Banks.
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Lebanon
Lying on the East Coast of the Mediterranean Sea, Semi-enclaved by Syria. Only Israel, (no recognition or Official relations made) on the South, Syria is the only land connecting it to the World, with borders closed with Israel from 1948. The High Mountain Ranges of Lebanon Divide the Country into Half, the Coastal Mediterranean Area's and the Rich fertile Valley of the Biqa'a, with several small rivers flowing through the region, it is the food basket for Lebanon. Historically, Lebanon had heavy condensed rich forests of Mediterranean trees and Cedar trees, today its mountains are almost bare, only a few protected forest regions still exist.
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Libya
with an Area of 1,760,000, making it the third largest country in the African Arab League, the Mediterranean Coast and the vast Sahara are the two prominent natural features. Unlike its neighbors Libya has no Mountain ranges. It has a highland area south with the borders of Chad called Tibesti Massif. Below the productive Gulf of Sidra lies a 500 km wasteland Desert. This coastal area has been a bridge between the Civilization of the East in Egypt, Phonecia, Abbasids, Ummayids and Romans, with the West in Carthage, Lixus, Mohavids and Andalusia. Today it holds pretty much the entire Libyan population. To eliminate this issue, the Libyan Leader Mo'amar al Qadafi has started a great river stretching in the Sahara, parallel to the Nile depending on the Deep Aquifiers of Libya's rich waters, the project may bring Libya to a new level of agriculture and production.
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Mauritania
main On the West of Africa lies Mauritania with a Coastline stretching 754 km, on the Atlantic Ocean, bordering its Arab Neighbors of Algeria and Morocco, to the north and Mali to the East and Senegal to the South. Approximately three-Fourths of Mauritania is Desert or Semi-Desert, since the 1960sthe Desert has started Expanding into the Fertile areas of the South, to the west are enormous sand Dunes the Shift and move from the winds, the Most Fertile area of Mauritania is the Sebegal River Valley, offering the Mauritanian People good Fishing and Agriculture.
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Morocco
main Morocco is a Northern African country, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and the annexed Western Sahara, its is Considered the nearest point to Europe from Africa. A large part of Morocco is mountainous. The Atlas Mountains are located mainly in the center and the south of the country. The Rif Mountains are located in the north of the country. Both ranges are mainly inhabited by the Berber people.
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Oman
Oman is a country in southwest Asia, on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders the United Arab Emirates on the northwest, Saudi Arabia on the west, and Yemen on the southwest. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the south and east, and the Gulf of Oman on the northeast. The country also contains Madha, an exclave enclosed by the United Arab Emirates, and Musandam, an exclave also separated by Emirati territory.
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Palestinian Authority
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The Palestinian National Authority is the administrative organization, established to govern parts of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
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Qatar
Qatar is an Arab emirate in Southwest Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south; otherwise the Persian Gulf surrounds the state.
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Saudi Arabia
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the largest country of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Jordan on the northwest, Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south. The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of 27.6 million, and its size is approximately 2,150,000 square km (830,000 square miles).
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Somalia
Somalia is a country located in Northeast Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya on its southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen on its north, the Indian Ocean at its east, and Ethiopia to the west.
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Sudan
Sudan is the Largest Arab and African Country, it is the 10th Largest country in the World, its Land can be divided into the Arid North and the Fertile South. the Nile River Divides the Country Vertically, from its Northern Borders with Egypt to its Southern Borders with Uganda.
The Sudan has 9 Neighbors, 3 of them are Members or Observers of the Arab League, Egypt has the Northern Sudanese Borders, while Libya is on its North West, Chad and Republic of Central Africa are on the Western Borders of Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda are on the Southern Borders, while on the East lies The Red Sea, Eriteria and Ethiopia, then a small line of border is shared with Kenya in the South East.
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Syria
Syria is a country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon, the Mediterranean Sea and the island of Cyprus to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north. The modern state of Syria was formerly a French mandate and attained independence in 1946, but can trace its roots to the fourth millennium BC. Its capital city, Damascus, was the seat of the Umayyad Empire and a provincial capital of the Mamluk Empire.
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Tunisia
Tunisia is a country located on the Mediterranean coast of North Africa. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and Libya to the southeast. It is the northernmost African country and the smallest of the nations situated along the Atlas mountain range. Around forty percent of the country is composed of the Sahara desert, with much of the remainder consisting of particularly fertile soil, and a 1300 km coastline. Both played a prominent role in ancient times, first with the famous Phoenician city of Carthage, and later, as the Africa Province, which became known as the bread basket of the Roman Empire.
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United Arab Emirates
main made up of 7 Emirates, the UAE is a plain of Deserts, with the population depending on Fishing in the early 1950s then on Oil in the 1970s then on Tourism and Real Estates today, the UAE is the Fastest Growing market in the Arab League and the Middle East, the Country's Area is 77,700 km2, although this figure is not exact, the Country's Borders with Saudi Arabia on the South and West is not Officially drawn, and other Emirati claims in Islands in the Persian Gulf, as well as human made Islands in off the Coast are increasing the Size of Emirate day by Day. The Country neighbors Qatar in the North and Oman to the South, with a North East enclave of to Oman, the Country has a large area of its territory in the Rub al Khali, or Empty Quarter in the Arabian Peninsula, also shared by Oman and Saudi Arabia.
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Yemen
Yemen is a Middle Eastern country located on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia. With a population of more than 20 million people, Yemen is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the North, the Red Sea to the West, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the South, and Oman to the east. Yemen's territory includes over 200 islands, the largest of which is Socotra, about 415 kilometres (259 miles) to the south of Yemen, off the coast of Somalia. Yemen is the only republic on the Arabian Peninsula.
